• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
• /
• v.85 no.1
• /
• pp.161-170
• /
• 2024

Purpose To assess the safety and feasibility of intentionally positioning the catheter tip in the right atrium (RA) without an abutment during implantation of a totally implantable venous access port (TIVAP). Materials and Methods We enrolled 330 patients who had undergone TIVAP implantation between January and December 2016 and postoperative chest CT. The TIVAP was placed using the single-incision technique to access the axillary vein directly from the incision line. To position the catheter tip in the RA without abutment, blood return was checked before cutting. Catheter length and complications were evaluated by retrospectively reviewing medical images and records. Results All patients achieved successful catheter tip positioning without abutment or dysfunction. The median tip position was 15.3 mm distal to the cavoatrial junction (CAJ) on fluoroscopy and 6 mm distal to the CAJ on CT. Catheter tips migrated a median of 10.4 mm cephalically on CT compared to fluoroscopy. Thromboses were detected in the RA and superior vena cava in one patient each. Conclusion Intentional catheter tip positioning in the RA without abutment is a safe and feasible technique with a low incidence of thrombosis and no observed dysfunction.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
• /
• v.27 no.3
• /
• pp.259-266
• /
• 2003

Due to the growth of population and industrial development at the coastal cities, there has been much increase in necessity to effective control of the wastes into the coastal water and river. The amount of disposal at those waters has been increased rapidly ana it is necessary for us to track of it in order to keep the waterway safe and the water clean. The investigation and research in terms of water quality in these regions have been conducted frequently but the systematic survey of the disposed wastes at the bottom was neglected and/or minor. In this study we surveyed the status of disposed waste distribution at the bottom of coastal water and river from the scanned images. The intensity of sound received by the side scan sonar tow fish from the sea floor provides information as to the general distribution and characteristics of the superficial wastes. The port and starboard side scanned images produced from two arrays of transducers borne on a tow fish connected by tow cable to a tug boat have the area with width of 22m~112m and band of 44m~224m. All data are displayed in real-time on a high-resolution color display ($1280{\times}1024$ pixels) together with position information by DGPS. From the field measurement and analysis of the recorded images, we could draw the location and distribution of bottom disposals. Furthermore, we could make a database system which might be useful for navigation and fundamental for planning the waste reception and process control system.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
• /
• v.19 no.1
• /
• pp.215-225
• /
• 2010

This study had the purpose of presenting a residential environment solution as a desirable educational environment for middle school students to grow soundly and to achieve proper self-realization while providing basic materials to build up a suitable residential environment by comparing and analyzing what relationships exist between different home backgrounds, residential environments and middle school students' social maturity. This research was conducted from Feb. 11, 2008 to Feb. 13, 2008. The subject of this research was 601 students in 3 middle schools located in Gyunggi-do. The data analyzed used the SPSS 11.5 version. The summary of this study's results is as follows. First, in terms of home background, the higher the parents' educational background and social and economic position, the greater the students' social maturity. Second, in terms of home environment, the more spacious the living space, the better the water and sewage system and rest room, the more convenient the air conditioner and kitchen system, the better the lighting, ventilation, soundproofness, insulation, the less the danger in relation to fire, crime, traffic accidents, disaster, the greater the students' social maturity. Third, in terms of the home environment related to the correlation between the residential environment and social maturity, all areas such as housing facilities, housing structural environment and housing safety showed static correlations and proved that the residential environment has an important influence on social maturity. Accordingly, in order to build up an ideal residential environment, we should make efforts to expand and improve better facilities at home considering privacy, lighting, ventilation, soundproofness, heating etc. and remove unsound factors that obstruct students social maturity and build up clean and safe residential environment with good relations with their neighbors.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.39-44
• /
• 2007

Purpose: The authors intended to analyze the operative results of moderate hallux valgus with proximal chevron metatarsal osteotomy and distal soft tissue procedure. Materials and Methods: Seventy feet of fifty-seven patients were followed for more than 1 year after the proximal chevron metatarsal osteotomy. The mean age was 47.2 years, and the mean follow up period was 2 years and 3 months. Clinically preoperative and postoperative AOFAS MP-IP scale and satisfaction after the surgery were analyzed. Radiologically hallux valgus angle, hallux valgus interphalangeal angle, the intermetatarsal angle and sesamoid position before and after the operation were analyzed. Results: Additional Akin osteotomy was performed 48 out of 70 feet. Clinically AOFAS MP-IP scale was increased from 60.4 points preoperatively to 89.8 points postoperatively. Ninety-four percents of the patients were satisfied with the results. Radiologically hallux valgus angle was decreased from $34.8^{\circ}$ preoperatively to $12.8^{\circ}$ postoperatively. The intermetatarsal angle was decreased from $15.7^{\circ}$ preoperatively to $8.0^{\circ}$ postoperatively. Hallux valgus interphalangeal angle was increased from $7.4^{\circ}$ preoperatively to $9.8^{\circ}$ postoperatively. There were 3 recurrences, 1 hallux varus and 3 minor wound infections. There were no nonunion or malunion of the 1st metatarsal. Conclusion: Proximal chevron metatarsal osteotomy with distal soft tissue procedure and additional Akin osteotomy appears to be safe and satisfactory procedure.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
• /
• v.49 no.4
• /
• pp.301-306
• /
• 2019

Purpose: This report presents a procedure for performing power Doppler ultrasound-guided sialography using the phenomenon of increased blood flow and illustrates its application to practical patient cases. Materials and Methods: The salivary gland was scanned using ultrasound equipment (GE LOGIQ5 Expert^® device; GE Medical Systems, Milwaukee, WI, USA) to identify pathological findings related to the patient's chief complaint. To identify the orifice of the main duct, it should be cannulated using a lacrimal dilator. After inserting the catheter into the cannulated main duct, the position of the catheter within the duct was confirmed by ultrasound. A contrast agent was injected until the patient felt fullness, and ultrasound (B-mode) was used to confirm whether the contrast agent filled the main canal and secondary and tertiary ducts. Then, power Doppler ultrasound was performed to determine whether the salivary gland had increased blood flow. Results: In 2 cases in this report, a power Doppler ultrasound scan showed a significant increase in blood flow after contrast medium injection, which was not observed on a preoperative scan. Conclusion: Power Doppler ultrasound was found to be a simple, safe, and effective tool for real-time sialography monitoring.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
• /
• v.21 no.4
• /
• pp.43-51
• /
• 2004

Objectives : In order to ensure safe acupuncture treatment, the quality of the needle tip is essential. But, there have not been so many studies about the quality of the acupuncture needle tip. For this reason we have been already reported about the quality of acupuncture needle tip in Korea using scanning electron microscope(SEM) in 2002, 2003. In order to compare than other society, we investigated the current condition of the tips of the acupuncture needles sold in Europe. Methods : We obtained the needles made by 7 companies, which are sold currently in Europe, and selected 50 pieces out of 100 pieces from each company by randomized methods. And then we observed the tip of each needle using a scanning electron microscope at ${\times}800$ magnification. Results and Discussion : We found that needles had several defects such as scratch marks on the surface, metallic scuff, lumps and irregularities of the needle tips, stubbed or malformed tips, tips of point off-center, peeled off coated tips, same as Korean needles. There was much difference on the quality of needles among the manufacturers, and some needles seem to need thorough quality control. Allowing for the high price, the quality of some needle in Europe generally are better than that of Korean needles. But some Korean needles hold a top position than European ones in quality. We want a good industrial standard to be made in acupuncture manufacturing fields in the near future, because the safety is not less valuable than the efficacy in medicine.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
• /
• v.5 no.1
• /
• pp.80-91
• /
• 1996

A free rectus abdominis flap can include a variable amount of muscle length depending on recipient site requirements. There is also great flexibility in flap design in terms of size, orientation of its axis, and the level of its location over the muscle. It is safe to design the skin island across the midline. Though skin islands designed over the most inferior portion of the abdomen have not always proved reliable when based on the superior epigastric artery, free flaps based on the inferior pedicle can be successfully designed in this area. As free flap based on the inferior epigastric vessels, this flap has been useful for large head and neck defects following ablative procedures, for facial contour restoration as a buried flap, for upper extremity defects, for lower extremity defects such as coverage of grade III tibial fractures and for breast reconstruction. A free rectus abdominis muscle or myocutaneus flap was used in 8 patients. The operations were performed between Sep. of 1994 and April of 1996. The patients were tongue cancer 1 case, chronic facial palsy 1 case, unilateral breast reconstruction 1 case, upper and lower extremity injury 5 cases. The free rectus abdominis muscle flaps were 4 cases and the free myocutaneous flaps were 4 cases. There was no failure of the flap, except one partial necrosis. One case of the skin grafts on the muscle flap was regrafted. One case of reoperation due to venous thrombosis was performed. In tongue cancer patient, a orocutaneous fistula was occurred, but conservative treatment and secondandry skin graft were done. In conclusion, a free rectus abdominis flap has many advantages such as a long and constant pedicle, easy dissection, enough soft tissue available, scar on the donor site to be hiddened, no need for changing position. So we think that this flap is the most useful one for small or moderate sized defects on the various sites.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.26 no.4
• /
• pp.77-85
• /
• 2012

A study was performed on the design of a mooring line to maintain the position of a floating WEC (wave energy conversion) system. The procedure to design a mooring line is set up and the safety of the designed mooring system is evaluated using commercial software, Orcaflex. The characteristics curve for one line is analyzed to determine the properties and pretension of a mooring line. While considering the ocean environmental condition and importance of a floating WEC system, a multi-line layout is determined. A 4-point mooring system with 4 lines shows the instability in the yaw motion of the floating WEC system under a designed ocean environmental condition. The redesigned 4-point mooring system with 8 lines is found to be safe on the condition of a harsh ocean environment. The floating WEC system with the redesigned mooring system also shows stable motion in surge and pitch under operating conditions. From a parametric study on the mooring line length, the extreme value of the mooring line tension is found to be very sensitive to the pretension and length of mooring line. The results of this study can contribute to the establishment of a design procedure for mooring lines.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.124-128
• /
• 2009

Purpose: The authors intended to analyze the operative results of mild to moderate hallux valgus treated with distal chevron metatarsal osteotomy. Materials and Methods: Twenty six feet of twenty three patients were followed for more than 1 year after the distal chevron metatarsal osteotomy. Biplanar osteotomy with wedge resection was done when the distal metatarsal articular angle (DMAA) was increased. The mean age was 39 years, and the mean follow up period was 27 months. Clinically preoperative and postoperative AOFAS hallux MP-IP scale and satisfaction after the surgery were analyzed. Radiologically hallux valgus angle, the 1st intermetatarsal angle, DMAA and sesamoid position before and after the operation were analyzed. Results: Distal chevron osteotomy was done in 15 cases and biplanar osteotomy was done in 11 cases. Clinically AOFAS scale was increased from 65.3 points preoperatively to 92.2 points postoperatively. Two patients were not satisfied with the results. Radiologically hallux valgus angle was decreased from $21.9^{\circ}$ preoperatively to $8.5^{\circ}$ postoperatively. The first intermetatarsal angle was decreased from $11.8^{\circ}$ preoperatively to $6.7^{\circ}$ postoperatively. DMAA was decreased from $11.8^{\circ}$ preoperatively to $5.5^{\circ}$ postoperatively. There was one case of minor wound infection. Conclusion: Distal chevron metatarsal osteotomy appears to be safe and satisfactory procedure for mild to moderate hallux valgus.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
• /
• 2014.06a
• /
• pp.15-16
• /
• 2014

As trade cross the world is increasing these days, safe and effective management of harbour system is becoming important issue. With this background, the development of automatic time-domain simulation programme for ship berthing operation has been being peformed and PD (Proportional Derivative) controller has been used to control the speed and the heading angle of ships. This paper provides feasibility study for developing the time-domain simulation programme for berthing operation of ships with analysing advantages and drawbacks of the two different mathematical models, one is for low advance speed of ships by Kose (1984) and the other is MMG model for normal advance speed, through the simulations with various initial heading angles and positions of the ship.