• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1998년도 추계학술대회 논문집 학회본부 B
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• pp.591-593
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• 1998

As evolution of the process technology, we proposed the Over-The-Cell channel routing algorithm for the advanced three-layer process. The proposed algorithm simplifies the channel routing problem, and then makes use of Simulated Annealing Technique to converge at global optimal solution. Also, we proposed a new method to remove the cyclic vertical constraints which are known to be the hardest element in the channel routing problem and a way to detect the local minimal solution and escape from it successfully.

• Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.93-96
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• 2004

In this paper we introduce a new escalator(ESC) structure-based adaptation algorithm. The proposed algorithm is independent of eigenvalues spread ratio(ESR) of channel and has faster convergence speed than that of the conventional ESC algorithms. This algorithm combines the fast adaptation ability of least square methods and the orthogonalization property of the ESC structure. From the simulation results the proposed algorithm shows superior convergence speed and no slowing down of convergence speed when we increase the ESR of the channel.

• IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing and Computing
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.130-139
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• 2013

This paper proposes a new approach for enhancing digital images based on red channel information, which has the most analogous characteristics to invisible infrared rays. Specifically, a red channel in RGB space is used to analyze the image contents and improve the visual quality of the input images but it can cause unexpected problems, such as the over-enhancement of reddish input images. To resolve this problem, inter-channel correlations between the color channels were derived, and the weighting parameters for visually pleasant image fusion were estimated. Applying the parameters resulted in significant brightness as well as improvement in the dark and bright regions. Furthermore, simple contrast and color corrections were used to maintain the original contrast level and color tone. The main advantages of the proposed algorithm are 1) it can improve a given image considerably with a simple inter-channel correlation, 2) it can obtain a similar effect of using an extra infrared image, and 3) it is faster than other algorithms compared without artifacts including halo effects. The experimental results showed that the proposed approach could produce better natural images than the existing enhancement algorithms. Therefore, the proposed scheme can be a useful tool for improving the image quality in consumer imaging devices, such as compact cameras.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• 제22권1E호
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• pp.43-48
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• 2003

The effects of linear acoustic channels have been analyzed and compensated at mel-frequency feature domain. Unlike popular RASTA filtering our approach incorporates separate filters for each mel-frequency band, which results in better recognition performance for heavy-reverberated speeches.

• 한국생물물리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물물리학회 2001년도 학술 발표회 진행표 및 논문초록
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• pp.46-46
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• 2001

Evidence has suggested that an anion channel blocker, 4, 4'-diisothiocyanatostilbene-2, 2' disulfonic acid (DIDS) could trigger Ca release from skeletal sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) by binding to a 30 kDa SR protein. Since the high molecular weight $Ca^{2＋}$ release channel (CRC)/ryanodine receptor (RyR) is the main SR protein that conducts $Ca^{2＋}$ efflux in skeletal muscles, the relationship between CRC and the 30kDa protein remains to be elucidated.(omitted)

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제41권5호
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• pp.677-690
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• 2009

A previous study demonstrated that the two-row fuel assembly has much more favorable neutron-physical and thermal-hydraulic behavior than the conventional one-row fuel assemblies. Based on the newly developed two-row fuel assembly, an SCWR core is proposed and analyzed. The performance of the proposed core is investigated with 3-D coupled neutron-physical and thermal-hydraulic calculations. During the coupling procedure, the thermal-hydraulic behavior is analyzed using a sub-channel analysis code and the neutron-physical performance is computed with a 3-D diffusion code. This paper presents the main results achieved thus far related to the distribution of some neutronic and thermal-hydraulic parameters. It shows that with adjustment of the coolant and moderator mass flow in different assemblies, promising neutron-physical and thermal-hydraulic behavior of the SCWR core is achieved. A sensitivity study of the heat transfer correlation is also performed. Since the pin power in fuel assemblies can be non-uniform, a sub-channel analysis is necessary in order to investigate the detailed distribution of thermal-hydraulic parameters in the hottest fuel assembly. The sub-channel analysis is performed based on the bundle averaged parameters obtained with the core analysis. With the sub-channel analysis approach, more precise evaluation of the hot channel factor and maximum cladding surface temperature can be achieved. The difference in the results obtained with both the sub-channel analysis and the fuel assembly homogenized method confirms the importance of the sub-channel analysis.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.11-20
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• 2008

The structure of 2-bit/cell flash memory device was characterized for sub-50 nm non-volatile memory (NVM) technology. The memory cell has spacer-type storage nodes on both sidewalls in a recessed channel region, and is erased (or programmed) by using band-to-band tunneling hot-hole injection (or channel hot-electron injection). It was shown that counter channel doping near the bottom of the recessed channel is very important and can improve the $V_{th}$ margin for 2-bit/cell operation by ${\sim}2.5$ times. By controlling doping profiles of the channel doping and the counter channel doping in the recessed channel region, we could obtain the $V_{th}$ margin more than ${\sim}1.5V$. For a bit-programmed cell, reasonable bit-erasing characteristics were shown with the bias and stress pulse time condition for 2-bit/cell operation. The length effect of the spacer-type storage node is also characterized. Device which has the charge storage length of 40 nm shown better ${\Delta}V_{th}$ and $V_{th}$ margin for 2-bit/cell than those of the device with the length of 84 nm at a fixed recess depth of 100 nm. It was shown that peak of trapped charge density was observed near ${\sim}10nm$ below the source/drain junction.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.27-32
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• 2016

본 논문에서는 다중 입출력 안테나 OFDM 통신시스템에서 가상 기준 신호(virtual pilot signal)를 사용하는 한 연판정 지향 채널 추정 기법을 제안한다. 기준 신호만을 이용하여 채널을 추정하는 기존 방식과 달리 제안하는 기법은 기준 신호와 데이터를 동시에 사용하여 채널을 추정한다. 또한, 제안하는 기법에서 채널을 추정하기 위해 사용할 데이터를 선택하는 알고리즘을 제안한다. 모의실험을 통해 제안하는 기법이 기존 채널 추정에 비해 향상된 성능을 갖는 것을 확인할 수 있다.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2004

본 논문에서는 변복조(modulation/demodulation) 기능을 수행하는 스마트 안테나 기지국용 채널카드(channel card)를 실제 하드웨어로 구현하였다. 구현된 채널카드(channel card)는 우선적으로 각 구성 모듈의 기능 및 성능을 확인하였고, 완성된 채널카드를 스마트 안테나 시스템에 장착해 실제 필드 시험을 수행하여 성능을 확인하였다. 본 논문에서는 다중경로 페이딩이 존재하는 CDMA2000 1X 환경에서 채널카드의 성능을 필드 실험을 통해서 분석한 결과, DOA(Direction Of Arrival) 방향으로 정확한 빔패턴이 형성되는 것을 확인하였고, 채널카드가 내장된 스마트 안테나 시스템이 기존의 2안테나 다이버시티 시스템보다 FER(Frame Error Rate)이 5∼8배정도 우수하다는 것을 확인하였다.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.525-531
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• 2016

The analgesic mechanism of opioids is known to decrease the excitability of substantia gelatinosa (SG) neurons receiving the synaptic inputs from primary nociceptive afferent fiber by increasing inwardly rectifying $K^+$ current. In this study, we examined whether a ${\mu}$-opioid agonist, [D-Ala2,N-Me-Phe4, Gly5-ol]-enkephalin (DAMGO), affects the two-pore domain $K^+$ channel (K2P) current in rat SG neurons using a slice whole-cell patch clamp technique. Also we confirmed which subtypes of K2P channels were associated with DAMGO-induced currents, measuring the expression of K2P channel in whole spinal cord and SG region. DAMGO caused a robust hyperpolarization and outward current in the SG neurons, which developed almost instantaneously and did not show any time-dependent inactivation. Half of the SG neurons exhibited a linear I~V relationship of the DAMGO-induced current, whereas rest of the neurons displayed inward rectification. In SG neurons with a linear I~V relationship of DAMGO-induced current, the reversal potential was close to the $K^+$ equilibrium potentials. The mRNA expression of TWIK (tandem of pore domains in a weak inwardly rectifying $K^+$ channel) related acid-sensitive $K^+$ channel (TASK) 1 and 3 was found in the SG region and a low pH (6.4) significantly blocked the DAMGO-induced $K^+$ current. Taken together, the DAMGO-induced hyperpolarization at resting membrane potential and subsequent decrease in excitability of SG neurons can be carried by the two-pore domain $K^+$ channel (TASK1 and 3) in addition to inwardly rectifying $K^+$ channel.