• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.125-133
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• 2016

In this study, efforts were made to enhance the mechanical properties of the poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) fibers of medium molecular weight(number-average degree of polymerization=1735) varying the ratio in $DMSO/H_2O$ mixed solvent and spinning/drawing conditions. The gel fibers prepared from pure DMSO were opaquely frozen in the coagulating bath of $-20^{\circ}C$. However, transparent gel fibers were formed without freezing for the mixture to contain water less than 80wt%. As the amount of water in the mixture increased the residual solvent in the coagulated gel fibers decreased ranging from 85 to 42wt%. The complex viscosity increased with increasing PVA concentration in 80/20 $DMSO/H_2O$ exhibiting remarkable shear thinning at 18wt%. In the Cole-Cole plot, the 18wt% PVA solutions gave a deviated curve from 12 and 15wt% ones. Thus the optimum PVA concentration for the spinning processing of medium MW PVA solutions in 80/20 $DMSO/H_2O$ was determined to 18wt% with rheological concept. Low degree of drawing during hot drawing process in the dry state was available for high bath draft in the coagulation bath. The most improved mechanical properties were observed by applying the highest possible draw ratio attained by reducing bath draft over multi-step drawing process. In the given bath draft, linear relationship was observed between both tensile strength and modulus and draw ratio showing the inflection points at the draw ratio of 19.5 and 18.0 for tensile strength and modulus, respectively.

• Composites Research
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.239-243
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• 2015

최근 탄소나노튜브 (CNT) 고유의 특성을 충분히 발현하면서, 섬유화를 통해 장점을 극대화 할 수 있는 탄소나노튜브 섬유 합성 방법 및 후처리 공정들이 많은 관심을 받아왔다. 그러나 개별 탄소나노튜브가 다발형태로 집속되어지는 과정 중, 탄소나노튜브 상호간 약한 계면결합력과 전단특성으로 인하여 원하는 섬유 물성을 확보하기 어려운 문제점을 갖고 있다. 이를 해결하기 위해서 본 연구에서는 Direct Spinning 방법을 통한 탄소나노튜브의 연속적인 합성과 다양한 후처리 방법을 이용하여 탄소나노튜브 섬유의 기계적 특성을 조사하였다. 플라즈마 후처리를 통하여 측정된 탄소나노튜브 섬유의 기계적 물성은 본래의 섬유보다 최대 40%가 증가됨을 확인하였다.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.215-222
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• 1995

C형 및 중공형 탄소섬유는 방직(spinning)시 홀의 전단응력을 원형의 그것에 비해서 더 광범위하게 걸쳐받게 됨으로 분자배향을 고도로 유도할 수가 있다. 핏치계 이방성 중공 및 C형 탄소섬유 강화재의 축 횡방향 열전도도를 에폭시 모재 하에서 실험하였다. 열이방성 정도에 있어 원형 탄소섬유 보강재인 경우 50 정도 였으나, C형과 중공형 보강재는 최고치로 대략 130과 118 정도를 보임으로써 원형 강화재 보다 200%이상 우수한 열이방성을 보였다.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.58-65
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• 2002

This study surveys the physical properties of Solo-spun fabrics related to the characteristics of Solo-spun yarns, which were described in previous reports. For this purposes, 6 kinds of fabrics were woven on the pilot loom. 3 kinds of Solo-spun yarns with the 3 level of twist mutiplier of Nm 1/30 and 3 kinds of conventional ring-spun yarns with the same levels of twist multipliers of the same yarn counts. The fabrics were of 2/2 twill and clear-cut finished. The physical properties were surveyed by means of KES-FB system. Solo-spun fabrics seemed to be stiffer than ring spun fabrics as showing the lower extensibility with higher tensile energy, the higher bending rigidity, and the higher shear rigidity. Solo-spun fabrics showed the lower value in surface friction coefficient and surface roughness. For fabric abrasion tests, Solo-spun fabrics showed the higher pill resistance.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• 제18권4E호
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• pp.20-25
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• 1999

To get accurate natural frequencies of an engine crankshafts, finite element equations of motion are developed, taking real geometries of the shaft into account. For the crankshaft with wide crank webs, a specialized rotating web element is developed. This includes the effects of rotary inertia, gyroscopic moment, and shear. After the finite element equations are constructed, eigenvalues are extracted from the system equations to get natural frequencies, based on the Sturm sequence method which exploits the banded forms of the system matrices to reduce computations. The scheme developed can be used for the free vibration analysis of any type of spinning structures which include skew symmetric gyroscopic moment matrix in the system matrices. The results are compared with experimental data in order to confirm the study.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제19권9호
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• pp.13-19
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• 2018

MWCNT (다중벽 탄소 나노튜브)의 종류와 유동 형태가 폴리카보네이트 (PC)/MWCNT 나노 복합체의 전기 전도도에 미치는 영향을 관찰하였다. MWCNT의 종류가 바뀌면 사출 성형으로 제조된 PC/MWCNT의 전기 전도도가 크게 변하는 것을 관찰하였다. MWCNT 의 종횡비가 클수록 사출 성형품의 전기 전도도는 낮았고 압축 성형으로 제조한 시료의 전기 전도도는 MWCNT의 종류에 상관없이 비슷하였다. 이 결과는 MWCNT의 변형과 크게 상관있는 것으로 조사되었다. 종횡비가 클수록 외부 응력이 작용할 때 MWCNT의 배향도가 올라가고 MWCNT들의 접촉에 의한 전도성 길 (path)가 끊어져서 전기전도도가 낮아지는 것으로 생각된다. 연신력과 전단 속도가 큰 조건에서 제조된 시료의 전기 전도도가 크게 낮아지는 것을 관찰하였다. 이는 높은 전단력과 연신력에서 MWCNT의 배향이 높아지고 그 결과 MWCNT 들의 접촉이 단절되면서 전기 전도도가 낮아지는 것임을 다양한 실험으로 부터 알 수 있었다. 여러 실험 결과 들을 MWCNT의 배향과 전도길 변화와의 연관성의 관점으로 토의하였다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제31권9호
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• pp.2637-2643
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• 2010

In order to develop a new line injection system for spin draw yarn (FD SDY) fibers, the effect of various parameters in extrusion and melt line conditions on the dispersion and distribution of $TiO_2$ particles within FD PET fibers was investigated. As a result, the dispersibility of $TiO_2$ particles in a PET matrix is found to depend on the particle size and its surface characteristics. Surface modification of $TiO_2$ by dimethyl polysiloxane resulted in the improved dispersibility and affinity of $TiO_2$ particles in the PET matrix. Especially, residence time, mixing temperature, and mixing shear rate in the new line injection system under the SDY spinning process were very important parameters to minimize the agglomeration of $TiO_2$ particles. The FD SDY prepared by the new line injection system was superior to those using the polymerization process and the conventional masterbatch chip dosing process in the color-L and color-b values of the fibers.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.107-117
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• 2018

Nettle fiber, a sustainable fiber, was applied to the fabrication of denim to identify changes in textile appearance and formation. For the weaving of nettle denim, nine specimens, distinguished by three kinds of composite use of nettle fiber and three stages of fabrication processes, were used. The kinetic characteristics of the nine specimens were measured by the KES-FB system, and the images of the specimens of finished denim textiles, captured with a CCD Camera, were analyzed. In terms of the extensibility (EM) of nettle denim, all specimens showed post-processing increase, thereby suggesting an easy transformation of the textile as a source material for denim fabric. The effects of washing on the woven formation of denim were also identified. The geometric roughness (SMD), the problematic property of bast-fiber-like nettle fiber, was found to be decreased by washing. In terms of the bending rigidity (B) of the textile, the post-processing shrinking percentage of elastic nettle denim was found to decrease; all specimens that underwent bio-washing only also manifested that post-processing elasticity increased. To improve the draping of nettle denim, a mixed spinning together with washing were found to be advantageous. In terms of the shear stiffness (G), which is closely associated with the appearance of clothes, the formation of textile was improved regardless of the types of processing, including bio-washing and bleach washing.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제24권8호
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• pp.583-591
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• 2014

The mathematical modeling on the free vibration and stability of a multi-stepped shaft of turbo compressor is performed in this study. The multi-stepped shaft is modeled as a non-uniform Timoshenko beam supported by anisotropic bearings. It is assumed that the shaft is spinning with constant speed about its longitudinal axis and subjected to a conservative axial force induced by front and rear impellers attached to the shaft. The structural model incorporates non-classical features such as transverse shear and rotary inertia. A structural coupling between vertical and lateral motions is induced by Coriolis acceleration terms. The governing equations are derived via Hamilton's variational principle and the equations are transformed to the standard form of an eigenvalue problem. The implications of combined gyroscopic effect, conservative axial force, bearing stiffness and damping are revealed and a number of pertinent conclusions are outlined. In this study analytical results are compared with those from ANSYS finite element analysis and experimental modal testing.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.372-385
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• 2014

Lignin is an abundant natural polymer in the biosphere and second only to cellulose; however, it is under-utilized and considered a waste. In this study, lignin was fabricated into nanofibers via electrospinning. The critical parameters that affected the electrospinnability and morphology of the resulting fibers were examined with the aim to utilize lignin as a resource for a new textile material. Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) was added as a carrier polymer to facilitate the fiber formation of lignin, and the electrospun fibers were deposited on polyester (PET) nonwoven substrate. Eleven lignin/PVA hybrid solutions with a different lignin to PVA mass ratio were prepared and then electrospun to find an optimum concentration. Lignin nano-fibers were electrospun under a variety of conditions such as various feed rates, needle gauges, electric voltage, and tip-to-collector distances in order to find an optimum spinning condition. We found that the optimum concentration for electrospinning was a 5wt% PVA precursor solution upon the addition of lignin with the mass ratio of PVA:lignin=1:5.6. The viscosity of the lignin/PVA hybrid solution was determined as an important parameter that affected the electrospinning process; in addition, the interrelation between the viscosity of hybrid solution and the electrospinnability was examined. The solution viscosity increased with lignin loading, but exhibited a shear thinning behavior beyond a certain concentration that resulted in needle clogging. A steep increase in viscosity was also noted when the electrospun system started to form fibers. Consequently, the viscosity range to produce bead-free lignin nanofibers was revealed. The energy dispersive X-ray analysis confirmed that lignin remained after being transformed into nanofibers. The results indicate the possibility of developing a new fiber material that utilizes biomass with resulting fibers that can be applied to various applications such as filtration to wound dressing.