• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.235-243
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• 2022

To help the industry, outsourcing was found to be the most efficient method. An extensive literature analysis was done to assess the macroeconomic factors associated with outsourcing to supplement the anxious parties' decision-making process with evidence-based comprehensive tools. As a theoretical framework for evaluating these issues, transaction cost economies and resource-based perspective theories are investigated. Outsourcing is proven to be a result of energy crises and political instability. The advantages of outsourcing assist major industries in the economy. To discover the key drivers behind outsourcing, we used the vector autoregressive (VAR model) and step-wise regression techniques for the period 1992 to 2016. This research adds to the literature in that it not only explains the energy issue but also discusses the dilemma of political instability in the country in the context of outsourcing. The findings indicate that labor cost and export tendency have a positive impact on outsourcing strategy, which confirms the study's third and fourth hypotheses. Customs tax, inflation, and the unemployment rate, on the other hand, have a negative impact on textile outsourcing in Pakistan, according to the study's fifth, sixth, and seventh hypotheses.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.57-81
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• 2000

The purposes of this study and to develop the model to prove the structural relationship between service orientation and customer satisfaction, to find out the mediating variables between them, to survey and analyze their roles empirically, and to prove the probability of applying the strategic frame to all hotels in Korea. For these purposes. the author developed a structural model which consists of six variables. The data were collected from 7 hotels and analyzed with AMOS program. The findings can be summarized as follows : First, the higher customer expectation, the lower customer satisfaction. Second, the higher customer expectation, the higher customer perceived quality. Third, the higher customer perceived quality, the higher customer satisfaction. Fourth, the higher customer perceived quality, the higher customer perceived value. Sixth, the higher customer satisfaction, the lower customer complaint. Seventh, the higher customer satisfaction, the higher customer loyalty.

• Journal of Applied Tourism Food and Beverage Management and Research
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.99-122
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• 2004

The purposes of this study and to develop the model to prove the structural relationship between service orientation and customer satisfaction, to find out the mediation variables between them, to survey and analyze their roles empirically, and to prove the probability of applying the strategic frame to all hotels in Korea. For these purposes, the author developed a structural model which consists of six variables. The data were collected from 7 hotels and analyzed with AMOS program. The findings can be summarized ad follows : First, the higher customer expectation, the lower customer satisfaction. Second, the higher customer expectation, the higher customer perceived quality. Third, the higher customer perceived qualify, the higher customer satisfaction. Fourth, the higher customer perceived quality, the higher customer perceived value. Sixth, the higher customer satisfaction, the lower customer complaint. Seventh, the higher customer satisfaction, the higher customer loyalty.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.671-677
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• 2007

This study examined the relationship between chlorophyll(Chl) and ascorbic acid(ASA) as an index of freshness for vegetables, when the general consumers purchase several kinds of vegetables at the market. The leaves and fruits of several types of vegetables were divided into top, middle, and basal sections. Chl was determined by a spectrophotometer, and ASA was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography. For the vegetable sections, we found that Chl and ASA levels were highest in the top sections, followed by the middle, and were lowest in the basal portions. For the relationship between Chl and ASA in vegetables, there were seven classifications including high Chl(above 80mg/100g of fresh weight) and high ASA(above 80 mg/100 g of fresh weight) for mallow, and kail; the second group had high Chl and low ASA(below 80 mg), such as in spinach, burdock, and perilla leaves; the third group contained medium Chl($40{\sim}80mg$) and medium ASA($40{\sim}80mg$) levels, such as for gonddalbee, angelica, pumpkin leaf and coriander; the fourth group had medium Chl and low ASA levels, as in crown daisy and lettuce; the fifth group contained low Chl(below 40 mg) and high ASA, such as in hot peppers and parsley; the sixth group had low Chl and medium ASA levels, and included broccoli, pak choi, and sweet peppers; finally the seventh group contained low Chl and low ASA levels, as in dropwort, young radishes, shallots, cucumbers and swiss chard.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.129-141
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• 2015

This study classifies the types of spatio-functional differentiation in Korean island areas and analyses typical characters and suggests the development directions by each type. Eup/Myeon-level island areas are classified as six types by the factor analysis and the cluster analysis. First type is the traditional rural center. This type puts emphasis on maintaining phase as the central space and has to maximize development potential of the whole of settlement zone. Second type is the specialized region in manufacturing industry and the qualitative mutual growth of regional industries is able to be suggested. Third type is the specialized region in the neighborhood service provision. This type needs to devise the plan for utilizing potential customers actively and developing into the region specialized in tourism industry. Fourth type is the specialized region in tourism-support service functions. This type has to promote differentiated policies for maintaining amenity infra or value of countryside capital and preservation and utilization of resources by regional features. Fifth type is the fishing industry-dominated region. This type has to promote sustainable fishery development through the policy reflecting regional features and condition. Finally, sixth type is the sluggish region dominated with the traditional agriculture and fishery. This type is needed to aim at developing into the new food production base having the advantage of clean environment by strengthening support in specialized agro-fishery products. The existing researches on spatio-functional differentiation were mostly discussed with respect to land development, but this study highlights the difference in deal with the island areas distinguished from the condition of industry.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.79-94
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• 2015

Purpose: The main purposes of this study are to describe the organization effectiveness and to investigate the effects of dental technicians' work ethic on job satisfaction, organization citizen's action, and organizational commitment. Methods: A total of 300 dental technicians working at dental laboratories in the Daegu area were randomly selected and surveyed, 298 of them were used for the statistical analysis. Results: The work ethic sub-items, such as industry, work centrality, morality, time save, independence, and relation with co-worker are independent variables. The organization effectiveness subi-items, such as job satisfaction, organization citizen's action, and organizational commitment are dependent variables. Sociodemographic variables are used for control variables. Findings are as follows: First, in terms of dental technicians' work ethic, the level of relation with coworker was the highest, and work centrality was the lowest. Second, in terms of dental technicians' organization effectiveness, the level of citizen's organizational action was the highest followed by organizational commitment and job satisfaction in order. Third, the effects of industry, work centrality, time save, relation with coworker, and morality showed statistically significant relationships with organizational effectiveness. Fourth, the effects of industry, work centrality, time save, relation with co-worker, and morality statistically significant relationships with job satisfaction. Fifth, in terms of organization citizen's action, the effects of industry, work centrality, and time save were statistically significant. Sixth, work centrality, time save, relation with coworker, and independence were statistically significant with organizational commitment. Conclusion: Some policy implications for the improvement of organizational effectiveness are introduced and discussed. Dental technicians are required to have vocation and work ethic for themselves and the organization, and by doing so, they may contribute to the improvement of national oral health. Policies and educational programs, which can support them may be necessary.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.41-53
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• 2017

The purpose of this paper was to figure out the status quo of development of textiles in fashion industry by analyzing through in-depth interview with domestic women's wear converters on the process of textile planning. Professionals in top3 domestic women's wear converters were selected and interviewed in-depth on actual work process of textile development. The result of the research is as follows. First, the interviewed converters were having transactions with entire domestic target market of women's clothing and also exporting to China. Second, production of textile was mostly domestic, with some from China. Third, the number of textile development was 20 - 50 items per season accordingly to size of converter, and the number was larger if taking into account the sourcing development, the special finished fabric development and the print design development. Fourth, for methods to gather information, converters got ideas through overseas exhibitions, overseas color swatch books, fashion-related web sites and market research. Fifth, when setting up direction of textiles, it was investigated that they had motif from in-trend material or on previous season's best-selling material. Sixth, textile planning map did not start from early in season but prefers in-progress board map. Seventh, ways for many method types for textile planning were found depending on sales type of converter and textile production price.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.10 no.12
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• pp.3848-3855
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• 2009

Many social and environmental changes emerged by the increasing of the number of the aged to entrance the aged society. This study explored the current supply status on Contents Technology R&D(research and development) of CT ministries and market policies(senior friendly industry) targeting to elderly consumers and the needs and demand of elderly generation to knowledge information technology. In, 2008, Ministries announced the sixth category of CT R&D's fundamental planning. The 'public culture service' to elderly and handicapped person is one of CT R&D category. This study investigated the information technology participation(internet participation rate, blog and internet cafe commitment) and contents technology to the elderly. The research indicated the desired needs of elderly consumers are creativity contents, emotional & experience and communication needs. These three factors of CT R&D to elderly consumers meets the needs non-game factors such as health, economic stability and information seeking in entertainment game.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.35 no.10
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• pp.1199-1214
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• 2011

This study suggests the direction of fashion design education suitable for Korea by comparing the fashion design educational systems and the curricula of the main fashion institutions in Europe and those of some universities in Korea. For this, 6 fashion schools in UK, France and Italy and 12 four-year-course universities in Korea were sellected. At first, the educational systems of the nations above and the information about the selected institutions were examined through literature reviews. Then, case studies were performed about the curricula and the other characteristics of the selected fashion design courses by each website or leaflet as well as additional interviews with their course directors or graduates. The results of this study are as follow: First, Korean fashion design education system needs to be specialized and subdivided with a curriculum centered on fashion design. Second, a foundation course needs to be developed to raise a broad and creative approach for design as well as to discover each student's aptitude. Third, the curricula about design process and research methodology need to raise a problem-solving individual of ability. Fourth, a project-based fashion design education is required by a specialized education as well as multi-disciplinary programs. Fifth, an industry- related and market-based fashion design education is asked through internships, professional teaching staff, industry-sponsored projects, seminars and professional design critics. Sixth, English and technology needs to be added to the curricula to develop global professionals. Finally, a cultural fashion design education based on Korean identity is required to develop the Korean fashion industry into a higher value-added business.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.85-104
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• 2018

Globally, more than 90 percent of all international commerce takes place via sea freight. In terms of container cargo volume, Busan Port is the world's sixth largest port, given its geographical conditions. Regarding geographic advantages, a cargo-working operation that met customers' demand using a 24-hour operating delivery system also contributed to the growth of Busan Port as a global hub. However, research and studies on the working conditions for stevedores are lacking, even though the port industry relies heavily on human resources. Therefore, this study identifies the awareness of the working environment by cargo-working employees at Busan Port and their satisfaction level related to their working environment, such as working two shifts in a 24-hour period.