• 한국식품영양과학회지
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.306-310
• /
• 1987

발엽종실(廢棄種實)을 식량자원(食糧資源)에 이용(利用)하기 위한 연구(硏究)의 일환(一環)으로서 살구씨의 단백질(蛋白質) 성분(成分)을 분석(分析)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 살구씨의 일반성분(一般成分) 중(中) 조단백질(粗蛋白質)은 23.34%였다. 2. 염용해성(鹽溶解性) 단백질(蛋白質)의 추출률(抽出率)은 35%, 아미노산 조성(組成)은 glutamic acid가 가장 높은 함량(含量)이였고, 다음이 aspartic acid, arginine의 순이었다. 3. 살구씨 단백질(蛋白質)의 전기영동(電氣泳動) 결과(結果) 9개의 band를 나타내었고, 분획(分劃)된 주단백질(主蛋白質)의 收率(수율)은 약 40.1%였다. 4. Sephadex 200 gel 여과법에 의한 정제단백질의 분자량은 110,000이었으며, 1% SDS-poly-acrylamide gel 전기영동에 의한 subunit 주단백질(主蛋白質) 분자량(分子量)은 49,000이었다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
• /
• 제22권3호
• /
• pp.227-235
• /
• 2009

Single seeds of common buckwheat cultivar Suwon No. 1 when subjected to SDS-PAGE revealed very high polymorphism. High variation existed for protein or protein subunits with molecular weight 54-47kDa, 45-25kDa and 16-11kDa. The electrophoregram showed variation for globulin as well as other protein fractions. About 300 proteins were separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis in common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.) seed. Seed maturation is a dynamic and temporally regulated phase of seed development that determines the composition of storage proteins reserves in mature seeds. Buckwheat seeds from 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 days after pollination and matured stage were used for the analysis. This led to the establishment of high-resolution proteome reference maps, expression profiles of 48 spots. It was identified 48 proteins from MALDI-TOF/MS analysis of wild buckwheat seed storage proteins. The 48 proteins were found identical or similar to those of proteins reported in buckwheat and other plants; it is belonging to 9 major functional categories including seed storage proteins, stress/defense response, protein synthesis, photosynthesis, allergy proteins, amino acid, enzyme, metabolism, and miscellaneous. It appears that the major allergenic storage protein separated played the important role in buckwheat breeding and biochemical characterization.

• 한국자원식물학회지
• /
• 제10권3호
• /
• pp.221-226
• /
• 1997

Improvement of seed protein quality might be an essential issus in soybean and would give more profit directly to both farmers and users. This study was carried out to investigate the effects of reduced-S form(s) on seed storage protein components in soybean during seed filling stages. The reduced-S forms during seed fill were sodium thiosulfate, sodium sulfite, sodium sulfide, thioaceteat, $\beta$-mercaptoethanol, thiourea, thiamine-HCI, L-cysteine, L-cystine, and L-methionine. Seed storage protein concentration did not appear to be affected by any reduced-S forms. However, glycinin and $\beta$-conglycinin concentration seemed to be changed greatly by L-methionine. This resulted in the increase in the 11S/7S ratio(3.58). Among the $\beta$-conglycinin, $\beta$-subunit was not accumulated at all. $\alpha$-subunit concentration appeared to be decreased and $\alpha'$-subunit concentration was not altered in comparison with sulfate control. Also, $\beta$-conglycine concentration, especially $\beta$-subunit concentration, tended to be decreased with L-cystine treatment, resulting in an increase in the 11S/7S ratio(1.83). The glycinin concentration tended to be increased at the expense of the decrease in the $\beta$-conglycinin concentration. Therefore, it is suggested that enhancing soybean protein quality would be achieved by improving metabolic pathways of S assimilation in soybean plants during seed filling period under sulfate-sufficient condition.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국자원식물학회 2021년도 춘계학술대회
• /
• pp.15-15
• /
• 2021

Seed coat color and seed weight are among the key agronomical traits that determine the nutritional quality of soybean seeds. This study aimed to evaluate the contents of total protein, total oil and five prominent fatty acids in seeds of 49 soybean varieties recently cultivated in Korea, and assess the influences of seed coat color and seed weight on each. Total protein and total oil contents were in the ranges of 36.28-44.19% and 13.45-19.20%, respectively. Likewise, individual fatty acid contents were in the ranges of 9.90-12.55, 2.45-4.00, 14.97-38.74, 43.22-60.26, and 5.37-12.33% for palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, and linolenic acids, respectively. Our results found significant variations of protein, oil and fatty acid contents between the soybean varieties. Moreover, both seed coat color and seed weight significantly affected total oil and fatty acid contents. Total protein content, however, was not significantly affected by any factor. Among colored soybeans, pale-yellow soybeans were characterized by a high level of oleic acid (30.70%) and low levels of stearic (2.72%), linoleic (49.30%) and linolenic (6.44%) acids, each being significantly different from the rest of colored soybeans (p < 0.05). On the other hand, small soybeans were characterized by high levels of all individual fatty acids except oleic acid. The level of oleic acid was significantly high in large seeds. Cluster analysis grouped the soybeans into two classes with notable content differences. Principal component analysis also revealed fatty acids as the prime factors for the variability observed among the soybean varieties. As expected, total oil and total protein contents showed a negative association with each other (r = -0.714, p < 0.0001). Besides, oleic acid and linoleic acid showed a tradeoff relationship (r = -0.936, p < 0.0001) which was reflected with respect to both seed coat color and seed weight. In general, the results of this study shade light on the significance of seed coat color and seed weight to distinguish soybeans in terms of protein, oil and fatty acid contents. Moreover, the soybean varieties with distinct characteristics and nutritional contents identified in this study could be important genetic resources for consumption and cultivar development.

• Journal of Plant Biology
• /
• 제22권1_2호
• /
• pp.1-4
• /
• 1979

Wild soybean plants(Glycine ussuriensis) collected from Korea(47 strains) and abroad(41 strains) were grown under field condition and classified according to the growth habit. Seeds were analyzed for protein content. The results were as follows: 1. Wild soybean plants were classified into three groups each by seed size, growth habit of stem, leaf size and flowering time. 2. Seed protein was higher in the strains with large leaves, tendril, stem or late flowering. 3. Glycine gracilis, supposed to be the intermediate species between cultivated and wild soybean(according to the stem growth habit, straight or semitendril, and seed size) was medium in protein content of seeds. 4. The average protein content of Glycine ussuriensis, 43.2%, was highest in comparison with those of others such as G. gracilis, 37.5%, or G. max, 36.2%. 5. One hundred seed weight of Amphicarpaea trisperm, similar to the wild soybean, was almost same as Glycine ussuriensis, but protein content of this species was lower than wild soybeans.

• 한국육종학회지
• /
• 제41권4호
• /
• pp.612-615
• /
• 2009

Lipoxygenase and Kunitz trypsin inhibitor protein are the main antinutritional factor in mature soybean seed. A new soybean cultivar, "Gaechuck#2" with yellow seed coat, lipoxygenase2,3-free and Kunitz trypsin inhibitor protein-free was developed. It was selected from the population derived from the cross between "Jinpumkong2ho" and C242. Plants of "Gaechuck#2" have determinate growth habit with purple flowers, tawny pubescence, yellow seed coat, yellow hilum, oval leaflet shape and brown pods at maturity. Seed protein and oil content on a dry weight basis were 40.7% and 18.7%, respectively. It has shown a resistant reaction to soybean necrosis, soybean mosaic virus, Cercospora leaf spot and blight, black root rot, pod and stem blight, and soybean pod borer. Gaechuck#2 matured in 4 October with plant height of 54cm and a 100-seed weight of 24.4g. Average Yield of Gaechuck#2 was 230 - 250 kg/10a in 2005 - 2007.

• 한국작물학회지
• /
• 제35권5호
• /
• pp.464-475
• /
• 1990

유채, 계자 등 Brassica속 유전자원을 대상으로 단백질 함량과 아미노산 조성을 분석 조사하여 유채 양질 다수성 품종육성에 필요한 기초자료를 얻고자 시험을 수행한 바 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. Brassica속 유전자원의 단백질 함량은 15.3%에서 36.2%까지의 넓은 변이폭을 보였으며, 평균 단백질 함량은 23.2%로 나타났다. 단백질 함량이 가장 높은 품종은 캐나다 유래의 B.hirta인 Ochre였으며 가장 낮은 품종은 B. napus인 Mirado였다. 2. 종실이 소립으로 가벼울수록 단백질 함량은 높은 경향이었다. 3. Brassica속 작물의 단백질 함량 변이는 B.napus에서 15.3-30.2%의 범위를 보여 주었으며, B.juncea, B.carinata, B.hirta, B.nigra등은 31% 이상으로 매우 높게 나타났다. 4. 단백질 함량과 유박내 유해성분함량간에는 뚜렷한 경향은 없었으나 단백질과 기름 및 1,000립중간에는 고도의 부의 상관을 보여주었다.

• 한국임상수의학회지
• /
• 제19권1호
• /
• pp.49-54
• /
• 2002

Korean safflower (Carthami Flos) seed has been known to have healing effects on both bone fracture and osteoporosis. On the base of such a notice, this experiment was carried out to explore the effects of safflower seed on bone formation and bone repair. In addition, the healing mechanism was evaluated by analysing serum after feeding the seed to experimental. animals. The effect of Korean safflower seed were evaluated with 40 rats,3-month old. Forty Sprague-Dawley rats composed of 20 male and 20 female were underwent unilateral tibial defect and then fastened with unilateral fixators. The operated rats were divided into two groups depending on the composition of diet, such as positive control group fed normal diet (C-OP group) and safflower seed group fed 30% of safflower seed diet and 70% of normal diet (S-OP group). Postoperative radiographys were taken once in 2 weeks to evaluate callus formation for operated groups. In addition, a possible protein spots involved in bone recovery were examined using 2-Dimensional Gel Electrophoresis (2-DE). The comparison of the radiography between C-OP and S-OP group were showed that the safflower seed diet appeared to stimulate the formation of callus in the rat. On the images of 2-BE, it was able to identify possible five protein spots, having pl from 4 to 5 and molecular weight range from 24 to 26 kDa, involved in bone formation and repair, since no differing protein spots were found the two between groups except the five spots. No differences were observed between two groups before operation, but clear and bigger protein spots were observed from the S-OP group compared with C-OP group on 6 and 9 weeks post operation. These protein spots were, however, showed similar sizes and densities between two groups in 12 weeks later. The transformation of protein spots was suggested that these protein spots were involved in bone formation and recovery, in addition safflower seed might induce the formation of factors and activate these factors. In conclusion, this study suggest that safflower seed influence a variety of factors in the course of bone formation or the periods of remedy.

• 한국약용작물학회지
• /
• 제22권6호
• /
• pp.435-441
• /
• 2014

This study was conducted to investigate the quality of seeds, the germination rates and the days required for germination, to examine the patterns of protein expressions during the germination and to improve the techniques of managing and storing seeds and viability of the seeds of Lithospermum erythrorhizon Sieb. et Zucc. After collecting and harvesting seeds, they were classified to white and brown colors of seed coat through testing their seed size, weight, and quality. The germination rates, the days required for germination, and the protein expressions were examined with different colors of seed coats, storing temperatures and durations by treating the different plant growth regulators and primings. One hundred seed weight of white color was heavier about 1.17 g than those of brown one about 0.81 g. The germination rates in white color of seed coat was higher, 3.05 ~ 5.75%, than those in brown one. Its rates were decreased with getting longer in storage durations. There was no big differences on germination rates between storage temperatures. The plant growth regulator of $GA_3$ and Kinetin was affected to improve the seed germination. $GA_3$ increased the seed germination clearly at 25 ppm level, while kinetin increased it gradually from 25 to 100 ppm levels. In germination by seed primings, PEG6000 made higher germination rate with increasing their levels, whereas $KNO_3$ increased the germination until 100 mM level and then decreased it with 200 mM unlike PEG6000. The protein expressed during the seed germination were appeared more and clearer bands in the seed after germination, especially 20 ~ 30 kDa, compared to those in the seed before germination. These results showing more and clearer bands were positively related to the germination rates which were different by seed colors, storage temperatures and durations, and plant growth regulators and primings.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
• /
• 제43권3호
• /
• pp.332-340
• /
• 2016

Seed size traits are controlled by multiple genes in crops and determine grain yield, quality and appearance. However, the molecular mechanisms controlling the size of plant seeds remain unclear. We performed functional analysis of BrPATL4 encoding Sec14-like protein to determine the genetic architecture of seed size, shape and their association analyses. We used 60 $T_3$ transgenic rice lines to evaluate seed length, seed width and seed height as seed size traits, and the ratios of these values as seed shape traits. Pleiotropic effects on general architecture included small seed size, erect panicles, decreased grain weight, reduced plant height and increased sterility, which are common to other mutants deficient in gibberellic acid (GA) biosynthesis. To test whether BrPATL4 overexpression is deleterious for GA signal transduction, we compared the relative expression of GA related gene and the growth rate of second leaf sheath supplied with exogenous $GA_3$. Overexpression of BrPATL4 did not affect GA biosynthesis or signaling pathway, with the same response shown under GA treatment compared to the wild type. However, the causal genes for the small seed phenotype (D1, SRS1, and SRS5) and the erection of panicles showed significantly decreased levels in mRNA accumulation compared to the wild type. These results suggest that the overexpression of BrPATL4 can control seed size through the suppression of those genes related to seed size regulation. Although the molecular function of BrPATL4 is not clear for small seed and erect panicles of BrPALT4 overexpression line, this study provides some clues about the genetic engineering of rice seed architecture.