• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제20권9호
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• pp.638-647
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• 2020

본 연구는 인간학 주제 중의 하나인 고통에 대하여 기존 철학적 접근을 넘어 그리스도교 신학적 입장에서 성찰하여, 고통이 부정적 경험으로만 남지 않고, 삶의 긍정적인 원동력으로서 인격적 성숙에 도달할 수 있는 희망의 매개체가 될 수 있음을 제시한다. '고통과 희망의 관계 안에서 조화'라는 새로운 의미 지평을 발견함으로써 고통의 존재 이유와 의미에 관한 인간학 콘텐츠를 심화시키는 것을 목표로 한다. 욥기는 고통을 인간이 지은 죄에 대한 벌로써 정당화하는 신정론적 개념을 부정하고, 하느님과의 인격적 관계 속에서 하느님 사랑을 체험할 수 있는 희망의 공간으로 이해하는 새로운 지평을 연다. 신학자 몰트만은 고통의 신학에서 욥기가 발견한 지평을 두 가지 측면에서 심화시킨다. 첫째, 부활한 예수 그리스도가 악과 고통에 대한 최종적인 승리를 가져올 종말론적 미래의 희망 안에서 현재 역사를 해석하고, 이 해석을 통해 드러나는 부조리와 고통에 실천적으로 저항하도록 초대한다. 둘째, 고통의 문제를 그리스도의 십자가 사건 안에서 발견되는 인간을 위한 사랑으로 인해 능동적인 수난까지 감수하는 삼위일체론 속에서 성찰하고, 그 하느님 사랑의 힘으로 고통을 극복할 수 있다는 또 다른 희망을 제시한다. 그러므로 그리스도 신앙은 고통과 희망이 대립적인 단어가 아니라, 고통 속에서 희망할 수 있음을 고백한다.

• 대한지역사회작업치료학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.59-73
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• 2014

목적 : 본 연구는 세월호 사건으로 가족을 잃은 피해자 가족의 고통 체험에 대해 알아보고 피해자 가족의 정신적 외상에 대한 작업치료의 필요성을 제시하고자 하였다. 연구방법 : 세월호 사건으로 가족을 잃은 대상자 5명의 고통 체험을 확인하고자 Parse의 인간되어감 연구방법을 적용하였다. Parse의 연구 방법 패러다임에 따라 세월호 사건으로 가족을 잃은 고통 체험을 다룬 다큐 영상인 2차 자료를 선택하여 분석하였다. 결과 : 세월호 사건으로 가족을 잃은 가족의 고통 체험에 대한 세 개의 핵심구조는 1) 가족을 잃은 절망과 슬픔, 2) 일상이 무너져 내리는 듯한 무력감과 죄책감, 3) 남아있는 가족을 바라보며 고통에서 벗어나고 싶은 마음으로 나타났다. 구조적인 전환은 세월호 사건으로 가족을 잃은 애통함과 슬픔 속에서 압도적인 무력감을 느끼지만 희생된 가족이 세상에 없다는 것을 인정하고 싶지 않은 현실 부인과 살아있는 가족을 보면서 버티어 나가는 과정으로 제시되었다. 개념적 통합은 가치화와 언어화를 연결-분리, 노출-은폐하면서 강화시켜 나아가는 과정으로 표현되었다. 결론 : 세월호 사건으로 가족을 잃은 피해자 가족의 고통 체험은 무기력과 절망, 우울의 감정으로 인해 삶의 의미와 목적을 잃은 상태이다. 가족들에게 의미있는 작업을 통한 중재 프로그램을 개발하여 무너진 일상의 회복과 지역사회 참여를 향상시킬 수 있는 작업치료 중재가 필요하며 이에 기초자료로 활용할 수 있다.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.127-135
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• 2016

목적: 본 연구의 목적은 암환자 가족의 고통체험의 구조를 밝혀 이론적 기초를 개발하고 암환자 및 그 가족을 위한 임상간호에 기여하고자 한다. 방법: 본 연구는 Parse의 인간되어감 연구방법을 적용한 질적 연구이다. 대상자들은 암환자를 돌보고 있는 가족으로 4명이었다. 자료는 2009년 2월부터 2010년 4월까지 연구자와 참여자의 '너와 나'의 관계형성을 통해 수집하였고, 추출-종합과 발견적 해석 단계를 거치는 과정으로 분석하였다. 결과: 분석결과 다음과 같은 구조를 확인하였다: 암환자 가족의 고통 체험은 암 진단으로 인한 충격과 가족관계에서의 역할부담으로 힘겨워하나 정성껏 돌보며 노력하는 과정이었다. 결론: 암환자 가족의 고통체험은 인간-건강-우주의 과정에 초점을 두고 충격과 슬픔, 아픔, 불안, 죄책감, 두려움, 고통의 경험 속에서 사랑, 극복, 책임, 희망을 향해 자신의 경험에 의미를 부여하며 긍정적으로 변형되어가는 인간되어감의 과정으로 확인되었다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.331-341
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• 2000

Since cancer is not easily curable, patients who suffer from cancer may have physical, psychological and spiritual problems for the rest of their lives. Especially when cancer patients do not have much to live for and are placing a burden on their family they will experience more suffering emotionally as much as physically. This study was conducted to provide a basis of data for nursing intervention strategies to minimize a cancer patient`s suffering and to understand the relationship between suffering, burden and the meaning of life in cancer patients. The samples were composed of 160 cancer patients who were inpatients or outpatients of two university hospitals and two general hospitals in Seoul. Data collection were carried out from January, 25, 1999 to February, 26, 1999. The data were analyzed using a SAS program for descriptive statistics, pearson correlations, ANOVA, and Duncan tests. The results were as follows; 1. The scores on the two suffering scale ranged from 132 to 40 with a mean of 87.3(SD 17.5). The mean scores on the burden scale is 28.9(SD 6.9) and the score of the meaning of life ranged from 35 to 51 with a mean of 95.6(SD 18.4). 2. There were significant correlations between the amount of suffering and the magnitude of burden (r=.74, p=.00), the suffering and the meaning of life (r=-.59, p=.00) and the burden and meaning of life (r=-.61, p=.00). 3. In the degree of the suffering, the burden and the meaning of life were two very strong factors, the level of the suffering in cancer patients by age (F=2.64, p=.03) and education level (F=4.16, p=.00). The level of the burden in cancer patients differed by education level (F=4.70, p=.00) and type of cancer (F=2.97, p= .03). Also the level of the meaning of life in cancer patients was different by education level (F=3.55, p=.02). In conclusion, the burden and the meaning of life was identified as important variable that is contributed to reduce the suffering of cancer patients.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.695-706
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• 2015

Purpose: This study was aimed to explore and describe the disease experience of Korean women with eating disorders within psychological and sociocultural context. Methods: The participants were 12 young adult women suffering with eating disorders or have recovered from the diseases. Data were collected via in-depth interviews and analyzed according to the grounded theory methodology by Strauss and Corbin. Results: The core category of the disease experience was 'becoming the master of life through desperate efforts'. The disease experience was categorized into five different phases including 'falling under the influence of others', 'collapsing the self: life swallowed by loosening weight', 'facing the wrecked self', 'struggling between the self and others', 'truly facing the self'. The intervening conditions were various supporting systems such as 'support from family', 'economic support' and 'support from trustworthy health professionals'. Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that it is necessary to develop nursing interventions to support women with eating disorders and alleviate their suffering from eating disorders. Also specialized educational programs are warranted to prevent the eating disorders, and to reduce social stigma of eating disorders.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.409-419
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe and explore the experience process of life of patients with Crohn's disease. Methods: Using a grounded theory methodology, 24 interviews were performed with 7 men and 5 women, 17-47 years of age, suffering from Crohn's disease. Results: 'Tuning of two conflicting lives' was identified as the core category, and 5 subcategories were identified and they were integrated into the core category. The identified outcomes were 'Living a withdrawn life', 'coping flexibly', 'drifting with tangled emotions' and 'maintaining long-term remission'. Conclusion: When caring for these patients, it is important to identify needs, allow patients to express what they want at that moment and support them in maintaining a daily life that can be perceived as normal.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.706-709
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• 1987

From December 1981 to June 1987, thirty one patients suffering from low output syndrome after cardiac operation received cardiac assist with intraaortic balloon pump. Fifteen patients survived [survival rate 48.4%]. After receiving assist with IABP, urine output increased, heart rate and central venous pressure decreased, reflecting improved myocardial performance. Poor preoperative hemodynamic and functional status resulted in poor survival despite of assist with IABP. Poor pre-IABP hemodynamic status also resulted in high mortality after assist with IABP. Our experience suggests that IABP should be introduced early in the course of worsening to get good result.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.377-385
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• 2006

Purpose: This study was to understand the life experiences of adolescents who were the object of group bullying. Method: Data collection and analysis was done by the Colaizzi method. Data were collected by interviewing the participants and by further follow-up observations. Ten adolescents participated in the study. At that time five of them had already overcome the situation, three were still in a difficult situation and the other two participants were in a temporary absence from school. Results: In the analysis 109 significant statements, 31 themes, 12 clusters of themes and 5 categories emerged. The 5 categories are as follows ; feeling inferiority, not being cared for, loneliness, suffering pain and building a relationship and resignation. The 12 clusters of themes are as follows ; dejection, not being sturdy, mal-function of the family, indifference of the society, loneliness, vexation, suffering, grievance, positive intervention of a support system, exertion, harmonizing and abandonment. Conclusions: The results of this study will help professionals to understand these adolescents. Approaching them from the point of view of the whole man, can also be a practical methode for teaching.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.331-341
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• 2004

Purpose: This study was conducted to explore the experience of unwed mothers, to describe the structure of the understanding of this experience for mothers and to explore nursing interventions for this situation. Methods: The subjects were 4 unwed mothers. The data was collected by in-depth interviews and participant observations from February 2004 to June 2004. Each person was interviewed 4-5times, taking about one and a half hours for each session. Data was analyzed by the phenomenological method suggested by Giorgi. Result: The understanding of the experience of unwed mothers resulted in "lightness of sexual cognition", "knowledge deficit of pregnancy", "suffering form pregnancy", "ambivalence of the situation", "appearance of mothering", "worrying about society's view". Conclusion: Sex education programs, a one-round, formal lecture-type education is presently dominant, so that education and training programs can be systematized at school and home. The difficult point for unwed mothers to endure is that society doesn't accept them; therefore, we have to change our point of view, and try to work out the problems.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.663-675
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the life experiences of patients with a severe Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Methods: The data were collected through in-depth interviews of six patients suffering from severe COPD. The interviewed data were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim and checked for accuracy. The Giorgi method of phenomenology was used for analyzing data. Results: Eight themes forming the, units of meaning, were: Repeated and Unpredictable Suffering of Dyspnea, Confidence Loss/Exhaustion Life due to non-efficient breathing, Gradually Deprived Liberty, Absolute Being to Sustaining my life, Source of Burden but Significant Person I am in the Family, Endless Tug-of-War-Capability/Endeavor to Breath, Longing for my Life, and Dead-end of breathing. Conclusion: The study results provide an in-depth understanding of life experiences of patients suffering from severe COPD. The findings will be useful to nurses caring for this population.