• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.37-46
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• 2012

현미, 대두 및 참깨에 대하여 감마선 조사(1, 4, 7 kGy)에 따른 판별특성을 photostimulated luminescence (PSL), thermoluminescence (TL) 및 hydrocarbon 분석에 의해 확인하고, 저장기간에 따른 마커안정성을 관찰하였다. PSL 분석결과, 비조사구에서는 시료 모두 700 이하의 photon counts 값을 나타내었고, 조사된 대두 및 참깨는 5,000 PCs 이상의 값을 나타내어 설정된 negative (700) 및 positive (5,000) 기준에 맞게 비조사구와 조사구의 차이를 쉽게 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 저장기간이 지남에 따라 PSL 값은 감소하였으나, 대두는 6개월, 참깨는 12개월까지도 조사여부 스크리닝이 가능하였다. TL 분석결과, 0.5 kGy 이상으로 조사된 세 시료 모두 $150^{\circ}C$ 전후에서 TL glow curve ($TL_1$)을 나타내었고, 12개월 저장 후에도 발광강도만 감소하였을뿐 glow curve의 온도범위는 거의 변화가 없이 조사여부 확인이 가능하였다. 이상의 glow curve 결과를 검증하기 위하여 TL ratio ($TL_1/TL_2$)를 축정한 결과, 비 조사구는 0.1 이하, 조사구는 0.1 이상을 내타내어 측정값의 신뢰성을 확인하였다. Hydrocarbon 분석에서는 oleic acid와 linoleic acid로부터 유도된 $C_{16:1}$, $C_{16:2}$,$C_{16:3}$, $C_{17:1}$, $C_{17:2}$ 생성이 확인되었으며, 저장기간에 따라 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. 조사선량에 따라 생성된 hydrocarbon류는 0.5 kGy 이상 조사된 모든 시료에서 검출되었고, 저장 1년 후에도 조사여부 판별이 가능하였다.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.127-146
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• 2002

원자력 사고후 시간경과에 따른 작물체내 핵종 농도를 보다 현실적으로 예측할 수 있는 방법을 수립하고 단위 건침적에 대하여 백미와 배추내 $^{90}Sr$ 및 $^{137}Cs$의 50 년간 농도를 예측하였다. 비생육기 사고의 경우 농도는 두 핵종 모두 시간경과에 따라 서서히 감소하였고 50 년 내내 $^{90}Sr$이 $^{137}Cs$보다 높았다. 생육기 사고의 경우 처음 1년간 농도는 비생육기 사고에 비해 대체로 $^{90}Sr$은 최고 30 배, $^{137}Cs$은 최고 1,000 배 정도까지 높았다. 50 년간의 누적농도는 백미에서는 비생육기 사고의 경우 $^{90}Sr$이, 생육기 사고의 경우 $^{137}Cs$이 더 높았으나 배추에서는 어느 경우에나 $^{90}Sr$이 더 높았다. 생육기 사고시 50 년간의 누적농도에 대한 지배적 경로는 대체로 $^{90}Sr$의 경우 뿌리흡수, $^{137}Cs$의 경우 작물체 직접오염이었다. 재부유의 영향은 무시할 수 있을 정도였다. 예측결과에 입각하여 사고 조건별로 대책의 방향을 제시하였다.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.83-93
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• 2008

In order to save labor and cost, direct seeding has been considered as an important alternative to the machine transplanting in rice cultivation. Current direct seeding machines for rice in Korea drill irregularly under various operating conditions. This study was conducted to develope a precision seeder which enables the accurate, even-spaced in row placement of rice seeds at uniform depths of 3-4 cm on dry paddy. Design, construction and performance evaluation of the precision seeder were carried out. The tractor rear-mounted type 8-rows precision seeder which performs seeding in addition to fertilizing, ditching, and rotary tilling works on dry paddy was developed. Main components of the seeder were ditcher and leveller, rotary tiller, powered roller type furrow opener, seeding device, powered roller type furrow covering and firming device, hydraulic unit, seeding speed control system, power transmission system, hitch and frame. Ditching, furrow opening, and seed covering and firming performances were good and seeding depths of 2-4 cm could be maintained. Planting accuracies and planting precisions were within 13.6%, and 31.2%, respectively, for planting space of 15 cm, and seeding velocity of 0.5 m/s. These mean variations of average planting space were within 2.1 cm, and 90% of seeds in a hill were seeded within 4.7 cm of hill length, respectively. Error ratios between setting planting space and measured average planting space were shown within 6.7%. Therefore the seeder showed good planting performance up to seeding velocity of 0.5 m/s in field tests. And field capacity of the seeder was about 0.28 ha/hour.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.179-183
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• 1998

The cyanidin 3-glucoside (C3G) extracted from pigmented rice seeds in 0.5% TFA (Trifluoro acetic acid) -95% ethanol was separated by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). A HPLC system using a Develosil ODS-5 column and 0.1 % TFA-$H_2O$～0.1 % TFA-$CH_3CN$ gradient elution was selected for separation and quantitative determination of C3G. Regression equation obtained for the standard content of C3G pigment was as Y=21.95293$^*$X-14.726771 (r=0.99$^{**}$). Using this method, 326 domestic and introduced collections were evaluated for the C3G content. The Korean bred cultivar 'Heugjinjubyeo', showed highest C3G content (552 mg/100g seed) among the tested cultivars. Among the pigmented rice cultivars ten cultivars were selected for containing a high content of C3G. The content of C3G per 100g seeds was in high order as follows: Heugjinjubyeo (552mg)>Cheng Chang (321mg)>Kilimgeugmi (240mg)>PI160979-2 (224mg)>Hong Shei Lo (221mg)>Heugnambyeo (191 mg)>Mitak =PIl60979-1 (186mg)>Suwon425 (163mg)>Sanghaehyanghyeolla (108mg). The C3G pigment was not detected in the common white rice cultivars.

• Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.249-256
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• 2008

The objective of this work was to evaluate the germination of 12 rice genotypes under propionic acid stress, a phytotoxic compound produced in low drainage soils with high organic matter content. The tests were conducted with the first count of germination (PCG) and germination (G) of the genotypes subjective to 0, 3, 6, and 9 mM propionic acid concentrations. The seeds of each genotype were placed in germitest paper pre-soaked in treatment solutions forming individual bags. The germination was performed at $25^{\circ}C$ and the counts were carried out at 7 (PCG) and 14 days (G). A factorial random block design was performed with four replications of 50 seeds per genotype. Our study revealed that doses up to 9 mM propionic acid in the pre-soaking solution were efficient for genetic variability studies involving the character germination in rice; genetic variability for germination was detected in the collection of rice genotypes when subjected to propionic acid toxic effects. The genotypes Guichow, Dawn, and Toride-1 showed germination stability when subjected to increasing levels of propionic acid, and genotypes originated from irrigated system-cultivation performed better when subjected to propionic acid stress. These three genotypes will be a good biological material to for enhance the resistance to phytotoxic compounds in rice.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.411-417
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• 2006

This experiment was conducted to study whether priming with deep sea water results in enhancement of seed germination and to identify the optimum concentration of the priming solution, and duration of priming using sweet pepper (Cv. California wonder), rice (Cv. Ilpum) and ginseng seed. Sweet pepper and rice seeds were primed with 5 various concentrations (5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 30%) for deep sea water for 48 hours, 24 hours and 12 hours at $25^{\circ}C$ and ginseng seeds in 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% and 30%, and 2,4,6, and 8 electrical conductivity (EC) which were made by desalinating deep sea water. Priming in deep sea water (DSW) improved the early and final germination percentage, mean germinal on rate, emergence percentage and root and shoot length, compared with plain water, $KNO_3$ and without priming treatments. In sweet pepper, 24 hours priming with 5 percentage DSW significantly improved the early germination percentage and radical length. It has also improved the mean germination and emergence days and early emergence percentage, compared with $KNO_3$ and control. Whereas, in rice, 48 hours priming with 10 percent DSW significantly improved the early germination percentage, plumule emergence percentage, root length and shoot height. Hence the best seed priming treatment on sweet pepper and Rice are 24 hours with 5 percentage DSW and 48 hours with 10 percentage DSW, respectively, whereas in ginseng, priming with EC4, EC8 and 25% DSW had shown better germination.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.396-403
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• 1995

Eightly nine common Korean foods were analyzed by the enzymatic-gravimetric method developed by Prosky et al. and adopted by AOAC to determine total dietary fiber(TDF) content. The average TDF content of the foods analyzed was 4.78${\pm}$3.55% for cereal and grain products, 2.56${\pm}$1.65% for potatoes and starches, 1.94${\pm}$0.77% for sugar and sweets, 10.81${\pm}$6.57% for pulse and pulse products, 9.70${\pm}$5.92% for nuts and seeds, 15..38${\pm}$15.76% for seasonings, and 4.98${\pm}$4.35% for beverages. The foods containing the highest TDF values in the food groups were whole grain barley(17.88%) in cereals, yellow soybean(21.05%) in pulses, black sesame(21.34%) in nuts and seeds, and red pepper powder(39.37%) in seasonings except San Cho powder(52.43%). TDF content of rice, the main staple food of Korea, was 2.75% for brown rice and 0.96% for well-milled rice. The TDF value of the foods analyzed ranged from 0.12 to 23.4 times that fo crude fiber reported in the Korean food composition tables. When we consider dietary fiber contents of foods and food consumption patterns together, it is recommended to consume brown rice instead of well-milled rice and increase the consumption of minor cereals and pulses to raise dietary fiber intake.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2022년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.107-107
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• 2022

The increase in atmospheric temperature due to climate change prolongs the period of exposure to high-temperature environments during rice cultivation. In particular, high-temperature during early seed development greatly affects on the productivity and quality of rice. The high temperature at this time not only affects the transport and distribution of assimilates from leaves to seeds and the accumulation of starch in the seeds, but also affects the leaves, which are the production organs of assimilates, and increases the consumption of assimilation products due to an increase in respiration. Therefore, in this study, rice was grown in temperature gradient chambers(TGC) to analyze the effects of high temperature on physiological responses, assimilate production, and changes in gene expression in rice leaves. Analysis of chlorophyll and sugar contents and RNA-seq experiments were performed using flag leaves collected under normal and elevated temperature conditions, respectively, during the early seed development stage, and then these results were comprehensively discussed.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.161-161
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• 2017

Seed endophytes are very remarkable groups of bacteria for their unique abilities of being vertically transmitted and conserved. As plants attain hybrid vigor and heterosis in the process of crossbreeding, this might also lead to the changes in the community structure and diversity of plant endophytes in the hybrid plants ultimately affecting the endophytes of the seeds. It would be interesting to characterize how seed endophyte composition change over time. The objective of this study is to gain insights into the influence of natural crossbreeding and parental lineage in the seed bacterial endophytic communities of two pure inbred lines exploring contributions of the two most important sources of plant endophytes - colonization from external sources and vertical transmission via seeds. Total genomic DNA was isolated from rice seeds and bacterial DNA was selectively amplified by PCR. The diversity of endophytic bacteria was studied through Terminal-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis. Diversity between the original parents and the pure inbred line may show significant differences in terms of richness, evenness and diversity indices. Heat maps reveal astonishing contributions of both or either parents (IR29 ${\times}$ Pokkali and AT401 ${\times}$ IR31868) in the shaping of the bacterial seed endophytes of the hybrid, FL478 and IC32, respectively. Most of the T-RFs of the subsequent pure inbred line could be traced to any or both of the parents. Comparison of common and genotype-specific T-RFs of parents and their offspring reveals that majority of the T-RFs are shared suggesting higher transmission of bacterial communities common to both parents. The parents influence the bacterial community of their offspring. Unique T-RFs of the offspring also suggest external sources of colonization particularly as the seeds are cultivated in different ecogeographical locations. This study showed that host parental lines contributed greatly in the shaping of bacterial seed endophytes of their offspring. It also revealed transmission and potential conservation of core seed bacterial endophytes that generally become the dominant microbiota in the succeeding generations of plant hosts.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제67권3호
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• pp.137-146
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• 2022

벼 종자소독은 키다리병 경감을 위해 필요한 과정으로 소독의 효과를 높이기 위해 30℃의 고온에서 수행하고 있다. 하지만, 벼 종자소독(30℃에서 48시간)을 마친 종자는 유아의 길이가 파종하기에 짧아 적당한 유아의 길이가 될 때까지 추가적인 침종작업이 필요한데, 품종별로 유아의 생장속도가 달라 농민들은 수온을 조절하고 유아의 길이를 확인해야 하는 번거로운 농작업으로 생각하고 있다. 따라서 키다리병 방제효과를 높이면서 종자소독 후 즉시 파종이 가능한 소독방법을 개발하고자 본 연구를 수행하게 되었다. 벼 종자소독 전 찬물에 2일간 종자를 침종하고 고온으로 종자소독(30℃ 48시간) 하면 파종하기 적당한 유아의 길이(1 mm 내외)가 되었고, 관행 대비 성묘율은 차이가 없으면서 키다리병은 64% 감소하는 결과를 보였다. 종자를 찬물에 침종 후에 소독하는 새로운 소독 방법이 키다리병 방제효과가 높은 이유를 구명하기 위해, 메틸렌블루 염색약을 이용하여 침종처리한 종자와 침종처리 하지 않은 종자를 염색한 결과 침종처리한 종자는 내부 및 외부 배유의 약 50%가 염색되었다. 따라서 종자소독 전 침종처리를 하면 소독약이 종자 내부의 배유까지 흡수되므로 내부에 있는 키다리병 포자까지 효과적으로 살균하기 때문으로 판단된다. 결론적으로 새롭게 개발된 소독방법은 종자소독 전 2일간 찬물로 침종처리 하면, 관행 방법 대비 침종작업시 수온을 고려하지 않아도 되고 벼 품종과 소독약 종류에 상관없이 유아의 길이는 1 mm 내외가 되어 농작업의 효율성을 높일 수 있으며 키다리병 발생을 관행대비 감소시킬 수 있어 농업현장에서 유용하게 사용될 것이다.