• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.61-68
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• 2007

Rutian village is situated at the lower stream of Tumen river- U shaped entrance which is around many small mountains. This village which can be entered through the ferry of the HyoRyongBong village had started to be founded before the "Korean village"was founded. It was cultivated by Chinese, but because of the increasing number of the Korean immigrants, it finally became the village for only Korean Chinese. It has become from the very small village in the reclamation period to the prosperous one containing 45 houses in the Cultural Revolution period. Unfortunately, after adopting the Open policy, the village got smaller and contained only 15 houses. The reasons were: many young people emigrated to big cities for economic security and the education of their children; some went abroad to get job. To see the space structure for the village, streets and the roads, which can connect 130-year-old village to the villages around it, were opened as national roads. Bat these roads disappeared and also were not used much because of the decreasing number of resident population. The residence has become from the very small village in the reclamation period to the prosperous one and then become a smaller one again now. Especially, front villages and remote villages have started to disappear. Moreover, because of a good geographical condition such as the mountain and the water, fish farms have been much built up, and so houses with business facilities have started to build up.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.111-120
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• 2012

Because people are gradually interested in bicycles, central and local governments provide many efforts for expanding bikeway plans and utilization. However, most domestic bicycle plans have been established for the urban and leisure. This research is focused on developing the evaluation method to give the priority order for the investment of rural community bicycle roads. For the methodology development, the planning hierarchy and indicator framework are proposed in this paper. In order to decide the weighting value for indicators, a questionnaire survey to transportation experts was conducted. Moreover, the coefficient for social and spatial equity was applied to consider the balance of regional development. The evaluation was applied to a pilot corridor comprised of a 160km section of national highway in korea. This methodology provides a new tool to decide priority order for the investment of bicycle facilities.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.62 no.1
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• pp.105-115
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• 2020

With the decrease of the agricultural population in Korea, the workers who is vulnerable to labor are increasing in agricultural industry because of aging, feminization of population. They are exposed in poor working environment with higher temperature and concentrations of dust, gas. Higher concentration of harmful gas and dust can cause chronic and acute disease to workers depending on exposure intensity and frequency. In order to improve the working environment in the livestock facilities, It is important to secure monitoring data of the thermal environment and the concentration of harmful gases and fine dust. Multi-point measurement was performed to analyze the regional environmental conditions in the pig rooms. When analyzing the working environment, video monitoring was conducted to analyze the concentration changes of ammonia, hydrogen sulfide and fine dust according to worker movement and work type. Ammonia and hydrogen sulfide monitoring result showed 1.5~2 times higher concentrations than other work when working in the pigs living zone, and 2~4 times higher than other work when working to increase the activity of pigs. In the case of fine dust, the result was 1.3 times higher than the worker's exposure standard in a specific work. The concentrations of gases and dusts from pig farms are not of concern for acute poisoning in normal work, but there is a risk of chronic respiratory disease if they are continuously exposed. Accordingly, there is a need for development of work environment monitoring device tailored to workers and preparation of alternatives.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.458-466
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• 2015

This article aims at examining Japanese recognition of Korea through analyzing the Japanese language textbooks of Japan, in order to find how Japanese people perceived Korea in the first half of the 20th century. I explored descriptions related to Korea in the Japanese language textbooks published in the 1st curriculum (1904) to the 5th curriculum (1945). In this period, the Japanese language textbooks were serving in allowing Korea to be associated Queen Jin Goo and Toyotomi Hideyoshi, Korean custom and Korean landscape of Seoul and rural area. They designated Korea was a small and weak country through the stories of Queen Jin Goo and Toyotomi Hideyoshi. Although they introduced Korean floor heating system, Korean costume, and Korean ritual, they reinforced Korea was a backward country through representing undeveloped transportation facilities and unsanitary living conditions. They characterized the coloniality of Korea through portraying modern buildings created by Japan on Seoul streets. Furthermore, they induced assimilation of Japan and Korea through the story of Korean rural areas.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.69-83
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• 2001

Based on year 2000 the 7th Educational curriculum is applied to students in elementary school 1~2 grade and it will be applied to middle school students in year 2001 and will be fully operated to the whole grade in 2003. In year 2004 it will be enforced to the whole grade in elementary middle high school. As like these changes of the educating surroundings it must emergence the uniform educations and system. It should be prepared for the age of worldwide, informational and diversity to educate in a new way. After all these changes of the educational courses will be effected to school institution and courses of elementary school and middle school to change. You can tell about the course of study in elementary school and middle school has already been in touch, by the 7th educational curriculum. The educating courses are all organized with elementary school to high school by time dividing. Like this diversified background, it is true that the study of the efficient operation of Integrated elementary school and middle school operations and a small group of schools that are just to be assimilated or also to be abolish, was not enough. So, in this course of study by looking through the policy the Integrated schools will be increasing and the 7th educational curriculum to contact by this result the educational facilities are required and for that the purpose is to design a architecture for the Integrated elementary school and middle school operation.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.47-54
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• 2016

The objective of this study is to propose the principle and method of the spatial system modification for the compatibility of habitability and tourism convenience in cultural property villages. Based on the field survey on tourists' routes, activities and their durations in Oeam-maeul, the problems of conflict, between habitability/residents and tourism/tourists, and their causes are analyzed. And the modification principle and method of spatial system is proposed as follows; The basic principle of the spatial system modification is to respect the traditional hierarchy in village roads, between the main road and sub-roads, and the territoriality of settlement space that is typically differentiated as the social, individual, and ceremonial domains, from the front to rear part of settlement. With this principle, it is recommended to restrict the tour route to one that is composed of the main road and the periphery road of housing area, and some connecting sub-roads. based on the surveyed tourists's routes. And it is suggested that the tourist facilities, whether they are existing houses or newly built buildings, and the tourist programs are necessary for experience tourism to cultural property villages, and they are proposed to be placed along the restricted tour route.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.73-80
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• 2011

This study aims to develop furniture industry in eastern district of Gangwondo and a city of Gangneung and Donghae. Case study on furniture complex in Asahikawa, Japan and survey of furniture companies in Gangneung and Donghae city were implemented for understanding of present state, followed by analysis of problems. It can be summarized as follows. First, the basic operation method of Japanese furniture industry is to keep a balance between industry and academy. Universities or centers are in charge of education and fostering talents, such as allowing to promote and to sell products in design center gallery while corporations support it by lending expensive devices and conducting strength test analysis. Second, according to the survey of furniture companies in Gangneung, many difficulties in products development such as a shortage of designer, method, creative design were discovered. With respect to education and human force fostering, education for design and e-commerce were not sufficient, also marketing section has a problem with limited space for display and selling. Corporate support section is facing problems in receiving raw materials, aging of facilities, manufacturing and management methods. Consequently, it is considered that academic and industrial sections should implement their own roles by forming a bilateral network which connects local universities, high schools, relevant organization in the city and providence and furniture manufacturing companies to companies' product development, human force fostering and marketing in an attempt to activate the furniture industry in this area.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.1-8
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to deduce dwelling selection criterion and to consider change of values and consciousness of dwelling on people who return to farming & going to village. For that, questionnaire of evaluation of housing choice is conducted by people who return to farming & going to village in Jellanam-do by the AHP. The results are as follows. First, four factors as the primary hierarchy structure and 12 factors as the secondary hierarchy structure of dwelling selection criterion are deduced. The primary hierarchy are "education environment", "economic & Convenience in life", "residence safety and image", and "economic value". Second, weight value deduced from the primary hierarchy structure is showed that "economic & convenience in life(0.345)" is the highest and next is "education environment(0.262)". "Residence safety and image(0.237)", and e "economic value(0.157)" is relatively low(C.I. 0.213). Third, for the secondary hierarchy structure, the case of life convenience is showed that economic condition(0.403) is the highest, the case of educational condition is showed that education facilities(0.479), the case of residence safety and image is showed that residence area(0.490) is the highest, and the case of economic importance is showed that financial technology(0.470) is the highest.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.135-147
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to make a proposal for the planning of the back-to-farming community village. For this study of a community village designed by residents, the information on the residents' participation and the role of a coordinator in the whole planning process of the community village were investigated, based on the rural village development policy. The community village studied here is located at Sannae-myeon, Namwon-city in Jeonbuk-do. Interviews were answered by 17 households and a process coordinator. The results are as follows. 1) The process coordinator participated in the project on the design of village, permission documentation, and construction from the beginning. The coordinator and residents met every month, and discussed the respective housing and the village environment regulation. 2) Every house has its own plan, but the architectural coordinator's counseling and coordination in the planning process resulted in higher participation. Function of common spaces were determined by residents' participation. Finally, common spaces consist of 2 buildings that one would have as much as open spaces to accommodate as many as residents' activities and the other have business facilities. 3) The political assistance is needed to activate construction of resident-participation typed community villages; development of the conflict coordination program and coordinator education program for operation & planning.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.25-32
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• 2010

The aim of this thesis is to present why the business district of old downtown in Jejusi collapsed and what sort of problems caused by that as collecting objective data, which help us to comprehend how the commercial zone has been decaying, on the physical state of the specific area near 'Sinheungro' and 'Chilsungro', which are main commercial sites in the downtown, and analysing it. Firstly It was revealed that most land investigated was property in which structure was able to built or poor land within $60m^2$. This was caused by increasing in land value and high density in space use so that the area did not develop. Secondly, In addition to be low density, most of buildings in 'Sinheungro' and 'Chilsungro' were so old and inefficient - the old buildings were abandoned without improving due to expensive rent and complicated property rights. Thirdly, According to the survey accomplished, major commercial facilities in the area have struggled with the continuous recession in their business. It was the inevitable result of not having an effective alliance with surrounding retail shops and a lack of a strategic action for satisfying consumers desire or adapting to new shopping patterns. Fourthly, Infrastructure in the site was ruining the beauty of the urban landscape as well as bringing on bad access to the inner city as not having improved enough. Furthermore, many administration departments which were in charge of each infrastructure existed. This was resulted from not considering unification between each infrastructure and regional characteristics of the local community.