• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.14-26
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• 2022

Recently, according to the severity of air pollution, interest in air pollution is increasing. The IoT based fine dust monitoring system proposed in this paper allows the measurement and monitoring of fine dust, volatile organic compounds, carbon dioxide, etc., which are the biggest causes affecting the human body among air environmental pollution. The proposed system consisted of a device that measures atmospheric environment information, a server system for storing and analyzing measured information, an integrated monitoring management system for administrators and smart phone applications for users to enable visualization analysis of atmospheric environment information in real time. In addition, the effectiveness of the proposed fine dust monitoring system based on the Internet of Things was verified by using the response speed of the system, the transmission speed of the sensor data, and the measurement error of the sensor. The fine dust monitoring system based on the Internet of Things proposed in this paper is expected to increase user convenience and efficiency of the system by visualizing the air pollution condition after measuring the air environment information with portable fine dust measuring device.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.369-390
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• 2023

Technologies for disaster management are highly sought areas for research and commercial deployment. Landslides, Flood, cyclones, earthquakes, forest fires and road/train accidents are some causes of disasters. Capturing video and accessing data in real time from the disaster site can help first responders make split second decisions which may save human lives and valuable resource destructions. In this context the communication technologies performing the task should have high bandwidth and low latency which only 5G can deliver. But unfortunately in India, deployment of the 5G mobile communication systems is yet to give a shape and again in remote areas unavailability of 4G signals is still severe. In this situation the authors have proposed, simulated and experimented a 4G-5G communication scheme where from the disaster site the signals will be transmitted by a 5G terminal to a nearby 4G-5G gateway installed in a mobile vehicle. The received 5G signal will be further relayed by the 4G-5G gateway to the fixed 4G base station for onward transmission towards the disaster management station for decision making, deployment and relief monitoring. The 4G-5G gateway acts as a relay and converter of 5G signal to 4G signal and vice versa. This relayed system can be further mounted on a vehicle mounted relay (VMR) as proposed by 3GPP in Release 18. The scheme is also in the same line of context with Verizon's, "Tactical Humanitarian Operations Response" (THOR) vehicle concept. The performance of the link is studied in different channel conditions, the throughput achieved is superb. The authors have implemented the above mentioned system towards smart campus networking and monitoring landslides activities which are common in their regions.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.113-120
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• 2023

Smart farms are steadily increasing in research to minimize labor, energy, and quantity put into crops as IoT technology and artificial intelligence technology are combined. However, research on efficiently managing crop growth information in smart farms has been insufficient to date. In this paper, we propose a management technique that can efficiently monitor crop growth information by applying autonomous sensors to smart farms. The proposed technique focuses on collecting crop growth information through autonomous sensors and then recycling the growth information to crop cultivation. In particular, the proposed technique allocates crop growth information to one slot and then weights each crop to perform load balancing, minimizing interference between crop growth information. In addition, when processing crop growth information in four stages (sensing detection stage, sensing transmission stage, application processing stage, data management stage, etc.), the proposed technique computerizes important crop management points in real time, so an immediate warning system works outside of the management criteria. As a result of the performance evaluation, the accuracy of the autonomous sensor was improved by 22.9% on average compared to the existing technique, and the efficiency was improved by 16.4% on average compared to the existing technique.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.47 no.10
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• pp.17-26
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• 2010

This is concerned with the technology to monitor the vehicle operation, failure and disorder by using WiBro portable device. More precisely, the technology makes it possible that the information collection device is connected to both ECU(Electronic Control Unit) which is the device for controlling engine, transmission, brake, air-bag, etc that are connected to in-vehicle network and OBD-II connector that is for data collection from various sensors. In addition, with a WiBro portable device (cell phone, PDA, PMP, UMPC, etc). equipped with a vehicle diagnostic programs, information for operation, failure and malfunction can be obtained and analyzed in real-time, and alarm is alerted when the vehicle is in abnormal status, which makes the early reactions to the status. Furthermore, the collected data can be sent through WiBro network to the server managed by the company specialized in managing the vehicles, thus the technology could help the drivers who have less knowledge about their auto-vehicles have safe and economic driving. There is always a possibility of malfunction due to various types of noise that are caused by wring-harness when the device is wired-connected. In this research, in order to overcome this problem, we propose a system configuration that can do monitoring and diagnosis with a device for collecting data from vehicle and a personal WiBro device. Also, we performed research on data acquisition and interlock for the system defined by the definition for information and data sharing platform.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics S
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• v.35S no.8
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• pp.1-11
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• 1998

One of the desired features for the realizations of high quality Information and Telecommunication services in future is "the Sensation of Reality". This will be achieved only with the visual communication based on the 3- dimensional (3-D) moving images. The main difficulties in realizing 3-D moving image communication are that there is no developed data transmission technology for the hugh amount of data involved in 3-D images and no established technologies for 3-D image recording and displaying in real time. The currently known stereoscopic imaging technologies can only present depth, no moving parallax, so they are not effective in creating the sensation of the reality without taking eye glasses. The more effective 3-D imaging technologies for achieving the sensation of reality are those based on the multiview 3-D images which provides the object image changes as the eyes move to different directions. In this paper, a multiview 3-D imaging system composed of 8 CCD cameras in a case, a RGB(Red, Green, Blue) beam projector, and a holographic screen is introduced. In this system, the 8 view images are recorded by the 8 CCD cameras and the images are transmitted to the beam projector in sequence by a signal converter. This signal converter converts each camera signal into 3 different color signals, i.e., RGB signals, combines each color signal from the 8 cameras into a serial signal train by multiplexing and drives the corresponding color channel of the beam projector to 480Hz frame rate. The beam projector projects images to the holographic screen through a LCD shutter. The LCD shutter consists of 8 LCD strips. The image of each LCD strip, created by the holographic screen, forms as sub-viewing zone. Since the ON period and sequence of the LCD strips are synchronized with those of the camera image sampling adn the beam projector image projection, the multiview 3-D moving images are viewed at the viewing zone.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.150-158
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• 2014

Radiation-related practitioners and radiation-treated patients at medical institutions are inevitably exposed to radiation for diagnosis and treatment. Although standards for maximum doses are recommended by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICPR) and the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), more direct and available measurement and analytical methods are necessary for optimal exposure management for potential exposure subjects such as practitioners and patients. Thus, in this study we developed a system for real-time radiation monitoring at a distance that works with existing portable device. The monitoring system comprises three parts for detection, imaging, and transmission. For miniaturization of the detection part, a scintillation detector was designed based on a silicon photomultiplier (SiPM). The imaging part uses a wireless charge-coupled device (CCD) camera module along with the detection part to transmit a radiation image and measured data through the transmission part using a Bluetooth-enabled portable device. To evaluate the performance of the developed system, diagnostic X-ray generators and sources of $^{137}Cs$, $^{22}Na$, $^{60}Co$, $^{204}Tl$, and $^{90}Sr$ were used. We checked the results for reactivity to gamma, beta, and X-ray radiation and determined that the error range in the response linearity is less than 3% with regard to radiation strength and in the detection accuracy evaluation with regard to measured distance using MCNPX Code. We hope that the results of this study will contribute to cost savings for radiation detection system configuration and to individual exposure management.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.17C no.2
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• pp.197-204
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• 2010

An effective integration of web-based learning environment and mobile device technology is considered as a new challenge to the developers. The screen size, however, of the mobile device is too small, and its performance is too inferior. Due to the foregoing limit of mobile technology, displaying bulk data on the mobile screen, such as a cyber lecture accompanied with real-time image transmission on the web, raises a lot of problems. Users have difficulty in recognizing learning contents exactly by means of a mobile device, and continuous transmission of video stream with bulky information to the mobile device arouses a lot of load for the mobile system. Thus, an application which is developed to be applied in PC is improper to be used for the mobile device as it is, a player which is fitting for the mobile device should be developed. Accordingly, this paper suggests mobile presentation using transcoding techniques of the field concerned. To display continuous video frames of learning image, such as a cyber lecture or remote lecture, by means of a mobile device, the performance difference between high-resolution digital image and mobile device should be surmounted. As the transcoding techniques to settle the performance difference causes damage of image quality, high-quality image may be guaranteed by application of trial and error between transcoding and selected learning resources.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.27-34
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• 2024

The direct and indirect damages caused by fires in underground utility tunnels have a great impact on society as a whole, so efforts are needed to prevent and manage them in advance. To this end, research is ongoing to prevent disasters such as fire flooding by applying digital twin technology to underground utility tunnels. A network is required to transmit the sensed signals from each sensor to the platform. In essence, it is necessary to analyze the application of wireless networks in the underground utility tunnel environments because the tunnel lacks the reception range of external wireless communication systems. Within the underground utility tunnels, electromagnetic interference caused by transmission and distribution cables, and diffuse reflection of signals from internal structures, obstacles, and metallic pipes such as water pipes can cause distortion or size reduction of wireless signals. To ensure real-time connectivity for remote surveillance and monitoring tasks through sensing, it is necessary to measure and analyze the wireless coverage in underground utility tunnels. Therefore, in order to build a wireless network environment in the underground utility tunnels. this study minimized the shaded area and measured the actual cavity environment so that there is no problem in connecting to the wireless environment inside the underground utility tunnels. We analyzed the data transmission rate, signal strength, and signal-to-noise ratio for each section of the terrain of the underground utility tunnels. The obtained results provide an appropriate wireless planning approach for installing wireless networks in underground utility tunnels.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.50 no.11
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• pp.3-11
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• 2013

In smart healthcare service, the accurate and prompt emergency detection and notification are very critical to patients' lives. Since these detection and notification of emergency situation are usually performed by the medical staffs, it is difficult to simultaneously support many patients in real-time. This article presents a methodology for emergency bio-data transmission for smart healthcare using personalized emergency policy. It consists of three steps: In step 1, the bio-data is collected by wireless body area network. In step 2, the decision on emergency is made using personalized emergency policy. In step 3, the emergency message including the health condition information is converted between IEEE 11073 PHD message and HL7 CDA. By doing this, the emergency status of the individual bio-data collected from wireless body area network is detected automatically using personalized emergency policy. When the emergency is detected, the quick emergency rescue service can be provided to the patient by delivering to the emergency notification and the emergency bio-data. We have verified the service and functions of the proposed system architecture by realizing it.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.172-178
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• 2022

In this paper, water meter AMR(automatic meter reading), one of the core technologies of smart water grid, using LoRa IoT network is studied. The main content of the research is to develop the network system and show the test results that one PC server receives the readings of water meters from multiple households through LoRa communication and stores them in the database, and at the same time sends the data to the web server database through internet. The system also allows users to monitor the meter readings using their smartphones. The hardware and firmware of the main board of the digital water meter are developed. For a PC server program, MDMS(meter data management system) is developed using Visual C#. The app program running on the user's smartphone is also developed using Android Studio. By connecting each developed parts, the total network system is mounted on a flow test bench in the laboratory and tested. For the fields test, 5 places around the university are selected and the transmission distances are tested. The test result show that the developed system can be applied into the real field. The developed system can be expanded to various social safety nets such as monitoring the living alone or elderly with dementia.