• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.49
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• pp.129-161
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• 2002

This study explores whether there are differences in financial structure and governmental support between social service organizations and other nonprofit organizations. In addition, it analyzes what factors are related to governmental supports for both types of nonprofit organizations. Guided by the argument that specific areas where nonprofits primarily operate can explain a difference of relations between nonprofit organizations and funders, this study compares revenue sources and expenditures of social service organizations and other nonprofit organizations in the United States. Also, based on resource dependence theory and taking some important indexes from financial ratio analysis, this study also identifies factors that affect governmental supports for nonprofit organizations. The study sample consists of 10,690 organizations that reported tax form 990 in 1996. Binary logistic regression analysis was conducted for the study. The results show that social service organizations obtained more revenue from government than other nonprofit organizations. Also, logistic regression analysis suggests that revenue diversification and financial characteristics were significantly associated with governmental supports for nonprofit organizations in the United States.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.63-79
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to identify the factors that influence the willingness to marriage initiation(WMI) among the never married in their 30s. In particular, we examine the effect of financial resources on the WMI. A data set from the National Survey of Marriage and Childbirth (2009 Wave) were analyzed. We find that the effect of financial resources on the WMI are different by gender. Home ownership is a statistically significant factor in the logistic regression model for men, but not in the model for women. Women with higher earnings are more likely to be single and unemployed men are more likely to be single than employed men. In the Korean societal contexts, these findings support the bi-standard of financial resources between male and female in the marriage market.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.1-15
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• 2019

This study aimed to develop program models for single households in the Healthy Families Support Centers. Data from seven female and seven male single households were collected through in-depth interviews. The major results were as follows. First, a demand for a program that both provides feeling safe and is self-caring came to the fore. Additionally, many respondents wanted to participate in programs with families. Second, the aspects of professional quality, diversity, and systematic management were mentioned as the strengths of programs in the Healthy Families Support Centers. Third, three program models were drawn up, as follows: The first model was a five-part program model like the current program settings of the Healthy Families Center. Those were sharing-caring, education, counselling, family-friendly culture, and community networking. The second model was a program for family relationships. The third was for joining programs with others. For the detailed program, a manual needs to be proposed, and the staff members who handle the programs for single households in the center will need to be retrained.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.25-37
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• 2021

Purpose - This study analyzes the situational relationship between the components of job crafting and innovation performance, and based on this, suggests practical alternatives to the effect of the control variables of organizational support. Design/methodology/approach - For this survey, 350 questionnaires were distributed to Korean SME workers from October 5, 2020 to March 20, 2021, and 230 questionnaires were collected. In order to check the validity of the questionnaire, the questionnaire judged to be inappropriate in response was excluded. The recovery rate was 65.7%, and the effectiveness of the questionnaire was 82%. Structural equation model and hierarchical regression analysis are used to analyze those data. Findings - First, job enhancement through job redesign as well as organizational support is a key task in order to expect innovative results from field members. Innovative performance is not created by individual jobs, but is created between jobs and jobs, tasks and tasks, teams and teams, and departments and departments. This is why it is worth paying attention not to the functional approach, but to the interconnection structure of the process. Research implications or Originality - In this study, it was analyzed that structural job resource increase and social job resource increase, which are components of job crafting, had a positive effect on innovation performance, and that challenging job will had no significant effect. Challenging work will itself does not negatively affect innovation performance. Combining the survey and interview, field members who make up the majority of respondents say that they do not lack the will to work. They claim that there is no channel or opportunity to express or practice a challenging will.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.42
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• pp.107-138
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• 2000

Today, the public assistance program in Korea is provided mainly for the livelihood protection beneficiary in urban area. The fact that the urban community-centered program is also applied to the livelihood protection beneficiary in rural area brings about some problems in fitness and effectiveness of resource distribution. The purpose of my study is to present my opinion that the public assistance program for the rural community should be put in practice after being fully distinguished from the urban program for the effective distribution of limited social welfare resources to insure the minimum standard of living and seek the self-support contribution which is the purpose of the public assistance program. The subject for this study were livelihood protection beneficiaries living in both rural and urban area. And the study was carried out in this parts: first, the way of life in them, second, the contents of 6 main public assistance programs being carried out. Total number of the livelihood protection beneficiaries are 279 case: 143 case from 15 Dong in 5 cities, and 136 case from 15 Myun in 5 counties. And the social worker who are performing the public assistance programare consisted of 50 case: 25 case from 5 Dong in 5 cities, and 25 case from 5 Myun in 5 counties. This research reach the result that the differentiate performance of the public assistance program in rural community would be an effective device for self-support to be freed from the vicious circle of poverty.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.35-53
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of social supports and health on the depression of the rural elderly according to their household patterns. Data were collected from 1,000 of the elderly over 65 living in rural Korea. A questionnaire was used with direct interviews and was analyzed through descriptive statistics, ANOVA, and a multiple regression analysis. The major findings of this study are as follows. First, the general characteristics, social supports, and health of the rural elderly are significantly different according to their household patterns. Second, depression in the rural elderly is also significantly different according to household patterns; elderly people in a single household report greater depression than elders in a coupled household or those in a household with a child. Third, satisfaction with health conditions and nutrition management variables has a significant influence on the depression of the rural elderly in all household patterns. Fourth, there are differences among variables that affect depression of the rural elderly according to their household patterns.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.763-771
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• 2006

This study was conducted to suggest effective alternatives for human resource management in the foodservice industry by investigating the influence of social exchange on employee empowerment and organizational efficiency, The findings derived from the study are as follows: First, the major components of social exchange, organizational support and the leader-member exchange (LMX), significantly influenced the components of employee empowerment such as signification and self-determination. Secondly, we found that signification and self-determination had a significant impact on the turnover intentions and organizational commitment of the employees, which in turn organizational efficiency. Thirdly, both the employees' turnover intentions and organizational commitment were significantly influenced by the organizational support and the leader-member exchange. These results suggest that it is necessary to have active communication between organizational leaders and members to improve employee empowerment. In other words, employees should acknowledge the meaning and importance of their tasks and support at the organizational level should be provided to ensure employee empowerment.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.43-59
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• 2018

The purpose of this study were to explorer the factors affecting the psychological well-being of working mothers and to investigate the moderating effect of spousal support and support systems for work family compatibility on relationship between work-family conflict and psychological well-being. The subjects were 300 working mothers who are aged under 50, have more than one child live in Seoul. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 21.0. The Results are follows. First, the analysis of work-family conflicts, spousal support and support systems for work-family compatibility, and psychological well-being of working mothers indicated that the working mothers perceived family-work conflict to be higher than work-family conflict. The working mothers received stronger support from support systems intended for work-family compatibility than from their spouses. The score of the psychological well-being of the working mothers was 3.27 (standard deviation = .91), which is higher than median. Second, the factors influencing the working mothers' psychological well-being were age, monthly household income, number of children, work${\rightarrow}$family and family${\rightarrow}$work conflict, and spousal support. Greater psychological well-being was linked to a young maternal age, a high monthly household income, a low number of children, low levels of work${\rightarrow}$family and family${\rightarrow}$work conflict, and strong spousal support. Third, spousal support mediated the relationship between family${\rightarrow}$work conflict and psychological well-being.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.87-105
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• 2006

The goal of this study is to analyze the complicated and diverse nature of the relationship between work and family life for the study paper instructors of whom are married women. The survey data for these analyses were from an in depth interview which was conducted with the 21 contingent female workers as study samples. They are the married women, who started to work or returned to work after an absence to raise a family. The results showed that in reality the contingent female worker faced worse working conditions than the full time female labour force, even if women were determined to be a study paper instructor to meet work and family demand. It was the contingent women worker with a short time work experience who were in the worst position tlo adjust their working arrangements to suit their family needs and were confronted with the greater inter-role friction as a vulnerable group. The study revealed that instrumental and emotional support of husband has a positive effect on maintaining job role and lessening role conflicts and stress of the women. The work/family relationship indicated its double side, conflict and support. The women simply could not afford to depend on the psychological support form family in the midst of the inferior employment conditions and the absence of social support. This strategy, however, was based on the family ideology and the patriarchal gender division of labor. It caused the overload, stress and poor health of women involving some risk to give up the work.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.41-62
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of work-family conflict and spousal support resources on parenting stress among working mothers with pre-school children. This study involved a total of 232 working mothers with children enrolled in child care centers in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do as conducting a survey. First, the higher the work-family conflict (inter-role conflict caused by the impact of work on family life), the higher the family-work conflict (inter-role conflict caused by the impact of family life on work). Moreover, the lower the level of spousal support resources (emotional spousal support resources, instrumental spousal resources), the higher the work-family conflict and family-work conflict. The level of parenting stress was higher in working mothers experiencing greater work-family conflict and family-work conflict both and lower levels of spousal support resources for parenting. Second, the number of children and the amount of work-family conflict and instrumental spousal support resources had a statistically significant impact on parenting stress. Thus, the higher the number of children, the greater the work-family conflict, and the lower the level of instrumental spousal support resources, the higher the level of parenting stress. The findings of this study highlight the relative effects of role conflicts between work and family and of spousal support resources on parenting stress in working mothers. Husbands' being involved in parenting, in particular, was identified as an important support function for healthy child-rearing by successfully combining career and family responsibilities.