• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.53-64
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• 2004

Today's enterprises take processes beyond their own organizational boundaries in order to electronically trade goods and services with partners under the concept of B2B e-commerce. In this environment, inter-organizational business processes are required and should be well defined not only in public processes between partners but in private processes within individual partners. For this purpose, we propose the method to represent inter-organizational business processes. First of all, a feasible modeling method for the inter-organizational workflow for B2B e-commerce is developed. This method is proposed based on BPSS in ebXML so that the binary and multiparty collaborations share a common process. In this method, message flows and control flows are separated in order to facilitate the design procedure of the inter-organizational workflow process. Second, a well-structured process modeling algorithm to design a well-structured inter-organizational workflow process is proposed. In the algorithm, a process is transformed to a Petri-net-based process model. This algorithm employs well-behaved modeling blocks, well-behaved control structures, and business transactions to develop well-structured process models by a top-down design.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.850-858
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• 2022

To deploy Gate Recurrent Units (GRU) on resource-constrained embedded devices, this paper presents a reconfigurable FPGA-based GRU accelerator that enables structured compression. Firstly, a dense GRU model is significantly reduced in size by hybrid quantization and structured top-k pruning. Secondly, the energy consumption on external memory access is greatly reduced by the proposed reuse computing pattern. Finally, the accelerator can handle a structured sparse model that benefits from the algorithm-hardware co-design workflows. Moreover, inference tasks can be flexibly performed using all functional dimensions, sequence length, and number of layers. Implemented on the Intel DE1-SoC FPGA, the proposed accelerator achieves 45.01 GOPs in a structured sparse GRU network without batching. Compared to the implementation of CPU and GPU, low-cost FPGA accelerator achieves 57 and 30x improvements in latency, 300 and 23.44x improvements in energy efficiency, respectively. Thus, the proposed accelerator is utilized as an early study of real-time embedded applications, demonstrating the potential for further development in the future.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.30 no.1_2
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• pp.140-152
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• 2003

An XML document has a structure which may be irregular. It is difficult for end-users to comprehend the irregular document structure exactly. For these XML documents, an end-user has a difficulty in using structured query. Therefore, an end-user formulates no structured query or a query which has a little structure information. In this context, we propose new retrieval models which use the structured information for ranking and compensate the difference between user query structure and document structure. To ease with querying, we assume the independence among querying paths which represent structural constraints. Since this assumption makes degradation of the expression power of a query language, we also propose a model which overcome this problem. As there had been no test collections for XML documents, we made a small test collection from TIPSTER of the RTEC and experimented on this collection without a structured query, From this experiment, we showed that our models improve average precision about 67% over conventional Vector-Space model.

• The Journal of Information Technology
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.89-100
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• 2001

XML (extensible Markup Language) is selected and published as a representative standard of electronic documents by W3C (World Wide Web Consortium). The structured information can be created and also transferred in XML documents. By utilizing XML, you can express the meaningful information unit as a structure comparing existed file typed information. With structured information, you can also manage retrieve, and reposit documents. According to the above facts, in this paper, it is the purpose to design and implement XML documents repository system to reposit and retrieve using structured information of XML documents. As a model it was designed to be stored by element unit which is the basic unit of documents and was also designed to retrieve the stored XML information by structured unit. It was, especially, designed to manage and reposit the structure of various documents effectively through creating schema as to DTD(Document Type Definition) and instance.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.315-329
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• 2010

This study focused on analysis of the satisfaction level of specialty shops for environment-friendly agricultural products (EFAP). To analyze the satisfaction level of EF AP, a series of household surveys were conducted. Questionnaire was prepared on the basis of the SERVQUAL model and the structural equation modeling was made on the basis of the contents surveyed. The main results of this study are summarized as follows. Firstly, tangibles structured with store clearance, neat uniform, information and others is the factor of service quality satisfaction. Secondly, reliability structured with service practice, problem solving, and service in accurate time is the factor of service quality satisfaction. Thirdly, assurance structured with the reliability of employees, sufficient knowledge of employees, courteous and good manner is the factor of service quality satisfaction. Fourthly, responsiveness structured with prompt service, voluntary help, customer response service and the like is the factor of service quality satisfaction. Fifthly, the sympathy structured in interest for each customer, provision of service in time convenient to use, encountering the customers with genuine feeling are the factors of service quality satisfaction. And sixthly, the service satisfaction factors would influence on the consumer behavior factors.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.71-80
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• 1988

The primary purpose of this study is to develop an automation tool capable of converting the specification of structured analysis into that of structured design. Structured Analysis and Structured Design Language (SASDL) is a computer-aided description language based on ERA model and particulariged by ISLDM/SEM. The automation tool utilizes the specifications of data flow diagram described in SASDL to produce their corresponding SASDL specification of structure chart. The main idea behind the automatic conversion process is to categorize the bubbles in data flow diagram and to determine the positions of the bubbles in structure chart according to their categories and the relative locations in data flow diagram. To make the problem into manageable size, the whole system is broken down into separate parts called activity units. A great deal of manual jobs, such as checking processes leveling, checking data derivation of processes, deriving structure chart from data flow diagram, checking any inconsistency between data flow diagram and structure chart and so forth, can be automated by using SASDL and conversion tool. The specification of structure chart derived by conversion tool may be used in an initial step of design to be refined by SASDL users.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1997.10a
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• pp.422-425
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• 1997

We consider the robust control problem for nonminimum phase(NMP) systems with parametric uncertainty which appear often in aircraft and missile control. First, a new method that makes such an uncertain NMP system to be factored as a interval minimum phase(MP) transfer function and a time delay term in the Pade approximation form has been presented. The controller to be proposed consists of a compensator $C_{Q}$(s) with Smith predictor in the internal model control(IMC) structure, so that it can have good robustness and performance against the structured uncertainty and the time delay behaviour due to NMP plant the $C_{Q}$(s) is designed on the MP model by using QFT. The stability and performance of overall system has been evaluated by the generalized Kharitonov theorem.rem.

• Korean Management Science Review
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.81-93
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• 2003

These days we come across many wicked problems whose solutions are beyond individuals intellectual ability. These problems can be resolved through collaborative group interaction. We developed an internet-based asynchronous group interaction support system, after looking into the collaborative problem solving process and the IBIS (Issue-Based Information System) argumentation model. It has the following characteristics ; 1) it is developed based on the modified IBIS model which is a model for group interaction to resolve wicked problems ; 2) it supports both processes of seeking and comparing solutions, while most similar systems do not have a feature to support the latter process ; 3) different structures can be defined dynamically according to the purpose of group interaction, so that it could be used for collaborative problem solving in a specific domain. To show the usability of the system, we carried out an experiment, whose result is shown at the end.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics B
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• v.30B no.11
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• pp.93-101
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• 1993

The transfer function of vector-controlled induction motor is represented along with both unstructured and structured uncertainty such as the error of rotor time constant and current ripple. The low-pass-filter behavior of a magnetizing inductance gets rid of unstructured uncertainty in the transfer function. The robust controller to compensate variation of the transfer function is designed using simple P-I linear controllers. The coefficients of speed PI controller are determined from an overshoot and a rising time of system and the coefficients of model-following PI controller are obtained using the solution of Riccati equation of LQR control in the state space equation of the error system. Experimental results with the DSP-based model-following robust controller are shown a good robustness against the structured uncertainty of the motor.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2000.05a
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• pp.284-291
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• 2000

Interlocking software used in the electronic interlocking has been implemented through the structured approach until now. But there was the demerit that interlocking software has some problem in the standardization and the maintenance because of the limit in structured approach. Object-Oriented method overcoming this demerit was specified in the design step and the analysis step. There were object model, dynamic model and functional model in the analysis step and there were also two steps which were system design and object design in the design step. In this paper, Interlocking software was designed using Object-Oriented method to improve the standardization and the maintenance of the electronic interlocking. The electronic interlocking was analyzed with object modeling, dynamic modeling and functional modeling.