• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.203-208
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• 1999

An 8 week feeding trial was conducted with 864 ISA Brown laying hens, 48 weeks old, to determine if microbial phytase $(Natuphos^{(R)})$ supplementation can reduce non-phytate phosphorus (NPP) level in laying diets. The experiment consisted of four dietary treatments: T1, control diet with 0.26% NPP (0.55% total P) wand no supplementary phytase; T2, 0.21% NPP (0.50% total P) diet with 250 U of phytase/kg of diet; T3, 0.16% NPP (0.45% total P) diet with 250 U of phytase/kg of diet; and T4, 0.11% NPP (0.40% total P) diet with 250 U of phytase/kg of diet. T3 showed the highest egg production and egg weight and the lowest feed conversion while T4 gave the lowest egg production and the highest feed conversion and mortality. Daily feed consumption ranged from 130.4 g (T4) to 132.7 g (T2). T1 and T2 were not significantly different in the production parameters. Eggshell strength, egg specific gravity, and eggshell thickness were not significantly different among treatments. However, broken egg ratio was significantly lower in T2 and T4 than in T1. Retentions of Ca, P, Mg, and Cu were greater in phytase supplemented treatments (T2, T3, and T4) than the control (T1), and those in T3 and T4 were greater than in T2. Excretions of P in phytase supplemented treatments (T2, T3, and T4) were significantly (p<0.05) smaller than in T1 but excretions of N were not significantly different among the treatments. Contents of ash in tibiae were not significantly affected by treatments, but contents of Ca, P, Mg, and Zn was increased and that of Cu decreased by phytase supplementation. It is concluded that the NPP concentration in the diet of Brown layers consuming about 130 g/d of feed can be safely lowered from 0.26% (0.55% total P) to 0.16% (0.45% total P). The excretion of P was reduced by the inclusion of 250 U phytase/kg of diet.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.783-791
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• 2011

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of adding lotus root and leaf powder on the quality characteristics of cooked pork patties. The patties were of four types: unadulterated (control, T0), 0.5% lotus root powder (T1), 0.25% lotus root and 0.25% lotus leaf powder (T2), and 0.5% lotus leaf powder (T3). We found that the moisture content was highest in T1 group, and that the protein and fat contents were lowest in T1 (p<0.05). The ash content was lowest in T0 (p<0.05). The cooking yield and moisture retention level were not significantly different among the samples, but fat retention was the highest in T3 (p<0.05). The hardness, springiness, cohesiveness and chewiness were also highest in T3, and the gumminess was lowest in T0 (p<0.05). The $L^*$ values tended to increase with longer storage periods, and that of T0 was the highest after nine days of the storage (p<0.05). By contrast, the $a^*$ values decreased with longer storage periods (p<0.05), with that of T3 being the lowest (p<0.05) during storage periods. The water holding capacity decreased with longer storage periods, and that of T1 was the highest (p<0.05) during storage periods. The pH of T1 decreased, and those of T2 and T3 increased with a longer storage period (p<0.05). TBARS values increased with a longer storage period, and those of T0, T1, T2 and T3 were 8.69, 2.95, 0.88 and 0.55 mg/kg, respectively, after nine days of storage (p<0.05).

• E2M - 전기 전자와 첨단 소재
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• 제10권8호
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• pp.800-806
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• 1997

The behavior of de levels in rapid thermal annealed Fe-doped semi-insulating InP(100) was studied by photoinduced current transient spectrocopy(PICTS). In bulk InP, T2(Ec-0.24 eV), T3(Ec-0.30 eV) and T5(Ec-0.62 eV) traps were observed. After annealing the T2 trap was annihilated at 20$0^{\circ}C$ and recreated at 35$0^{\circ}C$. T3 trap was not affected below 40$0^{\circ}C$. With increasing temperature the concentration of T5 trap reduced and it was annihilated at 30$0^{\circ}C$. However the T1(Ec-0.16 eV) and T4(Ec-0.42 eV) traps were began to appear at 40$0^{\circ}C$and these concentrations were increased with annealing temperature. The T1 and T4 traps seem to be related to the isolated phosphorus vacancy( $V_{p}$) and $V_{p}$-indium antisite( $V_{p}$- $P_{in}$ ) or $V_{p}$-indium interstitial( $V_{p}$-I $n_{I}$) respectiely.respectiely.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제25권8호
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• pp.896-902
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• 2015

본 연구는 유화형 돈육소시지 제조에 첨가되는 아질산염을 대체할 목적으로 천연색소로 알려진 레드비트 분말을 첨가하여 돈육소시지의 이화학적 특성에 미치는 영향에 대해 알아보고자 실시하였다. 총 5개의 처리구로 제조를 하였으며, C (아질산염 0.01%), T1 (아질산염 0.005% + 레드비트 분말 0.5%), T2 (아질산염 0.005% + 레드비트 분말 0.25%), T3 (레드비트 분말 0.5%), T4 (레드비트 분말 0.25%)로 처리하여 10±1℃에서 6주간 저장하면서 실험을 실시하였다. 명도는 Control이 유의적으로 높았고, 적색도는 T1이 높았으며, 황색도는 T3와 T4가 높았다. pH는 T3와 T4가 유의적으로 낮은 경향을 보였다. VBN은 처리구간별 유의적 차이가 없었다. DPPH 결과는 0주차에서 T1과 T3가 유의적으로 높은 경향을 보였으며, 2주차에서 T1이 높았고, 4주와 6주차에서는 T3가 높았다. 또한, 잔존아질산이온 결과는 Control이 저장 6주 동안 유의적으로 높았고, T3와 T4는 낮은 결과를 나타내었다. 따라서, 본 실험 결과에 의하면 레드비트 분말의 첨가는 유화형 돈육소시지의 품질을 감소시키지 않으면서 아질산염의 첨가를 줄일 수 있을 것으로 판단되었으며 항산화활성에 효과를 나타내는 것으로 사료되었다.

• 분석과학
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.282-288
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• 2004

Inclusion selectivities of the cyanocadmate host complexes with ammonium oniums, $[Cd_x(CN)_{2x}][onium{\cdot}zG]$ (onium = $NMe_3Et^+$, $NMeEt{_3}^+$ and $NEt{_4}^+$, G = guest), have been investigated for $C_6H_6$ (B), PhMe (T), PhEt (E), ortho (O), meta (M), and para (P) isomers of $C_6H_4Me_2$ as the aromatic guest molecules. From the binary, ternary, quaternary and quinary mixed guests of B, T, E, O, M and P, the order of preference in the $NMe_3Et+$-host is $B{\gg}$T>P${\fallingdotseq}O{\fallingdotseq}M$ and E>O${\gg}P{\fallingdotseq}M$; in the $NMeEt{_3}^+$-host is T>B>P${\gg}O{\fallingdotseq}M$ and E>P${\gg}$M>O; in the $NEt{_4}^+$-host is $B{\gg}T{\fallingdotseq}O{\fallingdotseq}M{\fallingdotseq}P$. However, the $NEt{_4}^+$-host complexes of E, O, M and P mixed-guests were not obtained. These inclusion selectivities were compared to our previous results of the $NMe{_4}^+$-host; T>B>P${\gg}$M>O and E>P${\gg}$M>O.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제34권3_4호
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• pp.269-284
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• 2016

In this paper, we firstly use Krasnosel'skii fixed point theorem to investigate positive solutions for the following three-point boundary value problems for p-Laplacian with a parameter $({\phi}_P(D^{\alpha}_{0}+u(t)))^{\prime}+{\lambda}f(t, u(t))=0$, 0$D^{\alpha}_{0}+u(0)=u(0)=u{\prime}{\prime}(0)=0$, $u^{\prime}(1)={\gamma}u^{\prime}(\eta)$ where ϕ_p(s) = |s|^p−2s, p > 1, $D^{\alpha}_{0^+}$ is the Caputo's derivative, α ∈ (2, 3], η, γ ∈ (0, 1), λ > 0 is a parameter. Then we use Leggett-Williams fixed point theorem to study the existence of three positive solutions for the fractional boundary value problem $({\phi}_P(D^{\alpha}_{0}+u(t)))^{\prime}+f(t, u(t))=0$, 0$D^{\alpha}_{0}+u(0)=u(0)=u{\prime}{\prime}(0)=0$, $u^{\prime}(1)={\gamma}u^{\prime}(\eta)$ where ϕ_p(s) = |s|^p−2s, p > 1, $D^{\alpha}_{0^+}$ is the Caputo's derivative, α ∈ (2, 3], η, γ ∈ (0, 1).

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.809-813
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• 2008

The objective of this study was to determine storage stability and antioxidant effect of T1, ascorbic acid (0.6%); T2, ethanol extracts of Bacillus polyfermenticus (5%); T3, mixture with ascorbic acid (0.3%), and ethanol extracts of B. polyfermenticus (2.5%) during the storage period. The pH of sausage decreased constantly during storage (p<0.05). Thiobarbituric acid reaction substance (TBA) values were lower in all treated samples compared to the control (p<0.05). Longer storage periods resulted in higher TBA values (p<0.05). Volatile basic nitrogen (VBN) value in T1, T2, and T3 were significantly lower than control (p<0.05). The $L^*$ value of T1, T2, and T3 had higher than control. The $a^*$ value of T2 was significantly lower than control, T1, and T3 during storage period (p<0.05). The $b^*$ value of T2 had significantly higher compared to the other sausage samples during storage period (p<0.05). Total microbial counts in the sausages samples significantly increased as storage period increased (p<0.05). Further studies are needed to develop various meat products to extend the storage stability using B. polyfermenticus SCD.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.8-16
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• 2004

목적: 본 연구는 자궁경부암 환자의 삶의 질을 파악하고, 질병 진행 단계와 치료 형태에 따른 삶의 질을 분석하는데 있다. 방법: 자료 수집은 3개의 종합병원에서 자궁경부암 환자 67명을 대상으로 하였으며, 자료수집 기간은 3월 15일부터 6월 4일까지 이었다. 연구 도구로는 Ferrell[18]의 삶의 질-암 환자용 도구(Quality of Life-cancer version)를 번역하여, 자궁경부암 환자에게 맞지 않는 4문항을 제외한 총 37문항으로 사용하였다. 자료 분석은 SPSS 통계프로그램을 이용하여, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe test로 검증하였고 도구의 신뢰도 검증은 Cronbach's Alpha를 산출하였다. 결과: 자궁경부암 환자의 질병 진행 단계에 따른 삶의 질 정도는 유의한 차이가 있었다.(F=5.06, P=.003) 질병 진행 단계에 따른 영역별 삶의 질 정도에서는 신체적 안녕 영역(F=3.97 P=.012), 정신적 안녕 영역(F=3.91, P=.013), 사회적 안녕 영역(F=4.96, P=.004)에는 유의한 차이를 보였으나, 영적 안녕 영역(F=1.36, P=.262)은 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 치료 형태에 따른 삶의 질정도는 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다.(t=-1.83, P=.073) 치료 형태에 따른 영역별 삶의 질정도에서는 정신적 안녕 영역(t=-2.14, P=.037), 사회적 안녕 영역(t=-2.15, P=.036)에는 유의한 차이를 보였으나, 신체적 안녕 영역(t=-.93, P=.356), 영적 안녕 영역(t=.73, P=.469)에는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 결론: 자궁경부암 환자의 삶의 질은 질병 진행단계와 치료 형태 및 일반적 특성에 따라 차이가 있었다. 그러므로 자궁경부암 환자에게 질병 진행 단계와 치료 형태 및 일반적 특성을 고려한 간호 중재를 적용할 필요가 있다.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.189-194
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• 1994

Effects of ${AI_2O_3}/{P_2O_5}$ ratio on the crystallization of a series of glasses with the nominal composition of 41.4wt % $SiO_2$, 35.0wt % CaO, 20.6wt % (${P_2O_5}$+${AI_2O_3}$) and 3.0wt% MgO were investigated with DTA, XRD and SEM. The major crystalline phases are apatite and anorthite. The glass transition temperature ($T_g$) and the softening point ($T_s$) are shifted to the upper temperature by increasing $AI_2O_3$ content. The temperature of apatite crystallization ($T_{p1}$) is increased by $AI_2O_3$ content, but the tempera¬ture of anorthite crystallization ($T_{p2}$) is not affected significantly. With increased of $AI_2O_3$, the apatite crystallization is decreased, but anorthite crystallization is increased.

• 공업화학
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.366-369
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• 2008

입자상 알루미늄 충전복극조의 성능을 파악할 목적으로 실험은 회분식과 연속식으로 진행하였다. 입자상 알루미늄 충전복극조를 이용하여 T-P 농도 10 mg/L인 인산염 함유 용액을 6 V에서 3 h 회분식으로 전해처리 한 결과 T-P의 제거율은 88% 이었다. 입자상 알루미늄 충전복극조를 이용하여 T-P 농도 10 mg/L인 인산염 함유 용액을 6 V에서 HRT를 3 h으로 하여 연속식으로 전해처리 한 결과 T-P의 농도는 2 mg/L이었다. HRT 3 h으로 고정하여 전해처리 할 경우 120 h 처리 후 파과점을 관찰할 수 있었다.