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조선조 외연(外宴)의 성악정계, "가자(歌者)" (A Singing Visitors Activity at Royal Banquet in Chosun Dynasty)

  • 신경숙
    • 한국시조학회지:시조학논총
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    • 제23집
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    • pp.189-212
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    • 2005
  • 19세기 궁중 연향의 외연에는 성악정재 ${\ulcorner}$가자(歌者)${\lrcorner}$가 있었다. ${\ulcorner}$가자${\lrcorner}$는 남성가객에 의해, 장시간동안, 여러 곡의 우리말 가요가, 참여자들이 음식을 나누는 동안 공연되었다. 이러한 정재 ${\ulcorner}$가자${\lrcorner}$가 19세기 이전에도 있었는가를 살피는 것이 본고의 목표이다. 논의의 결과 다음과 같은 사실을 알 수 있었다. 1) 조선 전기 의례서인 ${\ulcorner}$국조오례의${\lrcorner}$의 외연들에서 정계 ${\ulcorner}$가자${\lrcorner}$의 공연이 확인되었다. 2) 조선후기 의례서인 ${\ulcorner}$h국조속오례의${\lrcorner}$의 외연들에서 정재 ${\ulcorner}$가자${\lrcorner}$의 공연이 확인되었다. 3) 어느 경우나 공연 절차, 공연방식이 동일했다. 4) 이로써 정재 ${\ulcorner}$가자${\lrcorner}$는 조선조 내내 공연되었음이 확인되었다.

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심대윤(沈大允) 『춘추사전속전(春秋四傳續傳)』의 탈성리학적 『춘추』 이해 (A Study on ChunChu in View of Post-Neo-Confucian Found in the Shim Dae-Yoon's ChunChuSaJeonSokJeon)

  • 김동민
    • 한국철학논집
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    • 제52호
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    • pp.69-106
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    • 2017
  • 심대윤의 "춘추사전속전"은 조선조 춘추학의 새로운 방향성을 제시한 작품이다. 성리학에 기반한 조선조 춘추학의 견고한 틀을 깨고, 탈성리학적 "춘추" 이해를 시도한 일종의 도전이자 실험이었다. 본 논문은 심대윤의 탈성리학적 "춘추" 해석의 실체를 밝히고, 그가 시도했던 해석방법론을 분석하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 심대윤의 "춘추" 해석은 첫째, 기존의 성리학적 관점에서 벗어나 "춘추" 의 성격을 새롭게 규정하였다. 둘째, 성리학적 해석에 대한 비판과 해석방법론의 차별화를 통해 "춘추" 의 본질적 모습에 접근하려고 시도하였다. 이러한 작업을 통해 심대윤은 "춘추" 가 가진 경전으로서의 절대성보다는 기록으로서의 객관성을 밝힘으로써 "춘추" 의 현실적 가치를 한층 부각시켰다. 그의 춘추학은 비록 하나의 완결된 이론 체계를 갖추지는 못했지만, 탈성리학적 "춘추" 해석의 토대를 마련했다는 점에서 사상사적인 의미는 매우 크다고 평가할 수 있다.

익사(溺死) ($WHO-E_{929},\;E_{934}$)의 역학적(疫學的) 관찰(觀察) (An Observation on the Incidence of Drowning Death in Korea)

  • 지창용;김영춘;이병주;주인호
    • Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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    • 제1권1호
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    • pp.79-86
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    • 1968
  • This paper describes the incidence and some epidemiological features of drowning accident out of a series of our study on the epidemiology of various accidents in Korea. By the daily press it is apparent from the frequent reporting of swimming accidents that the incidence would be high. In the rural areas, there are, at present, about 1,250 artificial lakes and farm ponds to be utlized for rice production. The reservoirs, irrigation ditches and riversides are also used for recreation. In most places facilities for aquatic activities is meager, and safety measures for the prevention of drowning is not sufficiently enforced. In the survey crude data on drownings were collected from the concerned governmental statistic books for the period 1955 to 1967 which were compiled not in a uniform way. Drownings were classfied into two categories, one is accidental drowning, E 929 and the other is due to cataclysm, E 934, according to the WHO international classification of diseases. Epidemiological variables in relation to drowning accident were obtained through qualitative analysis of informations from the popular news papers. The following summary may be drawn; 1. The average number of deaths due to accidental drowning totaled 1,088 annually and the mortality rate per 100,000 population was 3.4, The 42.0% of all drownings were rescued and the remaining were not saved. 2. The sex ratio (M/F) of the victims for all ages was 5 to 1, which had a wide range of difference among the age groups. The young ages less than 20 years occupied 68.0% of all deaths. 3. The percentage distribution of the causes of accidents revealed 31.9% for careless swimming, 45.5% for unskilled, 10.6% for swimmer's cramp and 6.0% for drunked. The distribution of places where accidents occurred showed 88.0% for rivers, water reservoirs, irrigation ditches and 12.0% for regular swimming pools. The seasonal distribution of cases indicated 85.0% of the total were seen during the summer months, June-August, and 50.0% of them occurred on Sundays, 4. The average annual deaths due to cataclysm were 402 and mortality rate per 100,000 population was 1.6, but the number of victims due to cataclysm varied greatly each year. 5. The accident cases due to cataclysm were classified into 60.0% for injuries, 40.0% for deaths. The 26.8% of all deaths were missing cases. 6. The deaths due to either accidental drowning or cataclysm totaled 1,490, and the death rate per 100,000 for the whole country was 5.0.

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우리나라의 교통사고사상률(交通事故死傷率)(WHO $E_{800{\sim}866}$)에 관(關)하여 (An Observation on the Mortality Rates of Transport Accidents in Korea)

  • 주인호;박정자;오숙환;한재희
    • Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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    • 제1권1호
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    • pp.1-8
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    • 1968
  • This paper describes the incidence of transport accident for the period, 1955-1965. Transport accidents were classified into three categories, viz. railway(WHO Classification of Diseases, E-802), watercraft (E 550-E 858) and motor vehicle accidents(E810-E835, E840-E841, E844-E845). Crude data on the subject were collected from the various souces of Government Statistical Books including Statistical Year Books edited by the Central Office of Economic Planning Board, Annual Police Reports by the Ministry of Home Affairs, and the national and local associations for road traffic safety. From the data incidence and mortality rates by year, month and local province were computed and other variables relevant to the epidemiology of accidents were observed. The following summary could be drawn: 1. Death rates due to transport accidents per 100,000 population were 12.3 for 1955 and 9.7 for 1965. The incidence of injury due to the same cause were 34.0 for 1955 and 35.9 for 1965. 2. Death rates by transportation vehicle showed 9.0 due to motor vehicle accidents, 1.7 due to water-crafts, and 1.6 due to railway trains for 1955. In 1965 death rates were 6.0 due to motor vehicles, 1.2 to water-crafts and 2.4 to railway. 3. Seasonal distribution of transport accidents revealed that car accidents occur more frequently in spring and fall fall seasons while ship accidents do in winter and train accidents more in summer. 4. Both car and ship accidents slightly decreased during the past decade, 1955-1965, whereas the accidents of railway trains showed a tendency of increase. 5. Although the survey on railway accidents excluded the injuries of passengers or railway employees corresponding to WHO classification of diseases, E 801, due to inaccuracy of data, it is roughly estimated that the same number of casualities as the incidence among pedestrians or any other than passengers or employees assumed to be at work(E 802).

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화재사고(火災事故)(WHO-E 916)에 관(關)한 역학적관찰(疫學的觀察) (An Epidemiological Observation of Fire Accident in Korea)

  • 이종대;한성은;빈순덕;주인호
    • Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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    • 제1권1호
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    • pp.43-49
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    • 1968
  • Epidemiological and statistical observations were made of fire hazards that occurred during the past 18 years, 1948 to 1965. Injury and mortality rates for all ages were computed chronologically. For the years of 1955, 1961 and 1965, all fire accidents were epidemiologically analysed to draw characteristic patterns in relation to the seasonal and 24 hour distribution, causes and sites of accidents etc.. Fire hazards observed herein are the categorys E 916 of the International Classification of Causes of Death, 1955, and includes all accidents caused by fire and explosion of combustible materials. The following conclusion was made: 1. The average number of annual deaths due to fire was 183 and the number of the in jured due to the same cause was 335. The mortality rate per 100,000 population was 0.8 and the ratio of injuries per death was 1.83. 2. The casually rate including both the dead and injured was 5.0 per 100,000 in Seoul, the highest among the provinces and followed by 3.4 in Cheju -Do, 2.1 in Kangwon-Do, 1.7 in Kyunggi-Do accordingly. The other provinces had a range of 0.6 to 1.2. 3. The monthly distribution of fro accidents showed that the winter months, December through February, had more frequent accidents, while the summer season, June through August had less. The 24 hour distribution of accidents showed more cases from 12:00 to 18:00 and less from 4:00 to 10:00 hours. 4. The per cent distribution of causes of accidents showed; 90.0% for careless, 10.0% for arson. The cause of carelessness was further breakdown into; 15.0% for kitchen fire places, 13.8% for fire playing, 9,4% for electrical heating and wires, 8.3% for fuels, 6.3% for matches, 5.2% for ash dumps and the remaining for others. 5. The accidents as classified by place revealed that 56.8% of the total occurred at the common dwelling houses, 11.3 at various industrial workshops, 9.3% at the street shops and the remaining at the miscellaneous places.

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