• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.15 no.8
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• pp.33-44
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• 2021

This study was intended to suggest the future direction of catering companies in line with the new normal in the era of COVID-19. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of image and awareness of signs for safe restaurant on behavioral intentions. As a result of testing the hypothesis, first, it was found that the image of the sign for the safe restaurant had a significant effect on the recognition. Second, the image of the safe restaurant sign has a significant effect on trust. Third, it was found that the awareness of the signs for the safe restaurant had a significant effect on trust. Fourth, trust had a significant effect on behavior intention. Fifth, it was found that the image and awareness of the sign in the safe restaurant did not have a statistically significant effect on the behavioral intention. Sixth, it was found that the image of the sign at the safe restaurant and the awareness of the sign at the safe restaurant completely mediate trust and have a significant effect on the behavioral intention. The results of this study show the need for publicity activities to raise awareness of the safe restaurant certification and the importance of giving trust to consumers.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.7
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• pp.45-49
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• 1996

The purpose for this study shows general planning direction about showroom which can enhance sales promotion, and corporate image and through buyer negotiation increasing export. We can divide showroom as promotional showroom and institutional showroom as a whole. The results of this research can be summarized as follows : There is no uniformed design plan of display for the P.R of showroom. And they need independent business space. But, there is no attractive factors to fascinate their consumer and thus there is no sufficient service facility, Also, some more effective planning is needed to support their supervisors. I wish to suggest some planning direction on the basis of research problems : We need to divide four space- that is entrance space, display space management space, service space-to allocative effectively space for the purpose of charging product. P.R. We should set up uniformed design policy which can contribute P.R.-that is corporate color, unform . logotype, sign, pamphlet etc.

• Journal of Applied Reliability
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.20-32
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to set up an anomaly detection criteria for sensor data coming from a motorcycle. Methods: Five sensor values for accelerator pedal, engine rpm, transmission rpm, gear and speed are obtained every 0.02 second from a motorcycle. Exploratory data analysis is used to find any pattern in the data. Traditional process control methods such as X control chart and time series models are fitted to find any anomaly behavior in the data. Finally unsupervised learning algorithm such as k-means clustering is used to find any anomaly spot in the sensor data. Results: According to exploratory data analysis, the distribution of accelerator pedal sensor values is very much skewed to the left. The motorcycle seemed to have been driven in a city at speed less than 45 kilometers per hour. Traditional process control charts such as X control chart fail due to severe autocorrelation in each sensor data. However, ARIMA model found three abnormal points where they are beyond 2 sigma limits in the control chart. We applied a copula based Markov chain to perform statistical process control for correlated observations. Copula based Markov model found anomaly behavior in the similar places as ARIMA model. In an unsupervised learning algorithm, large sensor values get subdivided into two, three, and four disjoint regions. So extreme sensor values are the ones that need to be tracked down for any sign of anomaly behavior in the sensor values. Conclusion: Exploratory data analysis is useful to find any pattern in the sensor data. Process control chart using ARIMA and Joe's copula based Markov model also give warnings near similar places in the data. Unsupervised learning algorithm shows us that the extreme sensor values are the ones that need to be tracked down for any sign of anomaly behavior.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.577-587
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• 2012

Warm disease: Any of various heat disease characterizer by rapid onset and shifts, pronounced heat signs, and a tendency to form dryness and damage yin. Exterior heat sign: exterior heat patterns are characterizer by pronounced heat signs, such as a red sore pharynx and a relatively red tongue with dry fur, the pulse is floating and rapid, cough and the production of thick white or yellow phlegm. If wind-heat evil exist in weifen, it becomes exterior syndrome, and a remedy about that is dispelling wind-heat but when wind-heat evil invades in nasal and throat part so the disease occurs, you need to add relieving sore throat worsens invades in lung it makes disharmony of diffuse in lungs. So a remedy about it is diffuse the lung. disharmony of diffuse in lungs makes metabolic disorder of qi and liquid and humor malfunction therefore it occurs cough and heat-phlegm syndrome. heat from weifen invades the whole of lungs and form lung heat. So a remedy about lung heat is clearing away lung heat, this lung heat makes inevitably bleed in lungs, therefore a remedy in this case is clearing the lung to stop bleeding, or moistening the lung. Exterior heat sign means that exterior syndrome coexists with heat syndrome and it means that a remedy of this syndrome need to mix prescriptions for relieving exterior syndrome and heat-clearing prescriptions to treat this syndrome.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.28-35
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• 2003

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate correlations in vital sign changes, the severity of pain, signs of complications, and the duration of sandbag management in order to suggest a standardized practice related to sandbag management in children with Nephrotic Syndrome(NS). Method: From October 2000 to May 2001, seventy children with NS who underwent kidney biopsy were interviewed at one hospital in Seoul Korea, and participated in this study. Result: 1) The average sandbag applying time after kidney biopsy was 18.1 hours. 2) Systolic blood pressure and respiration increased until 15 minutes after kidney biopsy, after then, they decreased signifi- cantly (systolic BP, p= .006; respiration, p= .029). However, no significant changes were noted in diastolic blood pressure and pulse. 3) Pain was reported minimal for 1 hour after kidney biopsy. The severity of pain increased until 12 hours after the procedure, then, decreased significantly(p= .0001). 4) Reported complications were hematuria (74.7％) and abnormal sonogram (32.9％). No apparent bleeding on the biopsy region was reported in any children. Conclusion: From these findings, it is possible to change the protocols of the duration of absolute bed rest time and sandbag application management shortly after kidney biopsy. But it is needed to study the fit protocols for kidney biopsy. Several implications in nursing practice are suggested. 1) Replicated studies for more participants are needed. 2) Further research on the effect of sandbag application after kidney biopsy is required. 3) The best duration of sandbag application management after kidney biopsy need to be investigated.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.63-73
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• 2015

Objective: The goal of this study is to evaluate the comprehensibility of the newly introduced water-sport prohibitive signs by the Ministry of Knowledge Economy (MKE, later merged into the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy) among Koreans and westerners, and to check whether the comprehensibility is affected by cultural differences. Background: The Ministry of Knowledge Economy had newly introduced fourteen water-sport prohibitive signs at the end of 2011 to alert people to potentially dangerous situations. However, no studies had been found so far to review or assess their comprehensibility. Method: Comprehensibility tests of fourteen water-sport prohibitive signs were conducted with forty Koreans and forty Westerners in two sequential sessions. In session I, participants were asked to guess the meaning of each sign verbally in an open-ended test. In session II, participants were encouraged to provide feedback for each sign after its intended meaning was given. Results: Only two out of fourteen signs satisfied the comprehension rate (67%) recommended by ISO standard for both groups (Koreans and Westerners). Cultural difference between Koreans and westerners significantly affect the comprehension rates of the investigated signs, and Westerners exhibit better overall comprehension than Koreans. Five poorly comprehended signs for both Korean and Western groups were identified. Conclusion: The recently introduced water-sport prohibitive warning signs by MKE still need a lot of improvements in order to be implemented nationally or internationally. There were significant differences in the signs' comprehensibility between Koreans and westerners. Application: The findings may serve as a useful input for researchers and watersport sign designers in creating easy-to-comprehend safety signs.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.769-780
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• 2014

In general, internet users need to remember several IDs and passwords when they use diverse web sites. From an effective management perspective, SSO system was suggested to reduce user inconvenience. Kerberos authentication, which uses centralized system management, is a typical example of a broker-based SSO authentication model. However, further research is required, because the existing Kerberos authentication system has security vulnerability problems of password and replay attacks. In SSO authentication systems, a major security vulnerability is the replay attack. When user credentials are seized by attackers, an authorized session can be obtained through a replay attack. In this paper, an improved SSO authentication model based on the broker-based model and a secure lightweight SSO mechanism against credential replay attack is proposed.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.115-125
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• 2014

Purpose: Stable vital signs (SVSs) are thought to be the most important criteria for successful non-operative management (NOM) of blunt spleen injury (BSI). However, a consistent definition of SVSs has been lacking. We wanted to evaluate the diversity of the definitions of SVSs by using a nationwide survey. Methods: A questionnaire regarding the definition of SVSs was sent to the trauma surgeons working at the Department of Trauma Surgery and Emergency Medicine at a level-I trauma center between October 2011 and November 2011. Data were compared using analyses of the variance, t-tests, ${\chi}^2$ tests and logistic regressions. Results: Among 201 surgeons, 198 responded (98.2%). Of these 198 responses, 45 were incomplete, so only 153 (76.1%) were analyzed. In defining the SVSs, significant diversity existed on the subjects of type of blood pressure (BP), cut-off value for hypotension, technique for measuring BP, duration of hypotension, whether or not to use the heart rate (HR) as a determinant, cut-off value of hypotension when the patient had a comorbidity or when the patient was a child. Of the 153 surgeons whose responses were analyzed, 91.5% replied that they were confused when defining SVSs. Conclusion: Confusion exists regarding how to define SVSs. Most surveyed surgeons felt that a need existed to clarify both the definition of SVSs and the use of SVSs to determine hemodynamic stability for NOM.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.6 no.9
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• pp.2405-2423
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• 2012

In a traditional Single Sign-On (SSO) scheme, the user and the Service Providers (SPs) have given their trust to the Identity Provider (IdP) or Authentication Service Provider (ASP) for the authentication and correct assertion. However, we still need a better solution for the local/native true SSO to gain user confidence, whereby the trusted entity must play the role of the ASP between distinct SPs. This technical gap has been filled by Trusted Computing (TC), where the remote attestation approach introduced by the Trusted Computing Group (TCG) is to attest whether the remote platform integrity is indeed trusted or not. In this paper, we demonstrate a Trustworthy Mutual Attestation (TMutualA) protocol as a proof of concept implementation for a local true SSO using the Integrity Measurement Architecture (IMA) with the Trusted Platform Module (TPM). In our proposed protocol, firstly, the user and SP platform integrity are checked (i.e., hardware and software integrity state verification) before allowing access to a protected resource sited at the SP and releasing a user authentication token to the SP. We evaluated the performance of the proposed TMutualA protocol, in particular, the client and server attestation time and the round trip of the mutual attestation time.

• Quality Improvement in Health Care
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.18-31
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• 2000

Background : This study is to identify the inappropriate hospital services for elderly inpatients over 65 years in general hospital with acute care functioning. Consequently elderly inpatient care and the management of long-term care facilities are key issues for current government health policy. Method : The survey was conducted for two months for all inpatients over 65 in 7 general hospitals, 6 work sampling days randomly selected. In each survey day, the subjective judgement by medical staff on the degree of acute care needs and by nursing unit manager on hospital services of each inpatients was also conducted. Result : The total number of cases collected are 2,541 elderly inpatients, according to subjective judgements by medical staff on inpatient condition. However 46.8% of cases are turned out to be non-acute care group. The frequency of medical services provided to non-acute group are 2~3 vital sign checks per day 78.2%, IV injection 40.1%, antibiotics medication 20.2%. Conclusion : Lots of elderly patients' who are staving in acute hospitals, at present need to be transferred to long-term care facilities. However, there was been shortage of long-term care facilities. It is expected to identify the need of elderly inpatients and therefore, to provide cost-effective, appropriate and good quality health services to elderly inpatients depending on their needs.