• Title/Summary/Keyword: Spherical harmonics method

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Scattering analysis of curved FSS using Floquet harmonics and asymptotic waveform evaluation technique

  • Jeong, Yi-Ru;Hong, Ic-Pyo;Chun, Heoung-Jae;Park, Yong Bae;Kim, Youn-Jae;Yook, Jong-Gwan
    • Steel and Composite Structures
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    • 제17권5호
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    • pp.561-572
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    • 2014
  • In this paper, we present the scattering characteristics of infinite and finite array using method of moment (MoM) with Floquet harmonics and asymptotic waveform evaluation (AWE) technique. First, infinite cylindrical dipole array is analyzed using the MoM with entire domain basis function and cylindrical Floquet harmonics. To provide the validity of results, we fabricated the cylindrical dipole array and measured the transmission characteristics. The results show good agreements. Second, we analyzed the scattering characteristics of finite array. A large simulation time is needed to obtain the scattering characteristics of finite array over wide frequency range because Floquet harmonics can't be applied. So, we used the MoM with AWE technique using Taylor series and Pade approximation to overcome the shortcomings of conventional MoM. We calculated the radar cross section (RCS) as scattering characteristics using the proposed method in this paper and the conventional MoM for finite planar slot array, finite spherical slot array, and finite cylindrical dipole array, respectively. The compared results agree well and show that the proposed method in this paper is good for electromagnetic analysis of finite FSS.

Multilevel acceleration of scattering-source iterations with application to electron transport

  • Drumm, Clif;Fan, Wesley
    • Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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    • 제49권6호
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    • pp.1114-1124
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    • 2017
  • Acceleration/preconditioning strategies available in the SCEPTRE radiation transport code are described. A flexible transport synthetic acceleration (TSA) algorithm that uses a low-order discrete-ordinates ($S_N$) or spherical-harmonics ($P_N$) solve to accelerate convergence of a high-order $S_N$ source-iteration (SI) solve is described. Convergence of the low-order solves can be further accelerated by applying off-the-shelf incomplete-factorization or algebraic-multigrid methods. Also available is an algorithm that uses a generalized minimum residual (GMRES) iterative method rather than SI for convergence, using a parallel sweep-based solver to build up a Krylov subspace. TSA has been applied as a preconditioner to accelerate the convergence of the GMRES iterations. The methods are applied to several problems involving electron transport and problems with artificial cross sections with large scattering ratios. These methods were compared and evaluated by considering material discontinuities and scattering anisotropy. Observed accelerations obtained are highly problem dependent, but speedup factors around 10 have been observed in typical applications.

Calculation of NMR Chemical Shift for 5d$^n$ Systems (Ⅰ). Application of the Expansion Method for Spherical Harmonics for Computation of Overlap and Dipole Moment Matrix Elements

  • Ahn, Sang-Woon;Oh, Se-Woung;Park, Eui-Suh
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • 제6권1호
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    • pp.3-7
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    • 1985
  • The general formulas for SCF atomic orbitals |5s > and |6p > have been derived separately by expressing the spherical harmonics part in terms of the coordinate($r_1,\;$r_2$) of the reference point, and by translating the exponential part, $r^4\;exp\;(-{\beta}r)$), in terms of $r_1,\;and\;r_2$ and the modified Bessel functions. Master formulas for overlap and dipole moment matrix elements are derived. The computed values of overlap and dipole moment matrix elements for hypothetical NO molecule are exactly in agreement with those for the previous methods.

구면 스레피안 함수로 표현된 지각 자기이상값과 구배 성분 (Spherical Slepian Harmonic Expression of the Crustal Magnetic Vector and Its Gradient Components)

  • 김형래
    • 자원환경지질
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    • 제49권4호
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    • pp.269-280
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    • 2016
  • 지역에 최적화된 스레피안 구면함수(spherical Slepian function)를 활용하여 남극을 중심으로 반경 $20^{\circ}$ 범위의 지역에 지각 자기이상의 3개의 방향 성분과 6개의 구배성분들을 표현하였다. 2013년 11월 유럽 항공 우주국이 발사한 3개의 자력 위성인 Swarm은 궤도 전개를 통해 동서 방향의 구배값은 물론 남북 및 수직방향의 구배값을 얻을 수 있도록 계획하였다. 이미 발사된 여러 중력위성들(i.e., GRACE and GOCE) 역시 이러한 구배값을 활용하여 보다 정확한 중력 이상값 및 지표에서의 시간에 따른 중력변화 연구등을 수행해 왔으나 자력 위성자료를 통해서는 많은 연구들이 이루어지고 있지 않는 상태이다. 한편 지역화 모델링은 관심 지역 또는 자료 분포의 제한인 지역인 경우에 활용될 수 있다. 또한 전지구 모델보다 효율적인 연산이 가능하여 위성자료로부터 고해상도의 지각 자기이상값을 표현할 수 있다는 장점을 지니고 있다. 또한 기존의 전지구 구면조화함수의 선형 결합으로 이루어진 기저함수들은 서로 직교성(orthogonality)이 유지되므로 스레피안 구면함수의 계수를 전지구 구면조화함수의 계수로 변환이 가능하여 스펙트럼 분석에 활용할 수 있다. 따라서 Swarm 위성자료의 구배 성분을 이용한 지역화 모델링 방법은 앞으로 많은 활용이 기대되며 여기서는 Swarm 위성자료로부터 얻어진 지각 자기이상값의 전지구 조화함수 계수 모델을 사용하여 자기이상의 방향성분과 구배성분을 유도하고 이를 스레피안 구면 조화함수에 적용하여 관심지역인 남극지역의 방향 성분과 구배 성분을 표현하고 이에 대한 결과를 토의 하고자 한다.

초 고차항 구 조화 중력모델링에 의한 상향 연속의 정확도 검증 (Accuracy Assessment of the Upward Continuation using the Gravity Model from Ultra-high Degree Spherical Harmonics)

  • 권재현;이종기
    • 한국측량학회지
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    • 제24권2호
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    • pp.183-191
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    • 2006
  • 최대 차수 10800의 초 고차 구 조화함수를 전개하여 중력을 모델링 하고, 이를 이용하여 상향 연속의 정확도를 검증하였다. 초 고차 구조화 함수에 의한 중력 모델링에 있어 수치계산적 난점인 르장드르 함수의 언더플로와 오버플로를 128 비트 연산에 의하여 성공적으로 수행하였으며, 이를 이용하여 지오이드상의 중력이상값을 공간 상도 $1'{\times}1'$ 으로 계산하였다. 생성된 중력이상값에 다양한 크기의 잡음을 첨가하고 자료의 간격을 달리하여 상향연속을 수행하였으며, 이로부터 도출된 중력 섭동 벡터와 중력 모델로부터 직접 계산된 섭동 벡터와의 비교를 통하여 실제적인 상향연속의 정확도를 할당하였다. 상향연속 방법의 비교에 있어, 직접방법이 포아송 방법에 비해 월등히 좋은 정확도를 보였고, 지상 중력자료의 잡음이 적을수록 또한 자료의 간격이 작을수록 상향연속에 의한 중력 섭동벡터의 정확도가 높게 나타남을 확인하였다. 특히 차세대 관성항법장치의 정밀 항법을 위한 중력의 필요조건인 5mGal의 정확도를 위해선, 지상 중력의 잡음 정도가 5mGal 이하, 자료의 간격이 2arcmin 이하이어야 함을 도출하였다.

Rossby Waves and Beta Gyre Associated with Tropical Cyclone-scale Barotropic Vortex on the Sphere

  • Nam, Ye-Jin;Cheong, Hyeong-Bin
    • 한국지구과학회지
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    • 제41권4호
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    • pp.344-355
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    • 2020
  • Tropical cyclone scale vortices and associated Rossby waves were investigated numerically using high-resolution barotropic models on the global domain. The equations of the barotropic model were discretized using the spectral transform method with the spherical harmonics function as orthogonal basis. The initial condition of the vortex was specified as an axisymmetric flow in the gradient wind balance, and four types of basic zonal states were employed. Vortex tracks showed similar patterns as those on the beta-plane but exhibited more eastward displacement as they moved northward. The zonal-mean flow appeared to control not only the west-east translation but also the meridional translation of the vortex. Such a meridional influence was revealed to be associated with the beta gyre and the Rossby wave, which are formed around the vortex due to the beta effect. In the case of the basic zonal state of climatological mean, the meridional translation speed reached the maximum value when the vortex underwent recurving.

등가음원을 이용한 엔진 방사 소음의 음향 홀로그래피에 대한 연구 (Acoustic holography for an engine radiation noise using equivalent sources)

  • 전인열;이정권
    • 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국소음진동공학회 2004년도 추계학술대회논문집
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    • pp.1101-1106
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    • 2004
  • This study presents the reconstruction of sound field radiated from an automotive engine using equivalent sources. Basic concept of the method presented is to replace the engine noise source with elementary sources of multipoles, e.g., monopoles and dipoles. The so-called Helmholtz equation least-squares (HELS) method can reconstruct the sound radiation fields from spherical geometries in a series expansion of spherical Hankel functions and spherical harmonics. In this paper, multi-Point, multipole equivalent sources are employed to reconstruct the sound field radiated from an automotive engine with a fixed rotation speed. To ensure and improve the accuracy of reconstruction, the spatial filters of multipole coefficients and wave-vectors are adopted for suppressing the adverse effect of high-order multipoles. Optimal filter shapes are designed with regularization parameters minimizing the generalized cross validation (GCV) function between actual and reproduced model. After regeneration of field pressures using the proposed method as many as necessary, the vibro-acoustic field of an engine could be reconstructed by using the BEM-based near-field acoustic holography (NAH) technique in a cost-effective manner.

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Evaluating High-Degree-and-Order Gravitational Harmonics and its Application to the State Predictions of a Lunar Orbiting Satellite

  • Song, Young-Joo;Kim, Bang-Yeop
    • Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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    • 제32권3호
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    • pp.247-256
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    • 2015
  • In this work, an efficient method with which to evaluate the high-degree-and-order gravitational harmonics of the non-sphericity of a central body is described and applied to state predictions of a lunar orbiter. Unlike the work of Song et al. (2010), which used a conventional computation method to process gravitational harmonic coefficients, the current work adapted a well-known recursion formula that directly uses fully normalized associated Legendre functions to compute the acceleration due to the non-sphericity of the moon. With the formulated algorithms, the states of a lunar orbiting satellite are predicted and its performance is validated in comparisons with solutions obtained from STK/Astrogator. The predicted differences in the orbital states between STK/Astrogator and the current work all remain at a position of less than 1 m with velocity accuracy levels of less than 1 mm/s, even with different orbital inclinations. The effectiveness of the current algorithm, in terms of both the computation time and the degree of accuracy degradation, is also shown in comparisons with results obtained from earlier work. It is expected that the proposed algorithm can be used as a foundation for the development of an operational flight dynamics subsystem for future lunar exploration missions by Korea. It can also be used to analyze missions which require very close operations to the moon.

분자의 사중극자모멘트의 계산 (제1보). 연산자법에 의한 사중극자모멘트행렬요소의 계산 (Calculation of the Molecular Quadrupole Moments (I). Calculation for the Quadrupole Moment Matrix Elements by Operator Technique)

  • 안상운;고정수
    • 대한화학회지
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    • 제23권5호
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    • pp.296-306
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    • 1979
  • 연산자법을 사중극자모멘트행렬요소를 계산하는데 응용하였다. Spherical harmonics의 전개방법과 사중극자모멘트행렬요소를 Mulliken의 overlap integral 로 전환시키는 방법을 사용하여 Slater 궤도함수쌍에 대한 사중극자모멘트행렬요소이 기본식을 유도하였다. 두 방법에 의하여 계산한 사중극자모멘트행렬요소의 값이 일치하였으며 바닥상태의 HCl 분자에 대하여 계산한 사중극자모멘트의 값이 Nesbet의 값과 일치하였다.

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사면체 및 사각형 $[M(II)N_2S_2]$ 형태 착물의 쌍극자 모멘트의 계산 [M(II) = Ni(II), Co(II), Cu(II) 또는 Zn(II)] (Calculation of the Dipole Moments for Tetrahedral and Square Planar $[M(II)N_2S_2]$ Type Complexes [M(Ⅱ) = Ni(Ⅱ), Co(Ⅱ), Cu(Ⅱ) or Zn(Ⅱ)])

  • 안상운
    • 대한화학회지
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    • 제23권1호
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    • pp.1-6
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    • 1979
  • 사각형 및 사면체 $[M(II)N_2S_2]$형태 착물의 쌍극자모멘트를 spherical harmonics의 전개방법에 의하여 계산하였다. [M(II) = Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) 또는 Zn(II)]. 이들 착물에 대한 쌍극자모멘트의 계산치가 실험치 범위안에 들었다. 계산한 쌍극자모멘트와 자기적 성질을 기초로하여 벤젠용액에서 이들 착물에 대한 가능한 구조를 고찰하였다.

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