• Food Science and Industry
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.2-11
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• 2017

The external factors of global flavor market include the world economy, population growth, urbanization, consumer spending, raw material availability, pricing, and regulatory issues. And the internal factors as product pricing and technology development may lie the flavor house's competitiveness and cost considerations. In developing countries, rising preference for packaged food and beverages and increasing personal expenditures will drive demand for flavor market. Increasing consumer demand for natural products, driven in part by health concerns and a desire for transparency in labeling will impact the demand. The increasing demand for salt and sugar reduction will boost demand for flavors to maintain the overall taste. The use of quality and innovative flavors in the beverages and the multifunctional flavors has a positive influence on the global market. The global flavor industry has the presence of several drivers and positive trends, with its future expected to be promising.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.139-144
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• 2022

The smart cities are evolving constantly and are responsible for the current transformation of cities and countries into a completely connected network of information and technology This interconnected network of a huge number of smart devices is capable of exchanging complex information and provides tremendous support including enhanced quality of life within urban locations. Unfortunately this set-up is vulnerable to security attacks and requires the widespread ubiquitous network to authorize access through privacy and thus offer security in order to ensure civilian participation in a country. The smart network should benefit the individuals of the country by developing potential strategies to protect the smart cities and their participating entities from the unauthorized attacks. Trustworthy data sharing strategies based on the utilization of advanced technology features via smart communication network could solve some issues of privacy and security. This paper presents the challenges and issues related to protection and highlights the important aspects of securing the smart cities and its components. It also presents the role of cloud security for building a secure smart city.

• Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.360-380
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• 2015

Technological innovations, as the key to building competitive advantage, need a comprehensive review to address the issues related to transformation of the Indian industries. The present paper reports the broad findings of the first National Innovation Survey undertaken by the Department of Science and Technology, Government of India. The findings presented here highlight the status of innovation related activities in different industrial sectors, its weaknesses, and areas requiring institutional interventions. The survey results underline the fact that the innovation activities in Indian industries are more for survival in a competitive market conditions than to create market advantage. A sort of disconnect between the innovation support system and the production system is a discernible fact that surfaces from the study. The study also indicates certain characteristics of the innovation behaviour of firms that brings out developing country issues of innovation.

• Journal of the Korean Vacuum Society
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.397-407
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• 2010

For sustainable and responsible development of nanomaterials technology, the establishment of ethical system for sound social acceptance of the technology as well as the development of the technology itself is necessary. In this paper, global efforts to identify and resolve the ethical issues regarding nanotechnology is reviewed, in particular the environmental, health and safety issues in nanomaterials, and the tools such as communication and engagement of stakeholders, regulations, certifications and workplace guidelines are scrutinized. Finally the policy recommendations for the establishment of ethical systems for safe usage of nanomaterials.

• Journal of Science and Technology Studies
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• v.4 no.1 s.7
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• pp.59-82
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• 2004

Nanotechnology is a rapidly expanding field, focused on the creation of functional materials, devices, and systems through the control of matter on the nanometer scale. Recently many countries including Korea are rushing into promoting research and development of nanotechnology. Because the nanoscale is not just other step toward miniaturization, but a qualitatively new scale, progress in nanotechnology will have very far-reaching social, ethical, and environmental impacts. This paper aims to examine social issues and implications of nanotechnology development. To do so, this paper divides the issues around nanotechnology into several sub-issues: environmental, health-related, and societal issues. And then this paper reviews the debates and disputes around those sub-issues. Based on this review, this paper proposes some policy recommendation.

• STI Policy Review
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.17-39
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• 2016

Despite the importance of university-industry collaboration, issues pertaining to the characteristics of collaborating firms, their modes of interaction, and the relationship between these modes and outcomes are not well-researched. The impact of country's development on these issues is also unclear. This case study examines Japan and Thailand-respectively representing developed and developing countries-and features the following key findings: 1) the characteristics of firms affect modes, with large Japanese firms being more collaborative with universities, whereas Thai SMEs significantly collaborate more with universities; 2) the relationship between modes in Thai firms is stronger than those of Japanese firms because in Thailand, perhaps due to weak technological capacity, R&D collaboration is conducted alongside university consultancy services; and 3) in Japan, R&D and human resource development collaboration lead to product innovation, whereas different outcomes are expected from different modes in Thailand. Apparently, trivial informal collaborations do have significant impact on innovation.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.931-956
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• 2019

Documents contain information that can be used for various applications, such as question answering (QA) system, information retrieval (IR) system, and recommendation system. To use the information, it is necessary to develop a method of extracting such information from the documents written in a form of natural language. There are several kinds of the information (e.g., temporal information, spatial information, semantic role information), where different kinds of information will be extracted with different methods. In this paper, the existing studies about the methods of extracting the temporal information are reported and several related issues are discussed. The issues are about the task boundary of the temporal information extraction, the history of the annotation languages and shared tasks, the research issues, the applications using the temporal information, and evaluation metrics. Although the history of the tasks of temporal information extraction is not long, there have been many studies that tried various methods. This paper gives which approach is known to be the better way of extracting a particular part of the temporal information, and also provides a future research direction.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2004.08a
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• pp.1195-1200
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• 2004

We introduce an introductory engineering education course for engineering majors and non-engineering majors. This course does not require any previous knowledge and experience on engineering. It requires strong curiosities and imaginations on current and future society we live in, where technology is inseparable ingredient. Course encourages attendees to explore fundamental issues of engineering: what is proper technology and what are proper ways of exercising engineering, issues dealt in soft engineering. Since course topics cover many aspects of technology, traditional learning methods fail to be successful and efficient. Various efficient learning methods have been proposed and implemented. We utilize various interactive tangible media, which include simulated thought experiments and physical media experiences. About 20 episodes in short film format are produced based on scenario written according to related issues selected. Physical media like interactive robots are introduced for attendees' stimulated experiences. We summarize our exciting experiments on interactive teaching experiences at Pusan National University which include on/off-line interactions, assignments, projects, and evaluations.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.79-85
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• 1991

According to the rapid change of the modern society, science & technology influences the society significantly. Thus, Korean education, especially the science education must be reviewed in the terms of that, the purpose of this article is to introduce social, environmental context's science education-STS education. STS education is to arise the ability of the democratic decision-making & participating in a discussion. The areas of this are knowledge, process, creativity, attitude, application. Also there are social issues approach & the social studies of science approach in the STS education. The social issues approach is the predominant approach to STS education; the social studies of science approach is often found in the form of goals & objectives for STS education. In order to introduce STS education to Korean science education,this author suggests the following; 1. The relation between science & society in science education must be emphasized more. 2. The study and development of STS education appropriate for Korean society must be preceded. 3. The new course about STS and technical education in the level of college must be developed.

• Proceedings of the Korea Technology Innovation Society Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.345-357
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• 2003

The paper discusses a novel educational initiative in e-commerce pedagogy where students work on an e-government project. The paper describes a two-semester joint e-government project conducted by the town of Amherst, NY, and the State University of New York at Buffalo. During the first semester, students in a graduate e-commerce course in the School of Management were instructed to identify and analyze management issues valuable for small or middle size local government. In the second semster graduate students from the Department of Computer Science and Engineering designed and implemented prototypes of three e-government portals: an on-line action site for governmental procurement (E-Procurement), a portal for reservation of community recreation facilities (E-Recreation), and a portal for online dog registration (E-DogRegistration) combining a central registry of dog owners with distributed veterinarian databases. The objective of this initiative is twofold. First, it saves the local government resources by eliminating duplication of services and by using students as developers. Second, it provides students with real life hands-on experience. The paper discusses both the technical issues involved in the implementation of the project, and the management issues that need to be taken into account to enhance the e-commerce experience for the ordinary citizen and local governments.