• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제10권3호통권36호
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• pp.327-338
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• 1998

본 연구는 강제라멘교각 접합부의 탄성거동에 대하여 검토한 것이다. 여기에서는 접합부 시험체의 실험결과와 FEM해석모델에 대한 결과를 비교하였다. 이와 같은 해석 및 실험결과를 비교 검토한 결과, 접합부 panel zone에서의 전단응력분포는 단면적비$(A_f/A_w)$에 따라 변화한다는 것과 전단지연(shear lag)현상에 의하여 플랜지에 발생하는 부가응력 또한 기존의 제안식과 현저한 차이가 있음을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 이상의 실험 및 해석결과를 기초로하여 접합부의 설계변수의 영향을 고려한 panel zone과 플랜지의 응력평가방법을 제안하였다.

• 대한조선학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.37-44
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• 1970

The plate under shear loading umformly distributed on the end portions of its side boundary was considered. Infinite hyperbolic serieses and Fourier serieses were combined as a stress function and from which exact solutions for the 15 cases for the parameters of b/L=0.25, 0.5, 1.0 and l/L=0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0 are obtained. In each cases the first 5 terms of the infinite series at the 36 points as shown in Fig. 3. The results are presented in Fig. 4-1, 4-2, and 4-3. The conclusions are as follows: 1) The stresses ${\sigma}_x$ increase very slightly as $\chi$ increases in the range of 0<x<L-l 2) When the parameters satisfy the conditions b/L<0.25 and l/L<0.2, the stresses in the region of 0<x<L-l can be obtained by replacing the uniform shear loading by the equivalent uniform shear loading by the equivalent uniform tensile force and pure bending moment at x=l. 3) The stress ${\sigma}_y$ is negligible throughout the region. 4) When the parameter b/L varies, the stresses ${\sigma}_x$ and u vary as L/b, while strain $\upsilon$ varies as $(L/b)^2$.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제84권3호
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• pp.375-391
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• 2022

This paper discussed and analyzed the interfacial stress distribution characteristic of adjacent cracks in Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) plate strengthened concrete slabs. One un-strengthened concrete test beam and four CFRP plate-strengthened concrete test beams were designed to carry out four-point flexural tests. The test data shows that the interfacial shear stress between the interface of CFRP plate and concrete can effectively reduce the crack shrinkage of the tensile concrete and reduces the width of crack. The maximum main crack flexural height in pure bending section of the strengthened specimen is smaller than that of the un-strengthened specimen, the CFRP plate improves the rigidity of specimens without brittle failure. The average ultimate bearing capacity of the CFRP-strengthened specimens was increased by 64.3% compared to that without CFRP-strengthen. This indicites that CFRP enhancement measures can effectively improve the ultimate bearing capacity and delay the occurrence of debonding damage. Based on the derivation of mechanical analysis model, the calculation formula of interfacial shear stress between adjacent cracks is proposed. The distributions characteristics of interfacial shear stress between certain crack widths were given. In the intermediate cracking region of pure bending sections, the length of the interfacial softening near the mid-span cracking position gradually increases as the load increases. The CFRP-concrete interface debonding capacity with the larger adjacent crack spacing is lower than that with the smaller adjacent crack spacing. The theoretical calculation results of interfacial bonding shear stress between adjacent cracks have good agreement with the experimental results. The interfacial debonding failure between adjacent cracks in the intermediate cracking region was mainly caused by the root of the main crack. The larger the spacing between adjacent cracks exists, the easier the interfacial debonding failure occurs.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.25-33
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• 1986

일반적(一般的)으로 대규모(大規模) 하천(河川)은 저수로(低水路)와 고수부지(高水敷地)를 갖는 복단면수로(複斷面水路)로 되어있다. 복단면(複斷面) 수로(修路)에 대한 일반적인 해석방법은 저수로(低水路)에서 고수부지(高水敷地)로의 운동량(運動量) 전달(傳達)을 무시하였기 때문에 소통능력을 과대하게 평가(評價)하는 경향을 보여왔다. 따라서 본(本) 연구(硏究)에서는 운동량(運動量) 전달(傳達)을 고려하여 비대칭 고수부지(高水敷地)를 갖는 구형단면(矩形斷面)의 실험수로(實驗水路)에서 실험(實驗)하였으며, 단면의 여러 점에서 유속(流速)을 측정(測定)하고 유속분포(流速分布)로부터 경계층의 전단응력을 계산하여 윤변을 따라 이를 적분(積分)하여 겉보기 전단력을 구한다. 그리고 복단면(複斷面) 수로(水路)에서의 수리학적(水理學的) 특성(特性)을 실험단면(實驗斷面)의 유속분포(流速分布), 경계층의 전단응력(剪斷應力), 그리고 겉보기 전단력 등의 여러 가지 관계로부터 규명하였다.

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.59-67
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 단독말뚝의 주변에서 실시되는 터널의 굴착이 지반 및 말뚝에 미치는 영향을 3차원 수치해석을 통하여 분석하였다. 수치해석에서는 말뚝과 주변지반 사이에 경계면요소를 이용하여 소성항복 발생조건을 모델링하였다. 수치해석을 통하여 풍화토 및 풍화암에 시공된 터널과 말뚝의 상호거동에 대한 분석을 실시하였다. 수치해석을 통해 말뚝의 침하, 말뚝과 지반 경계면에서의 상대변위, 전단응력 및 말뚝의 축력변화를 분석하였다. 특히 터널의 굴착과 관련된 전단응력의 전이과정에 대한 심도있는 분석을 실시하였다. 터널굴착에 의한 말뚝-지반 경계면에서 상대변위의 변화로 인하여 말뚝에 작용하는 전단응력 및 축력의 분포가 변하게 된다. 말뚝 본체 대부분에서는 상향의 전단응력이 발생하는 반면(Z/L=0.0-0.8), 말뚝선단부근에서는(Z/L=0.8-1.0) 하향의 전단응력이 발생하여 말뚝에 인장력이 발생된다. 수치해석을 통해서 터널굴착이 말뚝 거동에 미치는 영향을 상세하게 분석하였다.

• Coupled systems mechanics
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.421-440
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• 2018

In this study, a computational method for wall shear stress combined with an implicit direct-forcing immersed boundary method is presented. Near the immersed boundaries, the sub-grid stress is determined by a wall model in which the wall shear stress is directly calculated from the Lagrangian force on the immersed boundary. A coupling mathematical model of the transition process for a model Francis turbine comprising turbulent flow and rotating rigid guide vanes is established. The spatiotemporal distributions of pressure, velocity, vorticity and turbulent quantity are gained with the transient process; the drag and lift coefficients as well as other forces (moments) are also obtained as functions of the attack angle. At the same time, analysis is conducted of the characteristics of pressure pulsation, velocity stripes and vortex structure at some key parts of flowing passage. The coupling relations among the turbulent flow, the dynamical force (moment) response of blade and the rotating of guide vane are also obtained.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.1569-1582
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• 2015

Two hyperbolic displacement models are used for the bending response of simply-supported orthotropic laminated composite plates resting on two-parameter elastic foundations under mechanical loading. The models contain hyperbolic expressions to account for the parabolic distributions of transverse shear stresses and to satisfy the zero shear-stress conditions at the top and bottom surfaces of the plates. The present theory takes into account not only the transverse shear strains, but also their parabolic variation across the plate thickness and requires no shear correction coefficients in computing the shear stresses. The governing equations are derived and their closed-form solutions are obtained. The accuracy of the models presented is demonstrated by comparing the results obtained with solutions of other theories models given in the literature. It is found that the theories proposed can predict the bending analysis of cross-ply laminated composite plates resting on elastic foundations rather accurately. The effects of Winkler and Pasternak foundation parameters, transverse shear deformations, plate aspect ratio, and side-to-thickness ratio on deflections and stresses are investigated.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.629-639
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• 2002

In-vitro flow characteristics downstream of a polyurethane artificial heart valve and a Bjork-Shiley Monostrut mechanical valve have been comparatively investigated in pulsatile flow using particle image velocimetry (PIV). With a triggering system and a time-delayed circuit the velocity distributions on the two perpendicular measurement planes downstream of the valves are evaluated at any given instant in conjunction with the opening behaviors of valve leaflets during a cardiac cycle. The regions of stasis and high shear stress can be found simultaneously by examining the entire view of the instantaneous velocity and Reynolds shear stress fields. It is known that high shear stress regions exist at the interface between strong axial jet flows along the wall and vortical flows in the central area distal to the valves. In addition. there are large stagnation or recirculation regions in the vicinity of the valve leaflet, where thrombus formation can be induced by accumulation of blood elements damaged in the high shear stress zones. A correlation between the unsteady flow patterns downstream of the valve and the corresponding opening postures of the polyurethane valve membrane gives useful data necessary for improved design of the frame structure and leaflet geometry of the polyurethane valve.

• 국제강구조저널
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.1139-1152
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• 2018

Many studies on the application of stainless steels as structural materials in buildings and infra-structures have been performed thanks to superior characteristics of corrosion resistance, fire resistance and aesthetic appeal. Experimental investigation to estimate the ultimate strength and fracture mode of the fillet-welded connections of cold-formed austenitic stainless steel (STS304L) with better intergranular corrosion resistance than that of austenitic stainless steel, STS304 commonly used has carried out by authors. Specimens were fabricated to fail by base metal fracture not weld metal fracture with main variables of weld lengths according to loading direction. All specimens showed a block shear fracture mode. In this paper, finite element analysis model was developed to predict the ultimate behaviors of welded connection and its validity was verified through the comparison with test results. Since the block shear behavior of welded connection due to stress triaxiality and shear-lag effects is different from that of bolted connection, stress and strain distributions in the critical path of tensile and shear fracture section were investigated. Test and analysis strengths were compared with those by current design specifications such as AISC, EC3 and existing researcher's proposed equations. In addition, through parametric analysis with extended variables, the conditions of end distance and longitudinal weld length for block shear fracture and tensile fracture were suggested.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.533-542
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• 1999

In this study the flow characteristics of developing turbulent pulsating flows in a square-sec-tional 180。 curved duct are investigated experimentally. The experimental study of air flow in a square-sectional curved duct is carried out to measure axial velocity distribution secondary flow velocity profiles and wall shear stress distributions by using a Laser Doppler Velocimetry system with the data acquisition and processing system of Rotating Machinery Resolver (RMR) and PHASE software at the entrance region of the duct which is divided into 7 sections from the inlet(${{\o}}=0_{\circ}$) to the outlet (${{\o}}=180_{\circ}$) in $30_{\circ}$ intervals. The results obtained from the study are summarized as follows: (1) The time-averaged critical Dean number of turbulent pulsating flow(De ta, cr) is greater than $75{\omega}+$ It is understood that the critical Dean number and the critical Reynolds number are related to the dimensionless angular frequency in a curved duct. (2) Axial velocity profiles of turbulent pulsating flows are of an annular type similar to those of turbulent stead flows. (3) Secondary flows of trubulent pulsating flows are strong and complex at the entrance region. As velocity amplitudes(A1) become larger secondary flows become stronger. (4) Wall shear stress distributions of turbulent pulsating flows in a square-sectional $180_{\circ}$ curved duct are exposed variously in the outer wall and are stabilized in the inner wall without regard to the phase angle.