• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.434-439
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• 2005

In order to prevent the global warming, Korea has had a ratification to the Kyoto Protocol which is specified the air pollution level should be lower the condition of the year 1990 until the year 2012, in hence the traffic system produced mostly the air pollution has been faced to big change. According to the reinforcement of higher level for environmental condition, alternative way to the conventional traffic system is required, so that is fuel cell technology of commercialized R&D program used by hydrogen fuel, and further for the optimized high energy efficiency it has been considered the advanced development of traffic system used the conventional railroad system. But it is moreover expected the huge amount of initial investment, so at the current, next new traffic system is needed. This study is for the improvement of urban traffic system in domestic which should be seriously changed for environmental friendly through the reduction of air pollution by fuel gases of vehicle and human convenience to be easily approached. In hence it is proposed the development of superior high efficiency-'Fuel-cell Rubber-tired Tram' system manufactured by the composite car-body.

• 산업공학
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.658-667
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• 2000

Seasonal variation of natural gas demand coupled with rigid and stable import pattern of gas represents the characteristic feature of the Korean Liquified Natural Gas(LNG) industry. This attribute has required a huge amount of investment for the construction of storage facility. Thus, to minimize the supply cost, it is legitimate to reduce storage requirement itself. In this study, we combine three alternative methods to deal with the storage requirement to minimize the supply cost. Those are (1) adding additional storage tanks, (2) inducing large firm customers, and (3) constructing gas-turbine self generation facilities. Methodologically, we employ the mixed integer program (MIP) to optimize the system. The model also consider demand and price-setting scheme in separate modules. From the results, it is shown that if alternatives are combined optimally, a number of storage tanks can be reduced substantially compared with the original capacity plan set by the industry authorities. We perform various sensitivity analyses to check the robustness of the results. The methodology presented in this study can be applied to the other physical network industry, such as hydraulics. The empirical results will shed some light on the rationalization of capacity planning of the Korean natural gas industry.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2008년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.2051-2057
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• 2008

This paper is a feasibility study on the calculation of operating cost in regards to the overall operation following the completion of a number of LRT lines currently in progress. Owing to the absence of operating experience in driveless LRT system at home, the difficulties lie in the assumption of the optimal operating budget applying domestic real situation. Nevertheless, with 34 years of accumulated operating experience in heavy rail transit system, Seoul Metro, the nation's biggest urban rail transit operator, performs O&M consultancy services for several on-going projects along with every effort to acquire know-how where the appropriateness of the cost estimation as a required deliverable is reviewed and a more efficient way is provided. The main focus of this study is to seek a method to calculate the optimal amount of operating expenses as well as a cost-effective alternative for possible weaknesses from the standpoint of the operator. The body of this paper discusses the five issues such as personnel cost, overhead, maintenance cost, additional purchase price, alternative investment fee from a more macroscopic point of view, and the conclusion deals with the adequacy of the reason for selection of institutions with various operating know-how.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 2th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.509-519
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• 2007

Private financing is playing an increasing role in public infrastructure construction projects worldwide. However, private investors/operators are exposed to the financial risk of low profitability due to the inaccurate estimation of facility demand, operation income, maintenance costs, etc. From the operator's perspective, a sound and thorough financial feasibility study is required to establish the appropriate capital structure of a project. Operators tend to reduce the equity amount to minimize the level of risk exposure, while creditors persist to raise it, in an attempt to secure a sufficient level of financial involvement from the operators. Therefore, it is important for creditors and operators to reach an agreement for a balanced capital structure that synthetically considers both profitability and repayment capacity. This paper presents an optimal capital structure model for successful private infrastructure investment. This model finds the optimized point where the profitability is balanced with the repayment capacity, with the use of the concept of utility function and multi-objective GA (Generic Algorithm)-based optimization. A case study is presented to show the validity of the model and its verification. The research conclusions provide a proper capital structure for privately-financed infrastructure projects through a proposed multi-objective model.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.235-248
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 우리나라 생태숲조성 기본계획 수립의 실태를 파악하고, 문제점 및 개선방향을 제시 하였다. 우리나라 생태숲조성 계획의 제한요소로는 입지여건, 지형적 측면, 기존식생 등의 문제가 높은 빈도로 나타났다. 토지이용현황은 사유지의 평균 비율이 29.7% 이었으나 실질적인 사업비의 투자는 되지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 도입빈도가 높은 시설은 기반시설, 건축시설, 휴게시설, 편익시설, 안내시설 등 이었으며, 도입빈도가 낮은 시설은 식물재배시설, 생태시설, 상징시설 등으로 나타났다. 식물 종 보유현황은 500종류 이상을 보유한 곳이 1개소이었고, 산림청이 제시한 생태숲조성 기준의 식물종다양성 기준 이하는 11개소 이었다. 사업비는 시설투자비가 식재비보다 매우 높았으며, 후기투자사업비 보다 초기투자사업비 월등히 많았고, 조성 이후의 유지관리에 대한 예산 계획 수립이 거의 없었다. 산림청이 제시한 생태숲조성의 기본 개념은 충실하게 계획 하고 있었으나 세부적인 도입 계획에서는 이용자 중심 위주로 계획 되어져 생태숲조성 기본 취지에 어긋나고 있었다. 이러한 현상은 생태숲조성을 주관하는 지방자치단체가 사업추진을 위한 과정에서는 산림청이 제시한 내용을 제안하고, 사업이 확정된 이후에는 산림청이 제시한 내용을 대부분 무시하여 전시효과를 위한 생태숲조성 방식으로 변화하기 때문이다. 산림청에서 제시하는 생태숲조성을 위해서는 산림청의 감독이 강화되어야 하고, 지방 자치 단체장, 감독부서, 계획 및 설계자 등 담당자들이 생태숲에 대한 명확한 개념 정립을 하여야 할 것이다.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.471-483
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• 2014

Since 2009 of global financial crisis, shipbuilding industry has undergone hard times seriously. After such a long depression, the latest global shipping market index shows that the economic recovery of global shipbuilding market is underway. Especially, nations with enormous resources are going to increase their productivity or expanding their shipyards to accommodate a large amount of orders expected in the near future. However, few commercial projects have been carried out for the practical shipyard layout designs even though those can be good commercial opportunities for shipbuilding engineers. Shipbuilding starts with a shipyard construction with a large scale investment initially. Shipyard design and the equipment layout problem, which is directly linked to the productivity of ship production, is an important issue in the production planning of mass production of ships. In many cases, shipbuilding yard design has relied on the experience of the internal engineer, resulting in sporadic and poorly organized processes. Consequently, economic losses and the trial and error involved in such a design process are inevitable problems. The starting point of shipyard construction is to design a shipyard layout. Four kinds of engineering parts required for the shipyard layout design and construction. Those are civil engineering, building engineering, utility engineering and production layout engineering. Among these parts, production layout engineering is most important because its result is used as a foundation of the other engineering parts, and also, determines the shipyard capacity in the shipyard lifecycle. In this paper, the background of shipbuilding industry is explained in terms of engineering works for the recognition of the macro trend. Nextly, preliminary design methods and related case study is introduced briefly by referencing the previous research. Lastly, the designed work of layout design is validated using the computer simulation technology.

• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.91-97
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• 2010

현재 건물 부력에 대한 보호조치로 경제성 및 효율성 측면을 고려하여 영구배수 공법의 사용이 증가하고 있다. 영구배수공법은 건축물에 접하는 지하수를 외부로 배수시켜 건축물에 작용하는 부력을 근본적으로 제거하는 공법으로, 영구배수공법 사용시 유출지하수가 발생하게 된다. 또한 우리나라는 국제인구행동연구소(PAI)에서 지정한 물 부족 국가로 지정되어 유출지하수의 활용이 요구되고 있지만 이에 대한 평가프로세스가 아직 충분하지 않다. 따라서 본 연구는 현장 적용 사례를 통해 현장 단위에서 유출되는 지하수의 활용여부를 결정할 수 있는 평가 프로세스를 구축하고 경제성을 분석하였다. 그 결과 상수도와 비교한 10년간 상수절감 비용을 통해 유출지하수의 활용이 가능한 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 2006년도 International Symposium on GPS/GNSS Vol.1
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• pp.211-216
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• 2006

Within the frame of the MERCOSUR (South Common Market), one of the most important goals to achieve by its member states is a better cost effective international cargo transportation system. For this purpose the project of developing a commercial waterway linking the east region of Uruguay with the south of Brazil has been under study for a number of years now. Because of the high costs involved on the development of such waterway, the project has been indefinitely delayed. It is our intention to show an alternative way to reduce the present obstacles by using a budget oriented approach in order to determine the vessel best suited to use on the proposed waterway. So far, every study related to the project has been focused on the amount of work needed to modify the environment in order to accommodate the hardware already available in the region. The conclusions show that the cost of opening and maintaining the required navigation channel is high enough to discourage investment; the added responsibility to take care of any environmental damage incurred during the building and/or operation of the waterway makes searching for a less costly and hazardous option an interesting challenge. The proposed terminal on the Cebollat? River would be located at the heart of the Uruguayan rice growing region. Uruguay exports 90% of its rice production, being Brazil its biggest buyer. Wood chips and clinker are the other types of cargo considered to use the proposed waterway in route to either Brazil or to overseas destinations through the deep water port of Rio Grande. Through the analysis of local data by a Geographical Information System, international regulations regarding inland waterways and shallow draught vessel characteristics, we seek to propose a cost efficient alternative to apply on this particular scenario.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.174-186
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• 2019

본 연구는 고령인력 증가가 다른 영역보다 빨리 진행되며, 인적자원관리가 쉽지 않은 공기업 임금피크 근로자의 인구 경제 조직적 특성과 임금피크제 및 퇴직 간 관계에 대해 살펴보고자 하였다. 연구대상은 임금피크제 실시 공기업 19개사에 종사하는 임금피크 근로자 211명이었다. 연구결과에 따르면 인구 경제적 특성에 있어서, 교육수준, 가계총수입, 퇴직 후 생활비, 퇴직대비저축과 투자금액은 임금피크만족도, 임금피크수용도, 퇴직준비와 퇴직태도에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 조직적 특성에서는 직급과 직군, 근무기간과 정년퇴직잔여기간, 퇴직준비프로그램 참여 그리고 임금피크 적용 여부에 따라 각각 차이가 나타났다. 연구 결과를 바탕으로 고령사회를 위한 실효성 있는 임금피크제 시행을 위해서는 복지지원, 교육훈련, 전직지원과 같은 고령친화인사제도의 직군, 직급, 경제수준 및 교육수준 별 시행의 필요성을 시사함과 동시에 후속 연구를 위한 제언을 논의하였다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.88-101
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• 1993

This study is aimed at evaluating the present management status of the rural special production area development projects and identifying managerial problems to propose new direction of the political countermeasures for the projects. In the con text of implementing the five year's economic developent plans for the past three decades, agricultural production and farm-household income have also been grown rapidly. However the income gap between rural and urbarn laborer, as an internal problem, has widened during the decades and the UR problems concerning free trade of agricultural products, as an external problems, are now agonizing the small-holder farm economy in Korea. The internal and external farm problems could be solved through improvement of agricultural structure and provision of off-farm jobs for farm household income increase. As a part of the off-farm income sources, the rural special production area development projects have propelled by the government throughout the country. The main problems to be solved for the successful implementation of the projects are as follows : 1. Present loan amount by the financial fund was estimated at 6-7% of the total installation costs required. To expand and implement the project successfully, enough financial credit support with favorable terms and conditions have to be considered by the government. 2. The operation patterns of the special production area development project should be recommended from the view point of cooperative and private operation to maximize farm household incomes including profits, marketing charges and dividens. 3. Improvement of the marketing channel of the products and marketing information through TV program and other mass communication should be implemented strongly to promote marketsales by the financial supports of the government. 4. In connection with the off-farm income increase, the population migrating to urban area in outside Chungnam province equivalent to 10-12 thousand persons with age of 20-49 years should be taken into account politically to be employed in the projects in the province. 5. Surplus farm labors should be created by means of improvement of agricultural structure including large farm management with farm mechanization and job opportunities have also to be provided in connection with the rural special production area development projects. The two imminent subjects are the prerequisites to increase off-farm incomes for the farmers living in Chungnam province. 6. Required credit supports for investment and operation costs of the projects should be taken actions by the government.