• The Pure and Applied Mathematics
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.357-375
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• 2023

In this paper, we introduce the concept of bipolar soft supra topological space and provide a characterization of the related concepts of bipolar soft supra closure and bipolar soft supra interior. We also establish a connection between bipolar soft supra topology and bipolar soft topology. Additionally, we present the concept of bipolar soft supra continuous mapping and examine the concept of bipolar soft supra compact topological space. A related result concerning the image of the bipolar soft supra compact space is proved. Finally, we identify the concepts of disconnected (connected) and strongly disconnected (strongly connected) space and derive several results linking them together. Relationships among these concepts are clarified with the aid of examples.

• Honam Mathematical Journal
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.209-218
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• 2004

On the analogy of total countable compactness, we study interesting subfamilies in the class of pseudocompact spaces. We show relationships between totally pseudocompact spaces, sequentially pseudocompact spaces, and DFCC spaces. We also prove relationships among densely ${\xi}$-pseudocompact, ${\xi}$-pseudocompact, and countably pracompact spaces. As a productive result on countably pracompact spaces, we will prove that if X is a countably pracompact space and Y is a countably pracompact ${\kappa}$-space, then $X{\times}Y$ is count ably pracompact.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.28 no.1_2
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• pp.99-107
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• 2010

This paper is a study about the relationships among topologies and intuitionistic fuzzy topology induced, respectively, by approximation operators and an intuitionistic fuzzy approximation operator associated with an approximation space (X, R), when the relation R on X is precisely reflexive and transitive. In particular, we consider an intuitionistic fuzzy approximation operator on an approximation space X (i.e., a set X with a reflexive and transitive relation on it), which turns out to be an intuitionistic fuzzy closure operator. This intuitionistic fuzzy closure operator gives rise to two saturated fuzzy topologies on X and it turns out that all the level topologies of one of the fuzzy topology coincide and equal to the topology analogously induced on X by a crisp approximation operator. These observations are then applied to intuitionistic fuzzy automata.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.127-137
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• 2004

Since 20th century, the exhibition has expanded to more diverse fields and recognized as the medium which can build network among the Art, Human and society. Space design, although developed within mutual interaction and consideration of environment factors, has been treated without those background. Therefore it is straightforward to examine the exhibition space design synthetically not limit it by the analytical elements. Assuming three main mutual interactions, object human, and environment, we have attempt the typological analysis to the museum exhibition space by studying characteristics. While the exhibition space design has been analyzed through two dimensional interpretation, on this study, we structuralize diverse discussion of the exhibition space design by relation-centered and relative analysis. Therefor we examine the characteristic of design expression through typology of both physical and behavioral feature. In the conclusion, the outcome provides insights into the relationships among object, human and environment and useful measurements to designer who outline exhibition space design.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• 2000.08a
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• pp.5-8
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• 2000

This paper introduced a scheme for finding an optimal association matrix that represents the relationships between the measurements and tracks in multi-target tracking of Radar system. We considered the relationships between targets and measurements as MRF and assumed a priori of the associations as a Gibbs distribution. Based on these assumptions, it was possible to reduce the MAP estimate of the association matrix to the energy minimization problem. After then, we defined an energy function over the measurement space, that may incorporate most of the important natural constraints.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.84-89
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• 2006

Objective : The purpose of this study is to compare the outcomes of two methods for stabilization and fusion : Postero-Lateral Fusion [PLF, pedicle screw fixation with bone graft] and Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion [PLIF, cage insertion] for spinal stenosis and recurred disc herniation except degenerative spondylolisthesis. Methods : Seventy one patients who underwent PLF [n=36] or PLIF [n=35] between 1997 and 2001 were evaluated prospectively. These two groups were compared for the change of interbody space, the range of segmental angle, the angle of lumbar motion, and clinical outcomes by Prolo scale. Results : The mean follow-up period was 32.6 months. The PLIF group showed statistically significant increase of the interbody space after surgery. However, the difference in the change of interbody space between two groups was insignificant [P value=0.05]. The range of segmental angle was better in the PLIF group, but the difference in the change of segmental angle was not statistically significant [P value=0.0l7]. Angle of lumbar motion was similar in the two groups. Changes of Prolo economic scale were not statistically significant [P value=0.193]. The PLIF group showed statistically significant improvement in Prolo functional scale [P value=0.003]. In Prolo economic and functional scale, there were statistically significant relationships between follow-up duration [P value<0.001]. change of interbody space [P value<0.001], and range of segmental angle [P value<0.001]. Conclusion : Results of this study indicate that PLIF is superior to PLF in interbody space augmentation and clinical outcomes by Prolo functional scale. Analysis of clinical outcomes showed significant relationships among various factors [fusion type, follow-up duration, change of interbody space, and range of segmental angle]. Therefore, the authors recommend instrumented PLIF to offer better clinical outcomes in patients who needed instrumented lumbar fusion for spinal stenosis and recurred disc herniation.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 1998.10a
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• pp.1259-1262
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• 1998

This paper introduced a scheme for finding the relationships between the measurements and tracks in multi-target tracking (MTT). We considered the relationships between targets and measurements as MRF and assumed a priori as a Gibbs distribution. An energy function is defined over the measurement space, as accurately as possible so that it may incorporate most of the important natural constraints. To find the minimizer of the energy function, we derived a new equation of closed form.

• Honam Mathematical Journal
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.233-245
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• 2017

In the present paper we introduce and investigate an interesting subclass ${\mathcal{K}}^{(k)}_s({\gamma},p) $ of analytic and p-valently close-to-convex functions in the open unit disk ${\mathbb{U}}$. For functions belonging to this class, we derive several properties as the inclusion relationships and distortion theorems. The various results presented here would generalize many known recent results.

• The Pure and Applied Mathematics
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.369-382
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• 2009

In this paper we establish various relationships among the generalized integral transform, the generalized convolution product and the first variation for functionals in a Banach algebra S($L_{a,b}^2$[0, T]) introduced by Chang and Skoug in [14]. We then derive an inverse integral transform and obtain several relationships involving inverse integral transforms.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.202-205
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• 2006

Space design is a process of solving spatial problems to create and construct all kinds of human lives. It also bestows new values to a medium to induce human perception based on the relationships between 'human and space' surrounding people. Research on user behavior has several ultimate goals including understanding both individual behavior and the relations between the user and space from a more scientific and systematic perspective, predicting various phenomena that can happen between space and humans, and reflecting the results in space design. As user behavior that's once limited within given space is going through some changes due to the introduction of digital technologies, research on user behavior in today's space design should be newly illuminated in the aspects of organic relations. Space now works as a receptor communicating with the user and responding to user behavior, and user behavior once under one-sided influences from space becomes more diverse and active. The influences of user behavior, in turn, cause changes to space itself. Thus this study set out to suggest new directions in research on user behavior based on interactions between space and the user in space design.