• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.232-235
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• 1982

산성(酸性)식품의 통조림가공에서의 에너지절감방안의 수립을 위하여 복숭아통조림 가공중에서의 에너지 소비를 조사하였다. 복숭아 가공에서의 에너지 소요량(所要量)을 조사하고 각 공정별 전기 및 열에너지 사용량(使用量)을 측정하였다. 복숭아 통조림가공에서의 에너지 소요량은 원료 1kg 기준 열에너지 864kcal, 전기에너지 0.045kcal가 각각 소요되었으며 이중 88%가 열에너지이었다. 복숭아14ton/day에 대하여 2060kg의 씨등의 폐기물과 1510kg의 저등품이 생산되었고 6240kg의 주입액즙이 소요되었다. 주(主)에너지소비공정은 저온살균(53%) 알칼리박피(35%) 순(順)이었다. 사용되는 증기의 건도는 라인별 차이없이 $87{\sim}88%$이고 저온살균에서 가열효율은 23%이었다.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.172-176
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• 1999

길경의 품질평가 기준으로 활용하고 있는 crude saponin 함량 변화를 밝히고 고품질 약재생산 및 가공을 위한 기초자료를 얻고자 생육년수, 부위, 수확시기, 및 건조방법별로 조사포닌 함량을 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. Crude saponin 함량은 생육년수가 증가함에 따라 점점 감소하였다. 부위별로는 미부에서 2.74%로 두부 1.65%보다 1.6배 높았으며, 외피가 내심보다 1.8배 높았다. 수확시기별로는 3월과 12월에 수확했을 때가 각각 2.82, 2.74%이었으며 6월과 9월은 각각 2.12, 2.09%이었다. 건조방법별로는 증건했을 때 가 1.65%로 가장 낮았고 양건, 음건, 열풍건 및 원적외선 건조에서는 차이가 없었다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.479-490
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• 2005

The thermalhydraulic performance of a CANDU-6 reactor loaded with various CANFLEX fuel bundles is evaluated by the NUCIRC code, which is incorporated with recent models of pressure drop and critical heat flux (CHF) predictions based on high-pressure steam-water tests for the CANFLEX bundle as well as a 37-element bundle. The distributions of channel flow rate, channel exit quality, critical channel power (CCP), and critical power ratio (CPR) for the CANFLEX bundles (with natural or recycled uranium fuel) in the CANDU-6 reactor fuel channel are calculated by the code. The effects of axial and radial heat flux on CCP are evaluated by assuming that the recycled uranium fuel (CANFLEX-RU) has the same geometric data as the natural uranium fuel bundle (CANFLEX-NU), but a different power distribution due to different fuel composition and refueling scheme. In addition, the effects of pressure tube creep and bearing-pad height are examined by comparing various results of uncrept, and $3.3\%\;and\;5.1\%$ crept channels loaded with CANFLEX bundles with 1.4 mm or 1.7 mm high bearing-pads with those of the 37-element bundle. The distributions of the channel flow rate and CCP for the CANFLEX-NU or -RU bundle show a typical trend for a CANDU-6 reactor channel, and the CPRs are maintained above at least 1.444 (NU) or 1.455 (RU) in the uncrept channel. The enhanced CHF of the CANFLEX bundle (particularly with 1.7mm height bearing-pads) produces a higher thermal margin and considerably less sensitivity to CCP reduction due to the pressure tube creep than the 37-element bundle. The CCP enhancement due to the raised bearing-pads is estimated to be about $3\%\~5\%$ for the CANFLEX-NU and $2\%\~6\%$ for the CANFLEX-RU bundle, respectively.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제19권7호
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• pp.39-44
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• 2005

고연료 중 대부분이 수소와 탄소의 결합물이다. 연료들은 엔진 내부에서 완전 연소되었을 경우는 수분인 증기와 $CO_2$가 발생된다. 그러나 대개 불완전 연소가 일어나 $NO_x$나 Smoke가 발생되어진다. 그리고 이 물질은 인해에 매우 해로운 물질들이다. 본 논문에서는 EGR과 상용주파수를 이용한 플라즈마 장치를 조합하여 배기가스 유해물질 제거 특성을 연구하였다. $NO_x$의 경우에는 전압과 EGR율이 증가할수록 유해물질 제거 특성이 우수하였고, Smoke의 경우에는 EGR 율이 증가하게 되면 Smoke의 발생율이 증가하였으나 전압이 증가하게 되면 발생율이 감소하였다.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제5권6호
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• pp.697-703
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• 2002

본 논문에서는 QoS가 안정적으로 보장되지 않는 현재의 인터넷 환경 하에서 최상의 서비스를 제공하기 위해 SPIHT 기반 비디오 신호에 대한 적응적 멀티스트림 전송기법을 제안한다. 이러한 방식은 비동기적인 패킷망에서 비디오 스트림의 신뢰성 있는 전송과 연속재생을 위해 TCP 상에서 적응적 프레일 패턴 제어와 멀티스트림을 이용하여 전송한다. 적응적 프레임 패턴 제어는 네트워크 상태에 따른 클라이언트의 버퍼링 상태에 따라 전송할 정보를 스케일러블하게 조절하는 방식이며, 멀티스트림 전송은 TCP상에서 스트림의 전송 성능 향상과 네트워크의 지터에 강하며, 클라이언트가 가진 대역폭을 최대로 활용할 수 있는 고품질의 서비스를 제공한다. 실험결과 기존의 단일 스트림 전송인 경우보다 제안한 적응적 멀티스트림 전송의 경우 DR(delay ratio)이 0에 근접하게 나타나 최상의 서비스가 가능함을 알 수 있었다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제52권4호
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• pp.846-855
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• 2020

A loose part monitoring system is used to detect unexpected loose parts in a reactor coolant system in a nuclear power plant. It is still necessary to develop a new methodology for the localization and mass estimation of loose parts owing to the high estimation error of conventional methods. In addition, model-based diagnostics recently emphasized the importance of a model describing the behavior of a mechanical system or component. The purpose of this study is to propose a new localization and mass-estimation method based on finite element analysis (FEA) and optimization technique. First, an FEA model to simulate the propagation behavior of the bending wave generated by a metal sphere impact is validated by performing an impact test and a corresponding FEA and optimization for a downsized steam-generator structure. Second, a novel methodology based on FEA and optimization technique was proposed to estimate the impact location and mass of a loose part at the same time. The usefulness of the methodology was then validated through a series of FEAs and some blind tests. A new feature vector, the cross-correlation function, was also proposed to predict the impact location and mass of a loose part, and its usefulness was then validated. It is expected that the proposed methodology can be utilized in model-based diagnostics for the estimation of impact parameters such as the mass, velocity, and impact location of a loose part. In addition, the FEA-based model can be used to optimize the sensor position to improve the collected data quality in the site of nuclear power plants.

• 한국건설관리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건설관리학회 2004년도 제5회 정기학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.246-249
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• 2004

최근 국내 건설경기의 회복세가 뚜렷해지고 건설취업자수도 증가세를 보이고 있으나 인력수급의 양적, 질적 불균형 양상이 나타나고 있고, 경제위기를 겪으면서 건설 생산 방식과 인력 활용 방식이 과도기적 양상을 나타낸다. 또한 기능인력에 대한 수요 증가와 구조적인 공급 부족 현상은 임금 상승을 가속화시켜왔으며, 생산성과 공기 조절을 비롯한 건설 생산활동 전반에 지대한 파급효과를 미치며 건설 인력 수급의 불균형 상태는 부문별로 상이한 취업구조의 변화를 야기한다. 본 연구에서는 기존에 조사된 각 연도의 건설업 임금실태 조사를 비교분석하여 건설인력수급현황을 분석하고 건설 수급 여건에 따른 건설 인력의 취업구조를 파악하여 취업구조 변화의 특성을 살펴보고 시사점을 도출한다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.77-85
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• 2010

The Therme Vals is a hotel and spa which combines a complete sensory experience designed by Peter Zumthor. This study aims to find emotional design approaches of the Therme Vals through references, observation from site visit, interview and discussion related to this topic. This space was designed for visitors to luxuriate and rediscover the ancient benefits of bathing. The combinations of light and shade, open and enclosed spaces and linear elements make for a highly sensuous and restorative experience. The study observed the emotional design characteristics of the Therme Vals through space approach, aesthetic and experiential sides. For space approach side, emotional experience in gradual process to approach the space was mentioned, for aesthetic side, mystical combination of light, stone and water was observed, for experiential side, 5 senses experience and space programing for adjusting the density of the space were observed. This study found that the spa has the quality of spiritual, soul-touching delight like religious experience. The fascination for the mystic qualities of a world of stone within the mountain, for darkness and light, for light reflections on the water or in the steam saturated air, pleasure in the unique acoustics of the bubbling water in a world of stone, the ritual of bathing-all these notions were explained in Peter Zumthor's construction details. In the result of the interview and discussion, people love the space and praised it highly for the emotional design regardless of space experience, age, sex or ethnicity. Emotional design approaches based on human nature, materiality, and memory of the places is more powerful than other emotional design ideas with technical devices, special themes, digital effects, vivid colors and shapes.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.265-274
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• 2011

Nowadays, the importance of non-point source pollution treatment is being emphasized. Especially, the easy runoff characteristic of highly concentrated pollutants in the roads makes the circumstance more complicated due to impermeability of roads. When the pollutants flow into steam it could make water quality in stream worse and it also causes a bad influence in the aquatic ecosystem because the effluents of rainfall-runoff may contain indecomposable materials like oil and heavy metals. Therefore, we tried to figure out the property of non-point source pollution when it is raining and carried out an assessment for the property of runoff for non-point source pollution and EMC (Event Mean Concentrations) of the essential pollutants during this study. As the result of the study, the EMC was BOD 5.2~21.7 mg/L, COD 7.5~35.4 mg/L, TSS 71.5~466.1 mg/L, T-N 0.682~1.789 mg/L and T-P 0.174~0.378 mg/L, respectively. The decreasing rate of non-point pollutant in Chungyang-Hongsung road indicates the maximum decrease of 80% until 5 mm of rainfall based on SS concentration; by the rainy time within 20~30 minutes, the decreasing rate of SS concentration was shown as 88.0~97.6%. Therefore it was concluded that it seems to be possibly control non-point pollutants if we install equipments to treat non-point pollutants with holding capacity of 30 min. It is supposed that the result of this study could be used for non-point pollutants treatment of roads in Chungyang-Hongsung area. We also want to systematically study and consistently prepare the efficient management of runoff from non-point source pollution and pollutant loading because the characteristics of non-point source pollution runoff changes depending on different characteristics and situations of roads and rainfall.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.127-149
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• 2005

This study is designed to investigate the method of manufacturing herbal acupuncture through literature of oriental medicine. The findings of this study are as follows; 1. The methods of manufacturing herbal acupuncture go through the process of abstraction, purification, mixing, filtration, putting and tight sealing in the container, sterilization, quality control, printing and packing 2. There are many ways to manufacturing herbal acupuncture, for example water-alcohol precipitation, alcohol-water precipitation, liquid-liquid abstract, acid-base abstract, metal base precipitation, distillation, molecular structure, polyamide absorption, dialysis, and ion exchange, etc. And popular method is water-alcohol precipitation. This is through alcohol precipitate extracting the principal ingredients from water abstraction. This is very simple and efficient way using melting characteristics of compounds in herb to water and ethanol. 3. Sterilization of herbal acupuncture is through heating-pressure, boiling, steam flowing, low temperature, filtering, radiation, cooling, and microwaves. Nowadays filtering is commonly used. And sterilization is estimated by an examination of asepsis . 4. Herbal acupuncture must be undergo study and experiment to clinical use. The problems of herbal acupuncture are turbidity, instability, causing hemolysis, pain, and fever. So many provisions (addition, sterilization, and filtration etc.) must be prepared. 5. The theory of manufacturing herbal acupuncture is from oriental medicine, not western. So it must be corresponded to oriental medical theory, for example Gimi(氣味), Guigyung(歸經), Ingyung(引經), Bosa(補瀉), and Match of Herb. It is recommended that further study of many other sided investigations in the future.