• 대한인간공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한인간공학회 1994년도 춘계학술대회논문집
• /
• pp.124-135
• /
• 1994

A biomechanical model of lower extremity in seated postures was developed to assess muscular activities of lower extremity involved in a variety of foot pedal operations. It is found that nonlinear optimization method which has been used for modeling the articulated body segments does not predict the forces generated from biarticular muscles reasonably, so the revised nonlinear optimization scheme was employed to consider the synergistic effects of biarticular muscles in the model, assuming that the muscle forces are distributed proportionally based on their physiological cross sectional area and moment arm. The model incorporated four rigid body segments with the nine muscles to represent lower extreimity. For the model valida- tion, three male subjects performed the experiments in which EMG activities of the nine lower extremity muscles were measured. Predicted muscle forces were compared with the corresponding EMG amplitudes and it showed no statistical difference. The developed model can be used to design and to assess the pedals and foot-related equipments design.

• 디지털콘텐츠학회 논문지
• /
• 제13권4호
• /
• pp.591-600
• /
• 2012

디지털 기술에 기반한 다양한 미디어가 출시되면서 한정된 재원을 사이에 두고 경쟁이 심화되고 있다. 특히 광고재원에 대한 의존도가 높은 우리나라는 광고시장 확대가 미디어 다양성 유지에 필수적인 요소이다. 정부는 PPL 허용 등 광고시장 확대를 위한 다양한 정책을 시도하였으나 역부족이다. 본 논문에서는 높은 대중 영향력에도 불구하고 뉴미디어의 출현으로 광고매출이 위축되고 있는 TV를 대상으로 광고시장 결정요인을 분석하였다. OECD 28개 국가의 미시적 데이터를 이용하여 횡단면 분석을 수행한 결과, 서비스 산업의 비중이 낮고, 실업률이 높으며, 조세부담률이 낮을수록 광고시장이 빠르게 성장함을 확인하였다. 반면, 높은 1인당 GDP는 광고시장의 성장속도에 부(-)의 영향을 미쳤다. 그러므로 향후 우리나라 광고시장은 성장세가 낮아지고, TV 광고 비중도 낮아질 것으로 전망되었다. 그리고 이를 토대로 직접납부 재원의 증대와 비효율적인 미디어 기업의 퇴출구도 확립 등의 대안을 주장하였다.

• 한국응급구조학회지
• /
• 제26권1호
• /
• pp.71-85
• /
• 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the current status of non-face-to-face education at universities for paramedicine and measure students' education satisfaction after the coronavirus infectious disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted for paramedic students at the Chungcheong and Honam areas using Google Forms. Convenience sampling was used. A structured questionnaire was created and modified according to Park and Choi's test tool developed to review online lectures and practical courses. Results: A total of 202 students responded to the survey. The satisfaction level of online lectures was 3.06±1.12 (n=202) out of 5. Students experiencing online lectures responded that it was difficult to focus on the class, and the overall quality and lecture delivery should be improved. They also experienced technical difficulties. The satisfaction level of practical course lectures was 3.24±1.04 (n=133) out of 5. It was higher than those of other types of classes because it was conducted by the more familiar face-to-face lecture. Conclusion: This study has shown that the universities and instructors have examined a variety of methods in paramedic education after the COVID-19 pandemic. However, further research and consideration are required to improve paramedic education during the COVID-19 pandemic.

• 농업과학연구
• /
• 제9권2호
• /
• pp.569-575
• /
• 1982

수확기간(收穫期間)에 있어서 벼줄기의 물리적(物理的) 및 기계적(機械的) 특성(特性)을 구명(究明)하고져 일반계(一般系) 품종(品種)인 이리(裡里)348 및 진주(晋州)벼와 통일계(統一系) 품종(品種)인 서광벼 및 태백(太白)벼 4개(個) 품종(品種)을 표준시비구(標準施肥區)에서 선정(選定)하여 압축(壓縮), 인장(引張), 굽힘 시험(試驗)을 실시(實施)하고, 이어서 진주(晋州)벼 및 태백(太白)벼에 대(對)하여 부위별(部位別), 전단각도(剪斷角度) 및 함수율(含水率) 변화(變化)에 따른 전단하중(剪斷荷重)-변형특성(變形特性), 전단력(剪斷力) 및 전단(剪斷) energy등(等) 전단특성(剪斷特性)을 측정(測定) 분석(分析)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 압축(壓縮), 굽힘, 인장(引張) 및 전단력(剪斷力)은 통일계품종(統一系品種)에 비(比)하여 일반계(一般系) 품종(品種)이 컸다. 2. 전(全) 부위별(部位別)의 전단력(剪斷力) 추세는 진주(晋州)벼에 있어서 하부위(下部位)의 큰 값이 상부위(上部位)로 갈수록 감소(減少)하였고, 태백(太白)벼에 있어서는 하부위(下部位)부터 지상(地上) 21cm까지 비교적 일정(一定)한 큰 값으로 나타냈다. 3. 전단면적(剪斷面積)의 증가(增加)에 따라 전단력(剪斷力) 및 전단(剪斷) energy는 증가(增加)하였고, 그 증가율(增加率)은 전단면적(剪斷面積) $10mm^2$까지는 컸으나 그 이상(以上)에서는 매우 둔화(鈍化)되었다. 4. 예취(刈取) 직후(直後)에 있어서 함수율(含水率)의 감소(減少)에 따른 전단력(剪斷力) 및 전단(剪斷)energy의 감소(減少)는 컸으나 함수율(含水率) 60%(w.b)부터는 큰 변화(變化)가 없었다.

• 인문언어
• /
• 제7집
• /
• pp.57-92
• /
• 2005

The main driving force behind Chomskyan theory of language that is gaining ground under the title of the "minimalist program" has been the urge to reduce the variety of natural languages to a minimal number of theoretical concepts and devices and to formulate the strongest possible hypothesis about linguistic structures. This has led to a long series of proposals of ever greater abstractness, with concomitant modifications in a number of theoretical constructs. The minimalist approach is the latest development of these constant changes, for which there is really "only one computational system and one lexicon," the differences among languages being reducible to parametric variation in "nonsubstantive parts of the lexicon"(Chomaky 1995:169-70). Chomsky thus differs, now more than ever, from other linguists by his sweepingly programmatic, rather than empirical, approach to language. The proposals he makes are too complicated to discuss here in any technical details. We rather focus on a series of lectures delivered by an ardent adherent of the minimalist program, with the view to demonstrating how this theory may mislead and distort the whole prospect of linguistic investigation. The rationale of the so-called 'minimalism' per se will be called into question.

• International Journal of Fluid Machinery and Systems
• /
• 제6권2호
• /
• pp.56-74
• /
• 2013

Stall stagnations in the system of axial-flow compressors and ducts occur in transition from deep surge conditions to decayed or converged stall conditions. The present study is concerned with the boundaries between the deep surges and the stagnation stalls on the basis of analytical results by a code on surge transients analysis and simulation. The fundamental acoustical-geometrical stagnation boundaries were made clear from examinations of the results on a variety of duct configurations coupled with a nine-stage compressor and a single stage fan. The boundary was found to be formed by three parts, i.e., B- and A-boundaries, and an intermediate zone. The B-boundary occurs for the suction-duct having a length of about a quarter of the wave-length of the first resonance in the case of very short and fat plenum-type delivery duct. On the other hand, the A-boundary occurs for the long and narrow duct-type delivery flow-path having a length about a fifth of the wavelength and relatively small sectional area in the case of short and narrow suction ducts. In addition to this, the reduced surge-cycle frequencies with respect to the duct lengths are observed to have respective limiting values at the stagnation boundaries. The reduced frequency for the B-boundary is related with a limiting value of the Greitzer's B parameter. The tendency and the characteristic features of the related flow behaviors in the neighborhood of the boundaries were also made clearer.

• 컴퓨터교육학회논문지
• /
• 제9권1호
• /
• pp.89-95
• /
• 2006

컴퓨터그래픽스에서 다루어지는 3차원 물체들에 대한 곡률과 같은 기하학적 특성들은 메쉬의 모양을 해석함에 있어 매우 중요한 역할을 한다. 부드러운 곡면에서 정의되는 곡률은 메쉬와 같은 이산적 형태에서는 수학적으로 정의할 수 없다. 그러므로 이러한 이산곡률을 어떻게 정의하느냐에 따라 기하학적 연산들의 결과는 많은 영향을 받는다. 본 논문에서는 기존의 곡률 계산법에서 사용하고 있는 단면곡률 계산법의 오류를 지적하고 이에 대한 해결책으로 베이지어 곡선을 이용한 포물선-기반 이산 곡률 계산법을 제시한다. 제안된 방법을 통하면 보다 뾰족한 형태의 정점과 완만한 형태의 정점을 구분할 수 있어서 메쉬 간략화와 같은 기하학적 연산에 쉽게 적용가능하다.

• International Journal of Contents
• /
• 제4권3호
• /
• pp.1-9
• /
• 2008

The Korean life insurance industry has undergone profound changes, such as the beginning of the variable insurance in July 2001 and the bancassurance enforcement in August 2003. However, little empirical research has analyzed data that includes the bancassurance of life insurance companies operating in Korea. In response to this lack of research, this paper applies DEA (data envelopment analysis) models to measure and decompose their efficiency. We discovered that life insurance companies operating in Korea are a little different in their composition ratio of inputs and outputs, due to the increased variety of distribution channels and new products. We provided efficiency scores, return to scale, and reference frequencies. We also decomposed CCR, BCC, and SBM efficiency into scale efficiency and MIX efficiency. So, we try to investigate whether the sources of inefficiency were caused by the inefficient operation of DMU, disadvantageous conditions, the difference of the composition ratio in inputs and outputs with reference sets, or any combination of the above. Most companies in the sample display had either constant or decreasing returns to scale. The efficiency rankings were less consistent among models and efficient DMUs. In response to this problem, we used the super-efficiency model to rank them and then compared the rankings of the DMUs among the various models. It was also concluded that the availability of panel data, rather than cross-sectional data, would greatly improve the validity of the efficiency estimates.

• 한국간호교육학회지
• /
• 제12권1호
• /
• pp.78-85
• /
• 2006

Objectives: College students experiences more stress than when they were in high school. The students in nursing college, experience a variety of stress related to clinical practices, the examination for registered nurse license etc. The purpose of this study was to identify the factors that affect the health promotion behavior among the students in a nursing college based on SAT(Social Action Theory). Methods: The study was a cross-sectional design with a convenience sample of 427 students recruited from April to May in 2005. SAT was utilized for the theoretical framework of the study. The instruments used were Profile of Mood Stress, Life Stress Scale for college student, Social Adaptation Scale, Health Knowledge and Health Promotion Lifestyle Profile. Data were analyzed with SPSS 12.0 program. Results: The study showed that grades, moods, and satisfaction of relationship with friends, satisfaction with pocket money made up 29.0% of significant factors related to health promotion behavior among the college students in nursing. Conclusion: It suggests that the known factors need to be taken into consideration when developing the health promotion program for college students in nursing.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
• /
• 제21권1호
• /
• pp.57-71
• /
• 2015

This study assessed gender differences of 'solo eating' perceptions and dietary behaviors among college students residing in Seoul and Kyongki province. Two types of questionnaires were used to analyze perception and dietary behaviors of subjects: a cross-sectional survey (N=893) and AGA (Associative Group Analysis; N=50). Women ate significantly more and intook a greater variety of foods when eating together (P<0.05). Men, on the other hand, showed no difference in these variables. Women, compared to men, spent more time eating both alone and together (P<0.001). In the associative group analysis (AGA), women showed a different semantic value for 'solo eating' compared to men. Women also tended to feel lonely when they ate alone and had positive images of eating together. Students began to decide their own dietary behaviors after junior and high school. Dietary lives of Koreans have rapidly changed along with social changes over the past half century. These research findings will contribute to more comprehensive and efficient nutrition education programs for preventing lifestyle-related diseases in the early stage of adulthood.