• 제목/요약/키워드: School health nursing

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청소년의 스트레스와 범불안 관계에서 행복감의 조절효과 (The Moderating Effect of Happiness on the Relation between Stress and Generalized Anxiety in Adolescents)

  • 권영숙
    • 한국응용과학기술학회지
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    • 제40권6호
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    • pp.1437-1444
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    • 2023
  • 본 연구는 청소년의 스트레스와 범불안 관계에서 행복감의 조절효과를 검증하고자 수행되었다. 연구대상자는 2020년 실시된 제16차 청소년건강행태조사에 참가한 중·고등학생 54,948명이다. 자료는 SPSS 24.0과 Process Macro 4.0을 이용하여 분석하였다. 연구 결과 청소년의 스트레스는 범불안에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 스트레스가 높을수록 범불안 수준이 높았다. 그리고 스트레스와 범불안 간의 관계를 행복감이 조절하는 것으로 나타났다. 즉 행복감은 스트레스가 범불안에 미치는 부정적 영향을 완충하는 효과가 있음을 확인하였다. 그러므로 청소년의 범불안을 완화하기 위해 행복감을 향상시킬 수 있는 다양한 프로그램을 마련하여 시행할 것을 제언한다.

일부지역 고등학생의 성교육 실태와 성경험에 따른 성교육 요구도 조사 (On Investigation of Status of Sex Education and Sex Education Needs of High School Students by Their Sexual Experience)

  • 이선숙;조순자;신연순;최인숙;이덕원
    • 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
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    • 제5권
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    • pp.85-105
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    • 2004
  • The purpose of this study is to provide basic data for practical and concrete program development, which can give students satisfaction in sex education. To achieve this purpose, an actual status of sex education for high school student and their sexual experience were investigated. And then tried to find out if there is difference of satisfaction in sex education and contents that they want to learn based on having sexual experience or not. For this study, a questionnaire of sexual awareness was conducted on 562 students among first graders and second graders of high school located in Kongju city, from on October 4th, 2004 to on October 15th. But only 550 answer sheets among 562 were analyzed, for 12 answer sheets were not proper enough to apply to this study. The collected data was computerized using SPSS WIN in frequency and percentage for actual condition of sex education and sexual experience and for satisfaction at the result of sex education based on having sexual experience or not. And then the $x^2$-test was verify the difference. The requirement for sex education, based on having sexual experience or not, was analyzed using t-test by computerizing the average and standard deviation. The conclusion of this study are as followings; 1. 93.8% students have ever been taught for sex education by teachers, but nursing teacher among them was the higher percentage than any other teachers. They took courses for sex education in discretion class, and the teaching method was a kind of lecture. 2. After taking sex education, 37.6% students said that it was boring, for they had already known the contents of the courses, and 43.8% students said that they acquired sex knowledge through the Internet and mass media. 3. It was highest percentage that 36.9% students had no agony about sex. The most serious worry was a sexual impulse and the sexual psychology of the opposite sex. To solve these worries, 61.6% students said that they consulted with their friends. 4. It showed that 89.9% male students and 71.6% female students had experiences various lascivious materials, 81.4% male students, 7.2 female students experienced masturbation, 52.7% female student and 44.8% male students experienced kissing or hugging, and 13.7% male students and 9.9% female students experienced sexual intercourse. 5. The satisfaction for sex education based on having sexual experience or not was different. In short, it showed that the students who experienced sexual experiences such as accessing to lascivious materials, kissing, hugging, and sexual intercourse except masturbation thought that sex education was important than the students who didn't experience sexual experiences. On the other hand, the students who didn't experience sexual experiences were more satisfied with the contents and level of sex education than the students who experienced sexual experiences. 6. The requirement for sex education based on having sexual experience or not was also different. The students who experienced sexual experiences wanted to learn an acquaintance with the other sex than the others. On the other hand, the students who didn't experience sexual experience wanted to learn friendship and love. The students who experienced sexual experience except masturbation was more desirable for taking sex education than the other students. In conclusion, it is fully required that sex education should be regular subject in school and teachers who are charge of sex education should be experts in this field, for only expert can teach systematic and adequate sex knowledge to students. In addition, it is also essential to understand contents of sex education which can be satisfactory for students' requirement. So we should develop concrete and practical programs for sex education.

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서울지역 중소병원의 부서간 조직효과성에 관한 연구 (A Study on Interdepartmental Organizational Effectiveness of Medium and Small Sized Hospitals)

  • 김욱수;하호욱;손태용
    • 한국병원경영학회지
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    • 제7권1호
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    • pp.64-87
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    • 2002
  • The purpose of this study is aimed to grasp the factors, which may influence the harmonized organizational efficiency of the objects of hospital structure as well as its structural constituents of each departments of administration, nursing, and para-medical personnels, in order to provide basic data enable to contribute in the development of hospital. The survey data involved in the study was derived from 385 personnels working in 5 medium and small sized hospitals in Seoul area. The main finding of the study can be summarized as follows; 1. The organizational efficiency in accordance with the general characteristics of subjects in order of male, over 30 years of age, university graduates, long-term tenure and high position is higher, whereas, in as much as wage and well trained personnels in administration departments are higher, its organizational efficiency is higher in comparison with those of nursing and para-medical departments. 2. The organizational efficiency in accordance with satisfaction and the motive contributional factors is higher as much as the high satisfactory level in every departments in general. 3. The organizational efficiency in accordance with the factors of job characteristics is higher in as much as difficulty of the jobs is lesser, however there was not statically significance between administration and para-medical departments. In as much as the job circulation is intact, job standard level is higher and the more job responsibility the higher organizational efficiency, while the more workload and the more work feud resulted lower organizational efficiency. It was obvious that the higher professional expertise as well as the training and application level are improving the organizational efficiency. 4. The organizational efficiency in accordance with the factors of structural characteristics was higher in as much as the intercommunication was smooth and the structural formalization level are higher, however there was not statically significance between the participation level of decision making and the organizational efficiency. 5. In as much as higher educational level of over university graduates, management of organization and the job level are satisfied, the psychological motive contributional level is higher, while the lesser job difficulty, the smooth job performance, the higher level of professional expertise, the higher structural formalization level, the smooth intercommunication, have affected as major influence factors of the structural characteristics of organizational efficiency. 6. As the management of hospital organization, the job level and personal relation are satisfied or psychological motive is provided, especially when there are no difficult jobs or smooth job circulation and no job feud are prevailing, it was apparent that the organizational efficiency is improving accordingly. The nursing departments has high educational standard and is satisfied in the management and job level of hospital organization as there are no difficult jobs while the level of hospital's organizational formality is high and the intercommunication is smooth, which are improving the organizational efficiency. The para-medical departments is also satisfied the management and job level of hospital organization and it was apparent that the organizational efficiency is higher in as much as the level of job standardization is high and the intercommunication is smooth. As a result of this study, in order for improving the organizational efficiency of the medium and small sized hospitals, the management and job level as well as personal relation are preferably satisfied, whereas the level of job circulation, job responsibility, the expertise and formalization of organization, intercommunication and etc. should be satisfied, and, therefore, it is advisable to buildup discriminated organizational management and environment for different division on the basis above factors. Since this study is carried on several hospitals in Seoul area, there is a certain limit to generalize its result to all domestic hospitals, nevertheless the gallop poll was made by developing the questionnaires with reasonability and reliability. Especially, as the study was carried by analyzing the comparison of influence factors' difference of organizational efficiency in accordance with the divisional characteristics of the medium and small sized hospitals.

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일부 농촌지역의 결핵 치료 환자에 대한 실태 조사에 관한 연구

  • 이재희
    • 대한간호학회지
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    • 제1권1호
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    • pp.85-94
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    • 1970
  • This is a study of 21 tuberculosis patients receiving medical treatment at the Public Health Center in Kyongi Do, Pu Chun Gun and at the General Hospital. The results cover the findings of the period from May, 1969 to November 1970. The information obtained is based on personal interviews with the patients, and symptomatic diagnosis made from observations. The following statistics when not equalling 100% contain only the responses of the two extremes in each case. The findings of the research are as follows: 1. 52.3% of the patients in the study are males and 47.7% are females. 28.6% of the subjects are between 20 and 29 years of age and an equal percent are between 30 and 39 years. 2. 47.5% of the subjects had graduated from primary school, while only 4.8% had graduated from high school. 3. 57.1% of the patients said they had no religions beliefs, while 4.8% professed to being Buddhists or believing in superstition. 4. 47.3% of the people said they were unemployed, while 4.8% classified themselves as labourers. 5. In response to how tuberculosis was first detected in their respective cases, 52.6% became aware of their disease through X-ray results, while 4.8% were discovered to have tuberculosis when being treated for other diseases at the hospital. 6. When asked how many of the patients knew anything about their disease when treated, 57.1% knew nothing about tuberculosis when they received treatment, while 42.9% had some knowledge of the disease. 7. Of those who knew something about tuberculosis, 61.9% learned about from doctors and nurses, while 4.8% learned from other people. 8. 57.1% of the patients knew that tuberculosis is a communicable disease, while 42.9% did not know. 9. 52.4% of the patients did not know the cause of tuberculosis while 4.9% believed the disease was caused by a curse. 10. When asked about the extent of treatment, 52.4% responded that they had undergone continuous treatment, while 4.8% had not received treatment. 11.The reasons given for not continuing treatment were the following: economic factors 55.6%; side reactions to the treatment, lack of knowledge of how to get treatment, of the need for treatment, or of the positive effects of treatment 11.1%. 12. 61.9% of the subjects usually took the medical treatment at home, 9.5% took it in the mountains or at the beach. 13. 42.9% of the patients received drugs for treatment at the local public health center, while 4.8% received them at the hospital 14. 33.3% of the patients received P.A.S+I.N.H.+S.M. for treatment of tuberculosis, while 4.8% received P.A.S.+S.M.. and some secondary drug. 15. Of the patients who took some extra medicine for tuberculosis, 38.1% took a Chinese drug, while 9.5% took herb medicine. 16. 38.1% of the patients had continued treatment for three years, 4.8% had interrupted the treatment. 17. When asked about the development of the disease after treatment, the patients gave the following information: after one month, 90.5% thought the treatment helped, while 9.5% weren't sure; after one year, 55.6% thought it was good, while 5.5% thought it was not; after three years, 63.6% had a very bad condition. while 4.8% didn't know. 18. 61.9% of the patients were unconcerned about covering their mouths when they coughed, while 38.1% covered their mouths. 19. 57.2% were unconcerned they spit, while 23.8% spit into a waste basket. 20. 66.7% were unconcerned about sterilizing tableware, while 9.5% handled it separately. 21. 66.7% were unconcerned about ventilating their room, while 9.5% ventilated the room twice a week.

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의료기관들의 인증평가 준비와 비용지출에 대한 실태분석 (An Analysis of Accreditation Preparation Process and Costs in Hospitals)

  • 김민지;정유민;김경숙;이선희
    • 한국병원경영학회지
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    • 제20권3호
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    • pp.45-55
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    • 2015
  • While the influence of healthcare accreditation system to the quality improvement of hospitals has more increased, regarding the preparation costs for healthcare accreditation, it has never been empirically studied about the costs that are actually invested by hospitals. This study is going to determine the difficulties in the preparation process of accreditation and details of accreditation preparation costs for hospitals that participated in the healthcare accreditation system and acquired accreditation. The survey was performed in a self-reported form from February 28 to March 21 2014 for 189 acute hospitals accredited as a hospital from 2011 to February 2014. Of all questionaries of survey participants, 98 were recovered; the response rate was 51.9%. A total of 40 questionnaires were used except for 58 containing insincere answers. Main findings are followings: Firstly, findings showed that advanced general hospitals spent the most statistically significantly highest in terms of equipments and total costs among cost items for accreditation preparation. When accreditation preparation costs items were classified according to classification of hospitals, advanced general hospitals spent the most statistically significantly highest in the equipments and total costs. Also in terms of regional, Gyeonggi, Incheon regions were found to spend statistically significantly higher costs in the equipments costs. Secondly, as a result of the survey in the distribution of the total accreditation preparation costs, advanced general hospitals have disbursed the most out of all. However, the result in hospitals does not show significant difference to the expense of advanced general hospitals and that especially other regional hospitals spent higher costs. As such, all hospitals are under a heavy burden of higher costs on accreditation preparation, especially hospitals. The build-up of infrastructures by hospitals through an accreditation system consequently led to a higher initial investment; if the accreditation system is effective in improving the quality of health care and patient safety, appropriate responses are needed. In other words, financial support for investment costs needs to be given to allow hospitals to actively participate in the accreditation system.

입원 암환자의 피로와 삶의 질 (Fatigue and Quality of Life of Korean Cancer Inpatients)

  • 변혜선;김경덕;정복례;김경혜
    • Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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    • 제13권2호
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    • pp.98-108
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    • 2010
  • 목적: 본 연구는 암환자의 삶의 질, 피로 정도를 확인하고 삶의 질과 피로와의 관계를 파악함으로써 암환자의 삶의 질 향상을 위한 간호중재 개발에 필요한 기초자료를 제공하고자 실시되었다. 방법: 대상자는 D, Y, A시에 소재한 대학부속병원에서 암 진단을 받고 치료를 받는 입원환자 94명을 대상으로 하였으며, 자료는 2007년 5월 8일부터 8월 10일까지 구조화된 설명지로 수집하였다. 연구도구로는 피로는 FACIT (Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy, www.facit.org)에서 개발한 측정도구인 한국어판 FACIT-Fatigue Scale인 13개 문항과 삶의 질은 FACIT에서 개발한 한국어판 FACT-G (Version 4) 27개 문항을 이용하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS Win 12.0을 이용하여 실수와 백분율, 평균과 표준편차, t-test와 ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients로 분석하였다. 결과: 암환자의 피로 정도는 22.48로 중간 정도의 상태를 보였다. 암환자의 삶의 질 정도는 평균 55.52로 중간 정도였고, 삶의 질의 하위영역에서는 신체적 영역이 평균 15.96로 가장 높았고, 기능적 영역이 평균 11.34로 가장 낮게 나타났다. 암환자의 피로는 피로의 정도에 차이를 보인 일반적 특성은 없었으며, 피로의 정도에 차이를 보인 질병관련 특성은 치료형태(F=3.216, P< 0.05), 체중변화(F=9.094, P<0.001), 일상생활 수행상태(F=7.297, P<0.001), 운동(F=5.919, P<0.05), 수면(F= 4.546, P<0.05) 등이었다. 암환자의 삶의 질 정도에 차이를 보인 질병관련 특성은 치료목적(F=4.392, p<0.05), 체중변화(F=23.118, P<0.001), 일상생활 수행상태(F= 9.886, P<0.001), 운동(F=7.699, P<0.001), 수면(F=5.893, P<0.001)이었다. 암환자의 삶의 질은 피로(r=-0.752, P<0.001)와 유의한 역 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 피로는 삶의 질 하부 영역 중 신체적 영역(r=-0.834, P<0.001), 정서적 영역(r=-0.610, P<0.001), 기능적 영역(r=-0.560, P<0.001)과 유의한 역 상관관계를 보였다. 결론: 암환자의 삶의 질에 피로가 중요한 변수임을 확인하였고, 암환자의 삶의 질과 피로는 유의한 역 상관관계가 있음도 확인하였다. 이상의 연구결과를 기초로 암환자의 전반적인 삶의 질과 하부영역별 삶의 질을 향상시키고 피로를 감소시킬 수 있는 간호중재 프로그램을 우선적으로 개발하고 적용해야 할 것이다.

말기환자의 의료적 의사결정에 관한 임상간호사의 인식: Q 방법론적 접근 (Types of Perception toward End-of-Life Medical Decision-making of Clinical Nurses: Q-Methodological Approach)

  • 조계화;김연자;손기철
    • Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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    • 제15권1호
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    • pp.18-29
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    • 2012
  • 목적: 본 연구는 말기환자의 의료적 의사결정에 대한 임상간호사의 인식 구조와 유형을 분류하고 파악하여 향후 실무현장에서 말기 의료적 의사결정 수행능력 향상과 공유된 의료적 의사결정 체계를 구축하기 위해 기초자료를 제공하기 위한 Q 방법론을 적용한 조사연구이다. 방법: 관련 문헌고찰과 개방형 질문지 그리고 개별 면담을 통해 Q 모집단을 추출하여 167개의 Q 진술문을 표집하여 내용의 중복과 표현의 명확성 등을 고려하여 수정한 후 Q 모집단을 의미와 주제별로 6개의 범주로 분류한 다음 각 범주에서 대표적이거나 상이한 의미의 Q 진술문 34항목을 선정하였다. P 표본은 대학병원에서 근무하고 있는 2년 이상의 임상간호사 37명을 편의표집방법으로 선정하였으며 34개의 진술문은 Q 카드에 인쇄하여 연구대상자들로 하여금 강제 정상분포가 되도록 각자 의견의 중요도에 따라 9점 척도 상에 Q 분류하도록 하였고, 양극단에 분류한 진술문과 관련하여 대상자와 면담을 시행하였다. 수집된 자료는 PC-QUANL Program으로 요인분석 하였다. 결과: 분류된 말기환자의 의료적 의사결정에 대한 대상자의 유형은 모두 4가지로 나타났으며 이들 유형에 의해 설명된 전체 변량은 52.7%였다. 제1유형은 '환자 참여형'으로 의료적 의사결정에 대한 환자의 자율성 보장과 이와 관련된 규율이나 법적 장치의 정비와 가이드 라인 마련에 중점을 두었다. 제2유형은 '의료인 역할중시형'으로 환자의 자율성 존중이 실현되기 위한 의료인간의 공유된 의사결정에 중점을 두었다. 제3유형은 '개방적 죽음문화형'으로 평소 죽음에 대해 환자, 가족, 의료인과의 개방적이고 솔직한 대화의 분위기 조성을 효율적인 말기 의료적 의사결정의 실천적 행위로 인식하였다. 제4유형은 '가족의사결정 참여형'으로 말기 의료적 의사결정에 가족의 현존과 역할이 갖는 의미에 강조점을 두었다. 결론: 이상의 결과를 통하여 임상에서 말기환자의 의료적 의사결정에 대한 교육프로그램을 계획하고 수행할 때에는 각 유형에서 나타난 임상간호사의 인식을 반영한 통합적이고 다 학제적인 교육내용이 반영되어야 할 것으로 본다. 본 연구는 임상간호사를 대상으로 오늘날 우리 사회에서 중요시 되고 있는 말기환자의 의료적 의사결정과 연관된 다양한 관점들을 문화적 측면에서 조명했다는 점에서 의의가 있다. 따라서 성숙하고 통합적인 말기 의료적 의사결정 교육프로그램을 위한 기초자료로 유용하게 활용될 것으로 기대된다. 본 연구 결과를 바탕으로 제언을 하면, 첫째, 말기환자의 의료적 의사결정과 관련된 의학과 간호학 분야의 통합적이고 다 학문적인 공통교육과정 개발을 제언한다. 둘째, 본연구를 토대로 한국인의 말기 의료적 의사결정에 대한 태도 측정도구 개발을 제언한다.

호스피스간호사의 역할수행 정도와 직무만족도 (Role accomplishment and job satisfaction of hospice nurse)

  • 한형숙;최화숙
    • 호스피스학술지
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    • 제8권1호
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    • pp.29-48
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    • 2008
  • 목적: 본 연구의 목적은 호스피스간호사의 역할수행정도와 직무만족도를 파악하고, 역할수행정도와 직무만족도에 영향을 미치는 요인을 분석하는데 있다. 방법: 자료수집은 전국 53개 기관에서 6개월 이상 근무하고 있는 189명의 호스피스 간호사를 대상으로 구조화된 설문지를 사용하여 자기기입식으로 2007년 10월부터 11월 사이에 시행하였다. 역할수행정도 측정도구는 Riehl의 간호역할을 기초로 유은광(1979)이 고안한 도구와 최화숙 등(2005)의 연구를 바탕으로 8개의 영역으로 구성하여 만들었으며, 이 도구의 신뢰도는 Cronbach's $\alpha$=.963 이었다. 직무만족도는 Slavitt et al.(1978)의 도구와 박정순(1994)의 연구도구를 수정·보완하여 6개의 영역으로 구성하였으며, 이 도구의 신뢰도는 Cronbach's $\alpha$=.881이었다. 수집된 자료의 분석을 위해 SPSS WIN 12.0 프로그램을 이용하였으며, 실수와 백분율, 평균과 표준편차, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson Correlation Coefficient 등으로 분석하였다. 결과: 본 연구의 대상자는 모두 여자였으며 연령은 20~29세군이 33.3%로 많았고 평균 나이는 36.7세이었다. 87.8%가 종교를 갖고 있었으며 59.3%가 병동형에서 근무하고 있었다. 대부분 근무기관에 호스피스 팀 구성이 되어 있었으며, 호스피스·완화간호 경력은 1년 이상~5년 미만이 57.7%로 많았고, 호스피스·완화교육은 호스피스간호 교육이수(12개월 이내)가 58.7%이었다. 대상자의 근무 중 가장 큰 어려움으로는 환자와 가족의 간호 28.8%, 의료제도 등의 환경장애 23.6%, 낮은 보수 15.3%, 역할의 모호성 13.1% 등 이었다. 호스피스간호사의 직무만족을 높이기 위해 개선할 사항에 대한 의견으로는 전문가적 위치 및 존중 33.1%, 업무여건 개선 23.2%, 보수 인상 22.4%, 행정적 지원 11.8% 등 이었다. 대상자의 역할수행정도와 직무만족도는 각각 3.53점, 3.39점이었다. 호스피스간호사의 역할수행은 옹호자, 실무전문가, 조정자(협동), 교육자, 질 관리자, 상담자, 행정가, 연구자 순으로 수행하고 있었다. 직무만족도는 전문가적 위치에 대한 만족, 상호작용에 대한 만족, 직무자체에 대한 만족, 행정적인 측면에서 만족, 자율성에 대한 만족 순이었고, 보수에 대한 만족이 가장 낮았다. 대상자의 역할수행정도는 연령, 기혼여부, 학력과 직위에 따라, 조정자 역할 여부, 호스피스 전담 여부, 호스피스완화간호 경력과 호스피스·완화간호교육 정도에 따라 유의하게 차이가 있었다(p<.05). 직무만족도는 연령 증가, 호스피스 팀 구성 직종 수에 따라, 조정자 역할 여부, 호스피스 전담 여부, 호스피스·완화 간호교육 정도, 근무를 가능한 오래하고 싶어 하는 대상자에서 유의하게 차이가 있었다(p<.05). 대상자의 역할수행정도와 직무만족도는 통계적으로 유의한 순상관관계를 나타내었다(r=.541, p<.01). 결론: 이상의 결과를 종합하여 볼 때, 호스피스간호사 개인과 전문직의 발전을 위해서는 연구하며 일하는 자세와 모든 역할수행에서 적극적이고 창조적인 노력이 요구된다. 그리고 보수에 대한 낮은 만족도에도 불구하고 전체적인 만족도가 높은 것은 업무수행에 있어서의 만족과 호스피스.완화의료서비스에 대한 가치에서 많은 만족을 얻고 있는 것으로 보인다. 이는 향후 호스피스간호사의 보수에 대한 개선이 시급함을 보여주는 결과라고 하겠다.

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제 5기 국민건강영양조사로 추정한 한국 성인의 대사증후군 유병률과 관련 요인 (The Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome and Related Risk Factors Based on the KNHANES V 2010)

  • 박은옥;최수정;이효영
    • 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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    • 제38권1호
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    • pp.1-13
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    • 2013
  • 본 연구에서는 국민건강영양조사자료를 이용하여 IDF 기준에 의한 우리나라 20세 이상 성인의 대사증후군 유병률과 관련 요인을 규명하고자 시행되었다. 2010년 제5차 국민건강영양조사에 참여한 5670명의 자료를 이용하였다. 본 연구에서 자료 분석은 SAS 9.2 통계분석프로그램을 사용하였으며, 분석 시 복합표본설계를 이용하여 표본추출한 자료에 적용하는 SAS 명령어를 사용하였으며, 표본 추출률을 반영한 설계가중치, 무응답률, 사후 층화, 극단 가중치 처리단계를 거쳐 최종 산출된 개인가중치를 모두 적용하였다. 인구학적 특성, 생활습관, 가족력 등에 따른 모집단의 대사증후군의 유병률 추정치와 집단간 유병률의 차이를 비교하였고, 대사증후군 관련 요인을 파악하기 위하여 교차비 추정치와 이의 95% 신뢰구간을 구하였다. 우리나라 성인의 대사증후군 유병률은 18.8%였다. 인구학적 특성별로 대사증후군 유병률을 살펴보면, 남성 16.8%, 여성 20.7%였다. 20대 연령은 4.5%, 70대는 43.1%로 연령이 많을수록 대사증후군 유병률은 유의하게 높았으며, 교육수준이 초등학교인 경우 38.0%, 대학교 졸업은 12.9%로 교육수준이 낮을수록 대사증후군 유병률이 높았다. 전문관리직인 경우에 12.8%, 농업 및 단순 노무직인 경우 20.4%, 무직인 경우 21.8%로 직업에 따라 대사증후군 유병률에 차이가 있었고, 미혼인 경우 대사증후군 유병률은 5.5%로 가장 낮고, 이혼 또는 별거인 경우는 대사증후군 유병률이 40.6%였다. 알코올 의존문제가 있는 경우 23.6%의 대사증후군 유병률을 보였고, 체질량 지수가 25이상인 경우에 대사증후군은 43.7%로 나타났다. 대사증후군 유병률에 대한 교차비와 95% 신뢰구간을 살펴보면, 여성의 교차비가 1.59(1.20-2.11), 20대 연령집단을 기준으로 하였을 때, 50대의 교차비가 3.95(2.11-7.37), 60대는 5.62(2.98-10.61), 70세 이상은 10.56(5.25-21.25)으로 나타났다. 초졸 학력에 비해 고졸학력의 교차비가 0.52(0.37-0.74), 사무직이 전문직과 비교하여 2.14(1.27-3.60), 기혼자에 비해 이혼하거나 별거중인 군의 교차비가 1.72(1.15-2.59), 알코올 의존문제가 있는 경우 교차비가 1.86(1.16-2.98), 비만군이 정상 체중군과 비교하여 14.08(10.62-18.70)으로 유의한 관련성을 보였다. 그 외에 다른 요인들에 의한 대사증후군 유병위험은 통계적으로 유의하지 않았다. 본 연구는 IDF 기준을 적용하여 우리나라 성인의 대사증후군 유병률과 대상자의 특성에 따라 대사증후군 유병률을 파악하고, 교차비를 산출하여 관련요인을 확인하였다는 점에서 의미가 있다. 향후 연구에서는 여러 가지 대사증후군 진단기준을 적용하여 우리나라와 다른 나라의 대사증후군 유병률과 관련요인을 비교하고 우리나라 인구집단에 더 적합한 진단기준이 무엇인지를 확인하는 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다. 또한 본 연구는 단면조사 자료를 이용한 분석이므로 대사증후군 관련 요인은 시간적 전후관계를 파악할 수 없었다. 향후 연구에서 전향적 조사 자료를 이용할 필요가 있다고 사료되며, 생활습관을 보다 정확하게 평가할 수 있는 도구를 이용하여 측정할 것을 제안한다.

간호사의 비정규직 고용실태 및 관련요인에 관한 연구 (A Study on the Nurses' Contingent Employment and Related Factors)

  • 최숙자
    • 간호행정학회지
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    • 제5권3호
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    • pp.477-500
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    • 1999
  • Korean labor market has showed remarkable change of the increase in the amount of unemployment and contingent employment since IMF bailout agreement. There is a theoretical position to explain this increase in contingent employment at hospitals with the notion of flexibility. The high flexibility of employment due to the increase of contingent employees is becoming very important part in new business strategy of hospitals. The types of contingent employment of the nurse are part-time employment temporary employment, fixed-term employment, and internship which was introduced in early 1999. Recently, Korean health care industry managers have paid attention to the customer oriented service, rationalization of business administration, service quality control so that they can adjust their business to outer environment. Especially their efforts concentrate on the wage reduction through efficient and scientific control of man power because wage shares about 40% of total cost. This dissertation aims at verifying the phenomena of the contingent employment of the nurse and analyzing the related factors and problems. To rephrase these aims in ordinal: First, verifying the phenomena of contingent employment of the nurse. Second, verifying the problems of that phenomena. Third, analyzing the related factors of the contingent employment of the nurse. To accomplish these research goals, a statistical survey was executed. in which 384 questionnaires-66 for manager nurses, 318 for contingent nurses - were given to nurses working at 66 hospitals-which have at least 100 beds-in Seoul. Among them, 187 questionnaires-38 from manager nurses, 149 from contingent nurses'- 'were returned. Then, the data coded and submitted to T-test, $X^2$ -test, variance analysis(ANOVA), correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis, Logistic Regression with SAS program. The research results of the contingent nurses are followings: 1. The average career term at the present hospital 8.4 months: duty-on days per month are 24.2 days: working time per day is 7.9 hours. These results showed little difference from regular nurses. 2. Their wage level is about 70% of regular nurses except for internship nurses whose wage level is 41% of regular nurses. To break down the wage composition, part-time nurses and internship nurses get few allowance and bonus. And contingent nurses get very low level of additional pay except for fixed-term nurses who are under similar condition of employment to regular nurses. These results show that hospital managers are trying to reduce the labor cost not only through the direct way of wage reduction but through differential treatment of bonus, retirement allowance, and other additional pay. 3. The problem of contingent employment: low level of pay; high level of turn-over rate: weakening of union; low level of working condition: heavy burden of work; inhuman treatment. The contingent nurses consider these problems more seriously than manager nurses do. What manager nurses regard problematic is the absence of feeling-belonged and responsibility of the contingent nurses. 4. The factors strongly related with the rate of the number of contingent nurses for the number of regular nurses; gross turn-over nurses; average in-patients per day; staring wage of graduate from professional college: the type of hospital ownership; the number of beds; the gap between gross newcomer nurses and gross turn-over nurses. The factors related with their gross wage per month; the number of beds; applying of health insurance; applying of industrial casualty insurance; applying of yearly-paid leave; the type of hospital ownership; average out-patients per day; gross turn-over nurses. The meaningful factors which make difference by employment type: monthly-paid leave; physiological leave. The logistic regression analysis using these two factors shows that monthly-paid leave is related with the type of hospital ownership; the number of beds; average out-patient per day, and physiological leave is related with the gross newcomer nurses; gross turn-over nurses; the number of beds.

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