• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.29-39
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• 2007

This study were obtained elapsed time phase-by-phases, displacement, user angle, velocity and angular velocity to analyse kinematically contributing factors at impact of forehand drive motion, on targeting three male players. The results of the study were presented as follows; In the forehand drive swing, the elapsed time by phases was a total of .52 seconds: .30 seconds from backswing to impact and .22 seconds from impact to follow-through, Considering the mean change in locations of COM of each(part$\rightarrow$body segment) at impact, racket head, left shoulder, right wrist and left hip, the left-right directions(X-axis) were showm to be each $.61{\pm}.03$, $1.19{\pm}.08$, $.66{\pm}.03$, $.94{\pm}.06$, and $.45{\pm}.03m$. The displacement differences of COM of each body segment were shown to be -.57, -.05, -.33, and .16m. For the vertical direction(Z-axis), the center of mass was lowest at impact and highest at E3. For the displacement of the right wrist on the left hip, the right wrist moved to .82m to the lower direction without change in the locations of the hip from E1 from E2. When the left hip moved .02m from E2 to E3, the right wrist moved .7m in the upper direction. In respect to the velocity of each body segment, the hip and the shoulder joint accelerated and then the wrist followed. Then the right wrists of all the subjects and their racket heads showed maximum speed, and an effective swing was observed. At the angle of each part, the angle of the right wrist was the smallest at the backswing and the largest at the moment of the impact. Then it increased gradually in the follow-through section. In respect of angular velocity for subject A, the hip moved and the largest change occurred. Immediately before the impact, the subject made a swing using his right wrist, his hip, and the shoulder joint, showing the maximum value, which was judged to be effective.

• 척추신경추나의학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.1-16
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• 2007

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to identify spinal curvatures, plantar pressure and foot angles in a walking. Methods : 19 outpatients under 19 years old were included. Plantar pressure and foot angle in a walking were measured by using Gaitview AFA-50. Spinal curvatures were measured by using radiograph. Results : The cervical lordotic angle is significantly difference with left and right plantar pressure(p=0.027). The thoracic kyphotic angle is significantly difference with left and right plantar pressure(p=0.026). Cobb's angle is significantly difference with left and right plantar pressure(p=0.027). The other plantar pressure were no difference from spinal curvatures and foot angle in a walking. Conclusion : There were no correlation between plantar pressure, spinal curvatures and foot angle. We consider that needed more additional study.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.67-73
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• 2010

The foot performs an important function in supporting the body and keeping body balance. An abnormal walking habit breaks the balance of the human body as well as the normal function of the foot. The influence of a flatfoot(pes planus) occupies a considerable portion of the various causes resulting in the wrong walking habit. But, little studies has been done by the functional foot orthotics for the flat foot. The object of this study, therefore, is to propose a new approach method to reveal the effects of the improvement of the foot function by using orthotics. The essential point of this study is to measure and analyze the change of ankle angle in the sagittal plane for flat foot subjects wearing the orthotics. Before and after wearing the functional orthotics, the gait analysis of flat foot subjects was conducted in three experimental aspects : the change of ankle angle, the change of the total Ankle ROM and the difference of left & right ankle angle in the sagittal plane. 1. The average ankle angle differences of before-and-after wearing the orthotics have declined like this; left : $2.71^{\circ}$, right: $1.91^{\circ}$ (p<0.05). 2. Total ankle ROM also showed decrease in both sides while the left side's is rather slight; left : $0.57^{\circ}$, right : $2.07^{\circ}$ (p<0.05). 3. The difference of left and right ankle angle in the sagittal plane decreased by $0.71^{\circ}$ (p<0.05). In result, it is confirmed that the functional foot orthotics have a significant effect on mechanical movement of ankle joint for flat foot. it is expected that this paper will be further studied and improved as a practical estimation method in the research on the effect of foot-orthotics.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.153-166
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to investigate time of the phase, angle of the right ankle, knee, and hip joint, lateral angle of the trunk, mediolateral displacement of COM, and vertical displacement of COM between two groups while executing grand battement $jet{\acute{e}}$ $\acute{a}$ la seconde in a center exercise setting through 3D video analysis. The subjects participated in this study were skilled and unskilled 6 female ballet majors in Busan, respectively. The conclusions are as follows: 1. The time of the phase 2 was faster than P3. It shows a significant difference(p<.05) for P1 and P4 between skilled and unskilled groups 2. The angle of He right ankle joint has a significant difference(p<.05) at E4 between skilled and unskilled groups. The angle of the right knee joint has no significant difference at all events between skilled and unskilled groups. The angle of the right hip joint has a significant difference(p<.001) at E3 between skilled and unskilled groups. 3. The lateral angle of the trunk has a significant difference(p<.05) at E1 and at E5 between skilled and unskilled groups. The skilled group of the lateral angle of the trunk was lower than the unskilled group. However the skilled group's lateral angle of the trunk was bigger than the unskilled group at E3. It has significant difference(p<.001) at E3 between skilled and unskilled groups. 4. The mediolateral displacement of COM has no significant difference at all events between skilled and unskilled groups. The vertical displacement of COM has a significant difference(p<.01) at E3 between skilled and unskilled groups.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.13-24
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to compare kinematic data between experts and novices, and identify difference kinematic parameters changing direction to kick in penalty kick of soccer play. Novice subjects were 5 high school students Who has never been experienced a soccer player, and expert subjects were 5 competitive high school soccer players. The 3-d angle was calculated by Euler's Angle by inertial axis and local axis with three-dimensional cinematography. Kinematic parameters in this study consisted of angles of knee joints, hip joints, lower trunk and upper trunk when the support foot was contacted on ground and kicking foot impacted the ball. The difference of angle of knee joints in the flexion/extension was insignificantly showed below $4{\sim}9^{\circ}$ in groups and directions of ball at the time of support and impact. But the difference of angle of hip joint was significant in groups and directions of ball at the time of support and impact. Specially the right hip joint of experts were more flexed about $12^{\circ}$($43.99{\pm}6.17^{\circ}$ at left side, $31.87{\pm}4.49^{\circ}$ at right side), less abducted about $10^{\circ}$ ($-31.27{\pm}4.49^{\circ}$ at left side, $-41.97{\pm}6.67^{\circ}$ at right side) at impact when they kicked a ball to the left side of goalpost. The difference of amplitude angle in the trunk was significantly shown at upper trunk not lower trunk. The upper trunk was external rotated about $30^{\circ}$ (novice' angle was $-16.3{\pm}17.08^{\circ}$, expert's angle was $-43.73{\pm}12.79^{\circ}$) at impact. Therefore the significant difference of kinematic characteristics could be found at the right hip joint and the upper trunk at penalty kick depending on the direction of kicking.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.14-21
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• 1999

Trapezoid cups and square ones have been deep-drawn to 45mm in depth. Displacements and strains have been analysed by FEM and experiment. Strains and effective strains in the corner flanges of trapezoid cups have been compared with those in square cups. The results have shown that because of shear strains on the corner flange, it is necessary to adopt effective strain for comparing strains, mean vale of effective strains in the corner flange with a corner angle of 72 degrees is narly equal to those with a corner angle of a right angle and mean value of effective strains with a corner angle of 102 degrees is smaller than those with a corner angle of a right angle.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제49권5호
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• pp.284-286
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• 2011

Glossopharyngeal neuralgia is a relatively rare condition characterized by severe, paroxysmal episodes of lancinating pain in the tongue, throat, ear, and tonsil. This disorder is assumed to be due to compression of the glossopharyngeal nerve by vascular structures. A 47-year-old woman complaining of sharp and lancinating pain in the right periauricular and submandibular areas visited our hospital. Swallowing, chewing, and lying on her right side triggered the pain. Her neurologic examination revealed no specific abnormalities. The results of routine hematologic and blood chemistry studies were all within normal limits. Carbamazepine and gabapentin were given, but her symptoms persisted. Her pain was temporarily relieved only by narcotic pain medication. MRI showed an arachnoid cyst located in the right cerebellomedullary cistern extending to the cerebellopontine cistern. Cyst removal was performed via a right retrosigmoid approach. Lateral suboccipital craniotomy was performed using the right park-bench position. After opening the dura and cerebellopontine angle, the arachnoid cyst was exposed. The arachnoid cyst was compressing the flattened lower cranial nerves at the right jugular fossa. Her symptoms resolved postoperatively. Two months after the operation, she was completely free from her previous symptoms.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈A:수학교육
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• 제62권1호
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• pp.79-93
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• 2023

이 연구는 초등학생이 각의 다면성을 어떻게 형성하고 학년이 올라가면서 초등학생의 각 개념은 어떻게 변화하는가를 은유 분석하였다. 초등학교 각 개념 학습 요소인 각, 직각, 예각, 둔각에 대하여, 이 용어를 생각하면 떠오르는 것을 낱말로 표현하고 그 근거를 서술하도록 하였다. 각과 직각은 3학년 1학기에 학습하므로 3~6학년 총 268명의 응답을 분석 대상으로 하였고, 예각과 둔각은 4학년 1학기에 학습하므로, 4~6학년 총 192명의 응답을 분석 대상으로 설정하였다. '은유적 표현'과 그 '근거'를 짝지어 은유적 표현을 정리하고, 기하적 도형이라는 질적 측면, 측정 및 회전량이라는 양적 측면, 점과 선의 구성 요소와의 관계적 측면에서 코드화하였다. 은유적 표현을 범주화한 결과, 질적 측면에서 <사물의 은유>, <인간형의 은유>, <감정의 은유> 범주 등, 양적 측면에서 <움직임의 은유>, <변화의 은유>, <감정의 은유> 범주 등, 관계적 측면에서 <도형 관계의 은유> 범주를 찾았다. 초등학생의 은유적 표현은 모양으로 접근하는 각의 질적 측면에서 가장 많이 나타났고, 학년이 올라가면서 각의 크기 및 벌어진 정도의 양적 측면이나 각의 구성 요소 및 다른 도형과의 관계적 측면이 증가하였다. 직각과 예각은 모양의 접근이 두드러졌고 둔각은 세 가지 접근의 빈도 분포가 유사하였다. 이 연구에서 추출한 초등학생의 은유적 표현은 각 개념 형성을 파악하는 기초 자료로 활용되거나 수업 구성 및 학습 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다. 다면적인 각 개념의 형성을 위하여 차시별 도입 방법만이 아니라 관련 학습 내용 간의 학습 계열의 추가적인 논의가 필요하고, 2022 개정 수학과 교육과정에서 도형과 측정 영역이 하나의 영역으로 변경되면서 각의 다면성과 연계하여 학습 계열 설정의 논의가 더욱 중요한 시기이다.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2003년도 추계학술대회 논문요약집
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• pp.24-24
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• 2003

For the elderly, achieving a close-to-normal ambulation is important for activities of daily life. Recent researches of SE(Silver Engineering) restoring physical ability would help the elderly by developing the advanced gait assisting devices and orthoses. For the applications using the advanced technologies, the gait characteristics of the elderly must be understood. However, a few studies were performed to investigate the physiological or pathological gaits. The purpose of this study is to provide the gait analysis data and also to investigate relationships between alignment of the lower limb, foot progression angle and knee joint moments in the healthy elderly. By participating a total of 20 healthy elderly persons in this study, the following facts were found: 1) Cadence showed 114.8 steps/min, gait speed showed 1.05 m/s, time per a stride showed 1.06 sec, time per a step showed 0.53 sec, single-supporting phase was 0.41 sec, double-supporting phase was 0.24 sec, stride length was 1.04m, Step length was 0.56m; 2) The maximum knee flexion angle through swing phase showed left 46.82$^{\circ}$, right 40.19$^{\circ}$ and the maximum knee extension angle showed left -1.32$^{\circ}$, right 2.01$^{\circ}$. Knee varus showed left 26.90$^{\circ}$, right 30.93$^{\circ}$; 3) The maximum knee flexion moment showed left 0.363 Nm/kg, right 0.464 Nm/kg, The maximum knee extension moment showed left 0.389 Nm/kg, right 0.463 Nm/kg. The maximum knee adduction moment showed left 0.332 Nm/kg, right 0.379 Nm/kg. The maximum internal rotational moment showed left 0.13 Nm/kg, right 0.140 Nm/kg; 4) The subjects who had varus alignment of the lower extremity had statistically higher in knee adduction moment in mid stance phase; and 5) The subjects who had large foot progression angle had statistically lower in knee adduction moment in late stance phase.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.49-54
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• 2020

Objective: The purposes of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic values of abdominal muscles thickness and sterno-costal angle as the quantitative diagnostic indicators for young adults with rounded shoulders. Design: A observational, cross-sectional study. Methods: This study included thirty-three male participants in order to examine the relationship among thoracic kyphosis, sternocostal angle, and abdominal muscle thickness. We used ultrasound imaging to measure the muscle thickness, two gravity-dependent inclinometers to measure the kyphosis angle, and Image J to measure the sterno-costal angle. Results: There was a significant positive correlation between the amount of thoracic kyphosis angle and muscle thickness of the external oblique (EO) on the right side (r=0.931), and on the left side (r=0.432), and the transverse abdominis (TrA) (r=0.649). There was also a significant negative correlation between the thoracic kyphosis angle and the sterno-costal angle at the right side (r=-0.942) and at the left side (r=-0.860). There was a significant positive relationship with muscle thickness of the EO and TrA on the right side with the thoracic kyphosis angle, and was significant negative relationship with the sterno-costal angle on both sides. Conclusions: The results of the study suggest that the thoracic kyphosis angle is related to muscle thickness of the EO and TrA on the dominant side and the sterno-costal angle. We also suggest that future studies are needed to determine how strengthening the abdominal muscles may contribute to preventing excessive thoracic kyphosis in young adults.