• International Journal of Safety
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.34-37
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• 2006

As part of an effort to systematize the operation planning for cutting processes, the neural network method has been applied to model the process of selecting cutting conditions and subsequently to arrive at effective and safe cutting conditions through learning during training of the model. New cutting conditions that are more effective and safer for the given circumstance are obtained. The proposed algorithm deletes the old information previously learned, and then makes the network make at improvement by learning. As a result, the new algorithm provides useful cutting conditions for safer manufacturing environments. A variety of simulation cases illustrate the performance of the proposed methodology. The simulation results are provided and discussed.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제49권
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• pp.2.1-2.11
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• 2019

Nanomaterials (NMs) find widespread use in different industries that range from agriculture, food, medicine, pharmaceuticals, and electronics to cosmetics. It is the exceptional properties of these materials at the nanoscale, which make them successful as growth promoters, drug carriers, catalysts, filters and fillers, but a price must be paid via the potential toxity of these materials. The harmful effects of nanoparticles (NPs) to environment, human and animal health needs to be investigated and critically examined, to find appropriate solutions and lower the risks involved in the manufacture and use of these exotic materials. The vast number and complex interaction of NM/NPs with different biological systems implies that there is no universal toxicity mechanism or assessment method. The various challenges need to be overcome and a number of research studies have been conducted during the past decade on different NMs to explore the possible mechanisms of uptake, concentrations/dosage and toxicity levels. This review article examines critically the recent reports in this field to summarize and present opportunities for safer design using case studies from published literature.

• Medical Lasers
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.34-38
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• 2020

Recently, various lasers and energy-based devices (EBDs) have been widely used in aesthetic procedures. Although using lasers and energy-based aesthetic procedures presents a potential risk to doctors, nurses, and patients, aesthetic procedures tend to be performed without the necessary precautions. For injury prevention, it is essential to follow safety rules and be aware of potential accidents. Furthermore, it is important to understand the basic principles of the devices, including the different optical and electrical properties. Acquiring the exact knowledge to control a device is important for two reasons; to maintain a safer operating environment and prolong the lifespan of expensive devices. This review briefly summarizes the knowledge needed for better and safer aesthetic procedures and the proper control of aesthetic devices.

• 교육시설
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.23-28
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• 2014

• 한국화재소방학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국화재소방학회 2007년도 춘계학술논문발표회 논문집
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• pp.277-282
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• 2007

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.22-27
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• 1999

While the conventional end-to-end anastomotic technique is accepted as 'the golden standard' for microvascular anastomosis, it is time-consuming and tedious. In an effort to offer faster and safer ways of performing microvascular anastomoses, numerous anastomotic techniques have been proposed, but further refinements in microvascular techniques are still necessary. A 'continuous suture with interrupted knot' technique was devised for faster and safer anastomosis. It has been successfully used in microanastomoses of both artery and vein for free tissue transfer. It is a combination of the interrupted suturing technique and the continuous suturing technique. First, a continuous suture is made with the size of loop decreasing in order, and then the sutures are tied individually from the first loop to the last one as in the conventional interrupted suturing technique. It was applied clinically to fourteen patients over the past ten months and found to be a highly efficient technique that satisfied our needs. This 'continuous suture with interrupted knot' technique has several advantages over other techniques : The operative time is reduced comparing conventional interrupted suture technique. By delaying the tie and with the vessel walls kept separated, the risk of through-stitch can be reduced. Tying all the sutures at one time not only speed up the procedures, but also reduced the surgeon's fatigue. In addition, it has no problem of anastomotic stenosis which is a disadvantage of continuous suture technique. This technique proved to be faster and safer, and has patency equal to that of the conventional end-to-end anastomosis. It is of great help to the surgeon in reducing operative time, especially in clinical situations when many anastomoses are required, or lengthy grafting procedures are undertaken.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.43-50
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• 2010

최근에 체세포 리프로그래밍 기법을 사용하여 체세포에 몇 가지 전사인자(리프로그래밍 인자)를 넣어줌으로써 유도만능줄기세포(induced pluripotent stem cell, iPS)를 만드는데 성공하였다. 유도만능줄기세포는 배아줄기세포와 유사하게 자가재생 할 수 있는 능력이 있으며, 신체의 모든 타입의 세포로 분화할 수 있는 특징을 가지고 있다. 배아줄기세포와는 달리 면역거부반응이 없다는 점과 윤리적인 문제로부터 자유롭다는 장점이 있어 2006년 Yamanaka 팀이 유도만능줄기세포에 관해 처음 보고한 이후로 이 분야 연구의 급속한 발전이 이루어지고 있다. 하지만 안전성의 문제점 때문에 세포치료제로 사용되기 위해서는 리프로그래밍 인자의 도입 방법 및 새로운 리프로그래밍 인자의 발굴 등 몇 가지 해결해야 할 점들이 남아 있다. 본 종설에서는 유도만능줄기세포를 만드는데 사용된 몇 가지 리프로그래밍 인자에 대해 보고된 연구 내용을 리프로그래밍 인자가 존재하는 세포인 배아줄기세포 및 난자와 배아에서 정리하고자 하며, 리프로그래밍 인자의 연구에 관한 방향에 대해 논의하고자 한다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2003

In spite water direct seeding cultivation of rice has advantages in terms of laborsaving and cost-down, it demonstrates uneven seedling establishment and difficult weed management. To select an applicable mat for mulching system of water seeded rice, weed occurrence, growth and yield performances of rice, and soil temperature were evaluated in several kinds of biodegradable mulching material. Field studies were conducted at the experimental farm of National Crop Experiment Station in 1999 and 2000. Among the mats tested in 1999, Safer-mat had the greatest effect on inhibiting weed occurrence and Lawn-mat demonstrated the least efficacy of weed control (EWC) value. In Safer-mat treatment, Ludwigia prostrata was the dominant weed species but Echinochloa crus-galli was not observed. Different kinds of mulching material from the mats studied in 1999 were tested in 2000. Biodegradable polyester (PES) coated on the recycled paper for newspaper press (RP) treatments showed similar or higher EWC values than non-mulched broadcast seed rice with 2 times of herbicide application (BC-herbicide) and Safer-mat that was the most effective mat on preventing weed appearance in 1999. Immediately after mat mulching on the surface of paddy soil, five pregerminated rice seeds were manually sown in each 3cm-hole formerly punctured at 30${\times}$14 cm spacing in 2000. All the 3 kinds of mulching material tested in 2000 had better seedling stand than BC-herbicide treatment. Rice yield in PES coated with 10 thickness on RP (PES10 $\mu\textrm{m}$＋RP) was a little higher than in BC-herbicide treatment but the former produced less panicles in unit land area than the latter. PES10 $\mu\textrm{m}$＋RP demonstrated a great effect on raising soil surface temperature than non-mulching treatment throughout the period of seedling establishment.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.231-237
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• 2016

실손의료보험은 국민건강보험이 보장하지 않는 부분을 지원함으로써 보장성을 강화시키는 기능을 수행하고 있다. 그러나 까다로운 운영체계 및 절차로 보험가입자의 의료실손금액 청구가 어려운 실정이다. 이러한 현상을 해소하기 위하여 보험가입자가 진료비를 요양기관에 지급한 후 청구서류를 작성하여 보험금을 청구하는 체계로 운영(상환제)하고 있다. 그러나 상환제 운영도 여전히 보험가입자의 권익보호가 어렵고, 번거로운 청구 절차로 소액보험금의 청구를 포기하는 상황이다. 그래서 보험가입자의 편리와 운영의 간소화를 위하여 개인정보 은닉기술, 본인인증기술, e-page safer 기술 기반 증명서 발급에서 공인전자주소(#-mail)를 활용한 보험료 청구까지 한번에 처리할 수 있는 원스톱 보험 청구 시스템을 적용하였다. 이렇게 개발된 시스템은 번거로운 청구절차를 간소화함으로써 보험 청구율이 높아져 의료비의 부담을 줄일 수 있을 것이다.

• 정보보호학회논문지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.77-86
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• 2005

연관 암호 공격은 키의 길이에 따라 가변 라운드 수를 갖는 블록 암호알고리즘의 키 스케줄의 약점을 이용한 공격으로 2002년 Hongjun Wu에 의해 소개되었다. 이 공격은 두 개의 서로 다른 키 길이에 대해 각기 다른 라운드 수를 갖는 두 암호에서 사용되는 키 쌍이 유사-동치키일 경우에 적용되는 공격이다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 연관 암호 공격을 블록 암호알고리즘의 가장 강력한 공격 방법인 차분 공격과 결합한 차분 연관 암호 공격의 개념을 제시한다. 차분 연관 암호 공격은 기존의 연관 암호 공격에서 라운드 수의 차이가 커짐에 따라 공격 적용의 어려움을 극복한 방법이다. 이 공격법을 이용하여 블록 암호알고리즘 ARIA v.0.9와 SC2000을 분석한다. 또한, 차분 공격 뿐 아니라 선형 공격. 고계 차분 공격 등과 같은 기존의 블록 암호알고리즘 공격들과 연관 암호 공격이 결합 가능함을 이용하여, 가변 라운드 수존 갖는 블록 암호알고리즘인 SAFER++와 CAST-128을 분석한다.