• Computers and Concrete
• /
• v.30 no.3
• /
• pp.197-207
• /
• 2022

Population growth in cities increases the need for service facilities and different urban spaces, and the organism of the city undergoes profound changes. One of the main problems that endanger the physical environment of the city due to this turmoil is the lack of public spaces and cultural complexes that increase individual and social pollution and on the other hand make leisure facilities available to the public. It severely limits people and, ultimately, the flourishing of individual and social artistic tastes. Thus, dealing with an issue called cultural complex has special importance and is one of the most basic categories in the field of architecture and urban planning, so dealing with it must be done in a measured, comprehensive and accurate manner. Cultural shock results from the immersion of an unprepared traveler in a foreign culture. In other words, human connection with people, objects, places, organizations and institutions, thoughts and the world of information will be constantly becoming more unstable and diverse. As a result, there is a need to create places for information or, in a central sense, to acquire up-to-date knowledge that requires information in the fields of human individual and social life. Spaces and places are all kinds of media tools from gramophone records to cassettes, CDs, newspapers, magazines, Internet books, etc. Each person can use them according to his needs and work.

• Korean Medical Education Review
• /
• v.25 no.1
• /
• pp.35-44
• /
• 2023

The purpose of this study was to promote an enhanced understanding of burnout among medical school professors by reviewing the literature on burnout in domestic and international medical professors, and to seek measures to prevent burnout. To this end, the general concept of burnout and the physical, cognitive, psychological, social, and behavioral symptoms that result from burnout were explained. In addition, the causes and results of high burnout among medical school professors were summarized in terms of demographic characteristics and the duties of educators, researchers, and physicians, and measures to prevent burnout in medical school professors were divided into individual and organizational levels. In order to prevent burnout among medical school professors, sensitive interest in themselves and self-reflection are required at the personal level. At the organizational level, it is necessary to regularly monitor burnout among medical school professors, improve systems, encourage participation in the policy-making process, and develop customized education programs. At the social level, it is necessary to recognize that burnout of medical school professors is a social problem, for which further research is needed. Therefore, in order for medical school professors not to burn out, there must be appropriate interactions among the individuals, organizations, and society, and the consistent attention should be paid to this issue.

• Journal of Software Assessment and Valuation
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.85-93
• /
• 2019

In an open, heterogeneous environment based on machine-to-machine (M2M) interactions, service selection is a critical issue and the concept of social trust can be applied to service selection so that IoT devices can make the best choice for interaction. In this paper, we propose a method for evaluating the trust level of the service and for estimating the QoS of the composite service using a profile created based on social trust relationship in IoT environment. As the service selection is made through quantitative evaluation, it is expected that the result of a more reliable service combination can be obtained.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
• /
• v.13 no.1
• /
• pp.107-124
• /
• 2017

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of children's pride and shame on their interactive peer play, mediated by their daily stress. Methods: The participants of this study were 172 five-year-old children (80 boys and 92 girls) attending kindergartens or child-care centers in Chungbuk, Korea. The data were analyzed by descriptive and correlational analyses, and structural equation modeling using SPSS 19.0 and AMOS 21.0. Results: Children's shame had a significant indirect effect on their interactive peer play, including play-disruption, play-disconnection and play-interactions, mediated by daily stress; children's shame had a significant direct effect on play interaction. However, children's pride did not have a direct effect on daily stress and an indirect effect on their interactive peer play. In other words, high levels of shame among children led to high perceived daily stress. In turn, perceived daily stress increased play-disconnection and play-disruption, while it decreased play-interactions. Meanwhile children's shame led to a low level of play-interaction among young children. Conclusion/Implications: The results imply that children's perceived shame would influence their behaviors in social contexts as well as their psychological wellbeing such as the level of daily stress.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
• /
• v.31 no.2
• /
• pp.35-52
• /
• 2010

The purpose of this study is to examine the factors that are associated with a child's development within a multi-cultural family, taking into account the factors that influence the child's language ability and their play interactions with their mothers. First, there was no significant difference in the children's language ability based on the child's gender, or based on the language in which the mother communicated with her children. However there were significant differences depending on the children's age, the mother's native country, and the period of time the mother had lived in Korea. Second, there was no significant difference in the child-mother play interaction based on the children's age, gender, the mother's native country, the period of time the mother has lived in Korea, or the language in which the mother communicated with her children. However, the boys showed a more hostile attitude toward their mothers, in comparison to the girls. In conclusion, it can be said that there is an urgent need for comprehensive social support services and policies for the overall development of multi-cultural children, especially through programs for children and mothers.

• 한국경영정보학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2008.06a
• /
• pp.525-540
• /
• 2008

With the competitive pressure and the development of information and communication technology, many organizations have introduced various kinds of enterprise-wide systems like enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems as strategic tools for the purpose of improving organizational performance. Despite their promised strategic benefits, however, their implementation has suffered from a high failure rate and difficulty in realizing the anticipated benefits. Previous studies have indicated that one of the most critical failure reasons is the lack of knowledge sharing and utilization across organizations. As a consequence, many information systems (IS) researchers have paid attention to examining the effect of absorptive capacity closely associated with knowledge sharing and transferring on IS usage performance. ERP systems implementation involves changes not only in systems but also in processes and other social dimensions, which can be related to organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) requiring appropriate communications and interactions among organizational members. A lack of communications and interactions due to a lack of OCB might lead to weak absorptive capacity and thus negatively influence knowledge sharing across organizations, because OCB facilitates a successful collaboration among functional units and positively impacts individual's attitude toward radical organizational change. With this motivation, this study has two research objectives. First, it introduces and tests a theoretical model accounting for the relationships among performance of ERP system usage, absorptive capacity, and OCB. Second, it examines a mediating role of absorptive capacity between OCB and performance of EPR system usage. Theoretical and practical implications of the study ware discussed, along with its limitations.

• Korean System Dynamics Review
• /
• v.3 no.2
• /
• pp.49-68
• /
• 2002

The intent of this study is to develop system dynamics model for assessment of organizational and human factors in nuclear power plant which can contribute to secure the nuclear safety. Previous studies are classified into two major approaches. One is engineering approach such as ergonomics and probability safety assessment(PSA). The other is social science approach such like sociology, organization theory and psychology. Both have contributed to find organization and human factors and to present guideline to lessen human error in NPP. But, since these methodologies assume that relationship among factors is independent they don't explain the interactions among factors or variables in NPP. To overcome these limits, we have developed system dynamics model which can show cause and effect among factors and quantify organizational and human factors. The model we developed is composed of 16 functions of job process in nuclear power, and shows interactions among various factors which affects employees' productivity and job quality. Handling variables such like degree of leadership, adjustment of number of employee, and workload in each department, users can simulate various situations in nuclear power plant in the organization side. Through simulation, user can get insight to improve safety in plants and to find managerial tools in the organization and human side. Analyzing pattern of variables, users can get knowledge of their organization structure, and understand stands of other departments or employees. Ultimately they can build learning organization to secure optimal safety in nuclear power plant.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
• /
• v.16 no.2
• /
• pp.11-20
• /
• 2015

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of the construal level and temporal distance of a message and consumer's Social Network Service (SNS) self-efficacy on consumers' attitudes toward SNS fashion advertising. This study employed a 2 (message configuration: high construal level/low construal level) ${\times}$ 2 (temporal distance: distant future/near future) ${\times}$ 2 (SNS self-efficacy: high/low) between-subject factorial design. The survey was conducted on Facebook users in their twenties (N=216). The results are as follows: First, attitude toward SNS fashion advertising and purchase intention was higher when the message construal level was lower and when the temporal distance was closer. Second, no interactions between temporal distance and message construal level for attitude toward SNS advertising and purchase intention were found in this study. However, interactions between temporal distance and SNS self-efficacy for attitude toward SNS advertising and purchase intention were found. When the SNS self-efficacy was high, message with the low construal level reacted significantly positive in terms of attitude toward the ad as well as purchase intention. It is expected that this study will provide insight for apparel makers or retailers to use SNS as a new advertising media for fashion marketing. Practical implications and limitations are discussed.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.29 no.6
• /
• pp.1355-1364
• /
• 1999

Mother and infant relationship has a great influence on child's developments. In this study, nursing intervention to increase maternal sensitivity to the infant's cues was applied to 25 primiparas (Experimental Group). Mother and infant interacations of these primiparas were compared with those of 25 primiparas (Control Group) who did not receive the nursing intervention. Fifty primiparas and infants were recruited from a university hospital, a general hospital, and an OBGY clinic located in Taegu city. Mother and infant interactions were assessed at 6 weeks after birth using videotapes. Feeding situations were videotaped and two trained observers analyzed the tapes. Data were collected from March 23rd to July 27th of 1998. Mother and infant interactions during feeding were assessed by the response rating scale which was modified by the author based on NCAST feeding scale (Barnard, 1978a) and AMIS scale (Price, 1983). The validity of the modified rating scale was verified by faculty members and researchers who previously had research experience in the area. Cronbach's Alpha of the modified scale for this study was .90. The data was analyzed by SAS program, using wilcoxon rank sums test, chi square test, Fisher's exact test, and ANOVA. Findings were as follows: 1. Mothers in the experimental group were more likely to have higher scores in mother and infant interactions during feeding than mothers in the control group. 2. Mothers in the experimental group showed better sensitivity to infant's signals or cues, provided growth fostering, and had higher responsibility to the infant's distress than mothers in the control group. 3. Infants in the experimental group showed higher clarity of cues and responsibility to the mother's behaviors than infants in the control group. 4. Mothers and infants in the experimental group showed higher synchronic responses than mothers and infants in the control group. In conclusion, this study has shown that the applied nursing intervention promoted mother and infant interaction among primiparas. Therefore, this study suggests that the nursing interventions to increase maternal sensitivity to the infant's cues should be broadly applied to primiparas, which can be beneficial to the social, affective, and cognitive developments of their children.

• Education of Primary School Mathematics
• /
• v.16 no.3
• /
• pp.267-283
• /
• 2013

Mathematical justification is the process through which one's claim is validated to be true based on proper and trustworthy data. But it serves as a catalyst to facilitate mathematical discussions and communicative interactions among students in mathematics classrooms. This study is designed to investigate the effects of mathematical justification on students' problem-solving and communicative processes occurred in a mathematics classroom. In order to fulfill the purpose of this study, mathematical problem-solving classes were conducted. Mathematical justification processes and communicative interactions recorded in problem understanding activity, individual student inquiry, small and whole group discussions are analyzed. Based on the analysis outcomes, the students who participated in mathematical justification activities are more likely to find out various problem-solving strategies, to develop efficient communicative skills, and to use effective representations. In addition, mathematical justification can be used as an evaluation method to test a student's mathematical understanding as well as a teaching method to help develop constructive social interactions and positive classroom atmosphere among students. The results of this study would contribute to strengthening a body of research studying the importance of teaching students mathematical justification in mathematics classrooms.