• Proceedings of the Korean Reliability Society Conference
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• 2001.06a
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• pp.376-383
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• 2001

This study reviewed the national standards for risk management to judge whether they are suitable for a product safety management program. Among the standards issued from Australia, New Zealand, Canada, Japan, and UK, the risk management guideline (AS/NZS 4360: 2000) issued jointly from both Australia and New Zealand have better features of product safety management program such as a broad definition of risk concept including opportunities of loss and gain, stepwise composition of processes applicable iteratively, and integrable composition of processes for the existing other management practice. Comparing the three product safety management programs suggested by several authors yielded common features of product safety management program model: (1) organization for product safety, (2) risk identification, (3) risk evaluation, (4) risk treatment, (5) monitoring/communication, and (6) documentation. All of these activities can be performed within risk management framework.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.51-61
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to investigate EU, UK and USA's laws and standards related to safety criteria for commercial kitchen machines. The study was based on literature survey and web surfing. The results revealed that EU has relevant directives by kitchen machines and harmonized standards according to the directives. The directives and harmonized standards are translated into the laws and standards of EU member countries, respectively. The kitchen facility relevant legal systems of UK and USA do not prescribe the safety devices or measures, but only the basic health and safety requirements. The requirements were forcefully implemented through the certificate systems such as CE(Confommite European), UL(Underwriters Laboratories), etc. Only products with CE, UL or NRTL(ationally Recognized Testing Laboratory) certificate marking can be placed on the market of EU and USA, or put into service. For achieving the certificates, all requirements regulated in the relevant standards should be met. The standards of UK and USA were presented by kitchen machines or by standards themselves, respectively. Safety devices required by the standards were also summarized by kitchen machines and their risk factors.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.609-622
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• 2020

With the development of society, the scale of the statute is not only increasing, but also the content is getting complicated. The scale of safety standards existing in the law is also increasing and specialized, making it difficult to integrate and manage to minimize conflicts or overlaps among safety standards. For the integrated management of safety standards, a technology that searches for and extracts safety standards in laws and regulations must first be secured. In this study, considering the limitations of time and manpower, a tool for automatic detection of safety standards is developed based on several specific cases. The safety standards classified in the previous studies and the safety standards announced by the Ministry of Interior and Safety were analyzed, and also statute information which includes safety standards extracted by the National Disaster Management Institute in 2018 was collected. After the collected laws were refined and morphological analysis was performed, a safety standard thesaurus was constructed and indexed to develop a safety standard search tool. When automatic search tools are routinely applied to find safety standards in the future, it is expected that these tools will help to solve overlapping or conflicting problems of complex safety standards.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.63-75
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• 2014

The paper investigates empirically the determinants of standardization activity at the industry level, focusing on market structure. The enactments or amendments of collective standards is used as the proxy variable for standardization activity. The independent variables, in addition to market structure, are technological opportunity, factor intensity, export ratio, and industry characteristics(assembly). We estimated the logistic regression model(so-called Logit), using the pooling data for 9 Korean industries, including foods, textiles, chemicals, nonmetallic minerals, metals, electronics and electrics, machinery, automobiles, and shipbuilding, over 2006-2009. The empirical finding shows that market structure has no any effects on the enactments or amendments of collective standards in Korea. This might infer that oligopolistic firms devote themselves to de facto standards determined by market rather than de jure standards such as collective standards and Korean Standards(KS). Besides market structure variable, whereas technological opportunity and assembly characteristics are likely to relate positively with the enactments or amendments of collective standards, capital intensity and export ratio have no any relationship with industrial standardization, respectively.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.10 no.11
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• pp.353-366
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• 2019

As social standards have been subdivided and specialized due to social development, the number of related laws has also increased gradually, resulting in problems of duplication or conflict within the laws. After collecting all the safety standards that exist in Korea's legislation, it is necessary to analyze the characteristics of safety standards to find duplicate or conflicting issues. In this study, the characteristics of safety standards were divided into structural parts and lexical parts by extracting common elements that appear in all safety standards and singular points that appear only in specific safety standards. As a result of the analysis, two structural properties of safety standard were found and four lexical features were derived. The impact of these characteristics on future systems for managing safety standards was also reviewed. Based on this study, when more structural and lexical features of safety standards are accumulated in the future, it is possible to develop efficient algorithms to collect and analyze safety standards, which will help solve the problem of duplication and conflict of safety standards in the law.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Information Management Conference
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• 1999.08a
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• pp.181-184
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• 1999

This study has described information literacy standards have been chosen for teaching students the methods for developing the information competency, closely connected with other subjects in school curriculums beyond the traditional school library users education. According to the Bloom's educational objective texonomy, the information literacy standards have been classified into two domains, cognitive domain and affective domain, and investigated. Desirable information literacy standards have been developed and chosen.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.75-84
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• 2010

Recently, foreign labor standards accreditation system has been emerged as more firms outsource manufacturing works to global vendors focused manufacturing. This paper discuss and compare three major private labor accreditation systems and evaluate what kind of problems may emerge if they become the major global standards for labor practices. This paper concludes that private labor standards accreditation system needs more transparency in the process and should improve accountability by including other stakeholders in the process.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.85 no.3
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• pp.360-371
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• 1996

In order to manage forest recreation resources effectively, it is necessary to establish objective and quantifiable evaluative standards. They can be used to evaluate the present management conditions of recreation resources and to monitor the conditions continuously on the basis of the established evaluative standards. Normative approach is one of alternatives to help establish evaluative standards. Researchers and forest managers have been interested in the approach, and its usefulness in managing recreation resources has been emphasized. This paper evaluated the present conditions of the campgrounds on the basis of users' normative evaluative standards using the data collected by on-site survey at two campgrounds (Baemsagol Campground and Second Campground) in Chiri-Mountain National Park in 1.993. This paper established evaluative standards for eight impact indicators using normative approach, and it evaluated the present management conditions of the campgrounds on the basis of them. The present management conditions for noise time and littering behavior were worse than the evaluative standards at Baemsagol and Second Campground. Present conditions for inconsiderate behavior, number of tents, number of campers, and waiting time for using water supply were worse than the evaluative standards only at Baemsagol Campground. The present management conditions for distance between tents and waiting time for using restroom were better than the evaluative standards at both campgrounds. This study introduced how normative approach can be used to establish evaluative standards, and based on the study result, some management directions were suggested.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.21 no.3 s.75
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• pp.127-136
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• 2006

In 2002 Product Liability Act newly got into effect in Korea so that efforts for Product Safety got a new chance to promote safety standardization. Under the supervision of the Korean Agency for Technology and Standards (ATS) and the Korea Standards Association (KSA), the enterprise titled "Standardization of Product Safety" took the first step in 2000. Thenceforth a lot of standards and guidelines for product safety have been developed. The results of the enterprise were in the type of technical manual as well as report, technical guidelines, and specific technical safety standards. In this paper, the authors narrated those sequential efforts for Product Safety, and introduced the basic concept on which standardization of Product Safety Management System was conducted and individual safety standard has been developed. Based on this systematic concept, a global road-map as well as specific road-maps for developing safety standards in individual industry were supplied. Finally, suggestions for proceeding to the whole risk management system including other risky factors were appended.

• Journal of Information Management
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.1-15
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• 1997

Many digital libraries are constructed for effective management and use of information resources around the world nowadays. While constructing these systems, it is possible to reduce the time, efforts and expenses through getting interoperability by applying the standards. The authors will describe the benefits of standards, development process, types of standards, standards organization, key standards for digital libraries.