• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제32권5_6호
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• pp.737-746
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• 2014

Treatment method refers to a principle or method for treating diseases in Traditional Korean Medicine(TKM). As doctors determine the ideal treatment for a patient's disease or symptom, they are also able to prescribe effective treatment means for the diseases or symptom such as medicinal materials, prescription, acupuncture and moxibustion. Therefore, if significant symptom-treatment method combinations are found from literature or database, proper treatment means for the patient's diseases or symptom may be presented to TKM doctors and enhanced treatment accuracy and efficiency can be expected. This study aims to analyze the relation between symptom and treatment method by interpreting hypotheses through null hypotheses to find significant symptom-treatment method combinations. This combinations suggested in this study will be compared with TKM experts analysis result to find an objective analysis method and eventually apply the method to medical big data, e.g., a huge amount of literature or treatment records.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.171-174
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• 1984

Fusarium monilifome에 이병(罹病)된 유묘(幼苗)를 이앙(移秧)한 후(後) 키다리병병징출현주(病病徵出現株)의 수량구성요소(收量構成要素)를 조사(調査)하여 수량(收量)과의 관계(關係)를 보면 주당수수(株當穗數)와 수당건전입수(穗當健全粒數)순으로 수량(收量)에 영향(影響)을 주었다. 본답(本畓)에서 병징(病徵)이 나타내는 시기(時期)와 수량구성요소(收量構成要素)들 간(間)에 은일(一) 정(定)한 경향(傾向)을 보이지 않고 건전주(健全株)를 이앙(移秧)한 주(株)에서 무병징주(無病徵株)보다 수량(收量)이 증가(增加)하였다.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.208-218
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• 2005

This study was conducted to develop and evaluate guidelines for cancer patients' symptoms management such as nausea/vomiting, fatigue, constipation, diarrhea, and oral mucositis. Based on the literature review, assessment path to identify each stage of five symptoms were also developed. Guidelines for symptom management of each stage of the symptoms were developed. Guidelines then were evaluated by a panel of experts. Finally, 95 cancer patients were recruited and asked to use the guidelines for their symptom management. Levels of understanding of and satisfaction with assessment path and management guidelines were surveyed. Prevalence rate of five symptoms varied ranging from 20% (diarrhea) to 47% (nausea/vomiting). Regarding the level of understanding of each symptom most of the cancer patients indicated that they were easy and sufficient. Regarding the easiness of use of the symptom management guidelines, most of cancer patients indicated that they were easy to use. Regarding the nursing intervention on each symptom, most of cancer patients indicated that they were easy and helpful. More information was added with feedback from the patients. The result of this study has implications on development of customized patient education materials based on assessment path and symptom management guidelines.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.45-53
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• 2019

The popularity of keeping stag beetles (Dorcus titanus castanicolor Motschulsky 1861, Coleoptera: Lucanidae) as pets has increased. Consistent with the rise in the number of insect farms using these beetles, the number of contaminated or diseased D. titanus castanicolor has also increased. This investigation was conducted to analyze the cause of D. titanus castanicolor disease. The contaminated larvae of D. titanus castanicolor showed Allomyrina nudivirus infection symptoms similar to those of Allomyrina nudivirus infection. However, the disease carried by of D. titanus castanicolor is not derived from the virus infecting Allomyrina, as determined by PCR. Our study revealed that the major gut microbes of infectious D. titanus castanicolor belonged to the phylum Proteobacteria, and specifically, Pseudomonas knackmussi (Symptom 1 - 39.62% to Symptom 2 - 41.50% to Symptom 3 - 76.76% as the disease progressed severely) and Citrobacter koseri (Symptom 1 - 1.48% to Symptom 2 - 6.04% to Symptom 3 - 6.16% as the disease progressed severely) were detected. Additionally, a high proportion of larvae from the uninfected group were found to harbor bacteria belonging to the phylum Firmicutes (72%). However, as the disease progressed severely in these beetles, the proportion of Firmicutes decreased (Symptom 1 - 72.03% to Symptom 2 - 44.7% to Symptom 3 - 26.3%). These findings imply that colonization by Firmicutes was inversely proportional to Proteobacteria colonization in the gut. This was found to be true for both the normal and disease conditions of D. titanus castanicolor. In this study, we examined the distribution of intestinal microbial communities in normal and contaminated larvae. We observed a correlation between these contaminated microbes and the overall health of the beetle, and our findings suggest that there may be a link between disease progression and the gut microbiome.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.297-309
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• 2018

Purpose: To develop Pregnancy Risk symptom Perception Scale (PRPS) and evaluate its validity and reliability. Methods: A preliminary 30-item version of PRPS was developed through literature review, in-depth interview, and Content Validity. Each item was scored on a four-point Likert scale. The preliminary scale was developed based on 301 pregnant women who visited a hospital. Date were analyzed using item analysis, factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ (0.90 for total item, 0.80 to 0.88 for factors). Results: The PRPS consisted of 27 items. Three factors (physical, environmental, and emotional factors) explained 55% of the total variance. Cronbach's Criterion validity was supported by comparison with the Perception of Pregnancy Risk Questionnaire (r=0.34). In reliability test, the reliability coefficient of pregnancy risk symptom perception was high at 0.90. Conclusion: These results suggest that the pregnancy risk symptom perception scale developed in this study comprises items that can assess the level of pregnant women's pregnancy risk symptom perception in Korea. Its validity and reliability were proven. PRPS can be utilized to measure pregnant women's risk symptom perception during pregnancy. PRPS will contribute to the development of systematic prenatal care and effective risk management.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.316-322
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• 2014

Recently, a Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) strain, named as CMV-209, was isolated from Glycine soja. In this study, symptom expression of CMV-209 was analyzed in detail in Nicotiana benthamiana by comparing with that of CMV-Fny, which is a representative strain of CMV. Using infectious cDNA clones of CMV strains 209 and Fny, symptom expression of various pseudorecombinants between these two strains were examined in the early and late infection stages. In the early infection stage, the pseudorecombinants containing Fny-RNA2 induced stunting and leaf distortion on the newly emerged leaves whereas the pseudorecombinants containing 209-RNA2 caused no obvious symptoms. In the late infection stage, the pseudorecombinants containing 209-RNA1 and Fny-RNA2 induced severe leaf distortion and stunting, while CMV-209 induced mild symptom and CMV-Fny caused typical mosaic, general stunting, and leaf distortion symptoms, indicating that RNA 2 encodes a symptom determinant(s) of CMV, which is capable of enhancing symptoms. Furthermore, our results support the possibility that natural recombination between compatible viruses can result in emergence of novel viruses causing severe damages in crop fields.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.529-534
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• 2010

수박($Citrullus$ $lanatus$ L.)의 시듦증은 생리장해라고 알려져 있다. 품질 및 수량을 저하시키고 큰 경제적 손실을 가져오는 이 증상은 주로 한국의 수박 주산지인 의령이나 함안 지역에서 기온이 높아지는 3월 중순 이후부터 시작하며 해에 따라 발생 양상이 차이가 있다. 수박 생리장해에 대한 많은 연구가 수행되고 있으나 시듦증의 발생 기작에 대한 연구는 미흡한 실정이다. 본 연구는 시듦증 발생 기작을 해명하기 위하여 강제환기 처리를 하였으며 경남 의령군 용덕면에서 2009년 1월-5월까지 수행하였다. 관행처리에 비해 강제환기 처리는 시설내 기온, 엽온 및 근권부의 온도를 각각 약 4.5, 5, $3^{\circ}C$정도 낮게 유지시켰고 포차도 낮게 유지시켰다. 전 생육기간 동안 관행 및 강제환기 처리 모두에서 과실 생육속도가 최대를 보이는 시기가 두 차례 관찰되었고 관행에서 그 속도와 시기가 더 빠른 것으로 관찰되었고, 첫 번째 최대기는 착과 후 12일에(350g/일), 그 두 번째는 착과 후 24일에(350g/일) 관찰되었다. 시듦증은 착과 후 22일에 관행처리 에서만 발생하기 시작하였다. 강제환기 처리에서 과실 생육최대기는 관행처리에서 보다 4일 늦게 관찰되었다(350g/일). 동시에 식물체 생육속도도 강제환기가 관행처리 보다 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과들은 강제환기가 전 생육기간 동안 엽온 및 포차를 낮게 유지함으로써 식물체 및 과실의 생육속도를 조절했다는 것을 보여준다. 따라서 강제환기가 건전한 생육을 유도하고 식물체의 증산을 조절함으로써 엽과 과실간 수분경합을 줄여 시듦증을 방지시킨다는 가설을 제시한다. 금후 직접적이고 정밀한 실험을 통해 강제환기효과에 대한 식물체내의 수분균형의 연구가 기대 된다.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.249-256
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• 1996

Beet curly top virus is the DNA virus that is providing useful for basic studies of the infection of Arabidopsis thaliana with viral host and provides a system for studying both resistance and the molecular basis of symptom development. An importnat aspect of symptom development observed in BCTV-infected A. thaliana (ecotype Sei-O) was the induction of cell division on phloem and surrounding cortex cells. Analysis of the expression of GUS reporter gene activity in transgenic plants containing constructs with promoter of the auxin-inducible saur gene showed that saur promoter activity was induced concomitantly in symptomatic tissues at the inflorescence shoot tips of the transgenic lines. The auxin sensitivity tests showed that hypersusceptible ecotype, Sei-O produced more amounts of callus than susceptible ecotype, Col-O. These studies indicated that changes in auxin concentration were involved in the induction of cell division in BCTV-infected plants and clearly demonstrated that there was a strong correlation between auxin-induced gene expression and the activation of cell division.

• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.30-39
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• 2017

Purpose: The aim of this study was to explore the association between psychosocial work environments and depressive symptoms among Korean registered nurses. Methods: The study population of 331 registered nurses was derived from the 2014 Korean Working Condition Survey (KWCS). Depressive symptom was assessed using the WHO-5 wellbeing index. Results: The thirty-five percentage of Korean registered nurses reported the risk for depressive symptom. Korean nurses with higher 'work-family conflict' were more likely at the risk of depression almost 1.83 (95% CI 1.04~3.20) times than their counterpart. Higher 'possibilities for development' were more likely decrease almost 60% of the risk of depressive symptom. Conclusion: Work-family conflict and possibility of development were associated with depressive symptom among Korean registered nurses. We suggest future researches identifying strategies for decreasing work-family conflict and its negative effects.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.45-64
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• 2020

Purpose This study was to develop and study 'Diagnostic Index for the Ordinary Symptom of Soyangin'. Methods The main diagnosis and evaluation index symptoms of Soyangin were extracted based on 『Donguisusebowon』 and Clinical Practice Guidelines for Sasang Constitutional Medicine Symptomatology; CPG for soyangin. The selected ordinary symptoms were divided into 4 categories such as Exterior-Cold ordinary symptom (表寒素證), Exterior-Disease unfavorable's ordinary symptom (表病逆證素證), Interior-Heat ordinary symptom (裏熱素證), Interior-Disease unfavorable's ordinary symptom (裏病逆證素證) of Soyangin and translated into Korean. And the inclusion, importance and translation validity of major diagnosis and assessment indicators of Soyangin were surveyed online by a group of Sasang constitutional experts. Results & Conclusions 29 ordinary symptoms and pathological mechanism were selected from references and translated into 51 Korean symptoms. After inclusion yes or no survey by expert group, 45 symptoms were selected. The importance survey showed that 'Have a soft stool' of Exterior-Cold ordinary symptom indication, '(If you're stressed, if you're not in good health) Have a soft stool or diarrhea' of Exterior-Disease unfavorable's ordinary symptom, 'The feces harden easily' of Interior-Heat ordinary symptom and '(If you're stressed, if you're not in good health) Have an upset stomach' of Interior-Disease unfavorable's ordinary symptom were the most important. Finally, [Diagnostic Index for the Ordinary Symptom of Soyangin] was completed after survey of translation validity, reflection of individual opinions by the expert committee, and application of weighted value calculated from the importance survey.