• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.549-557
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• 2019

Staphylococcal enterotoxin is a very common cause of food poisoning. Conventional detection methods for the toxin including enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), chemiluminescence (ECL), and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays require a lot of time, efforts, and expert technicians. Lateral flow strip kits have shown great potential for the rapid detection of foodborne pathogens. The lateral flow strip kit is widely used in clinical settings because it is easy to use, fast, and cost effective. A typical lateral flow strip kit uses colloidal gold to generate a visual signal. However, the lateral flow strip kit based on colloidal gold has limited sensitivity to fulfill food safety regulation requirements. This study was performed to develop a rapid test kit for pathogenic staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) in food samples. The rapid detection kit was fabricated based on a nitrocellulose lateral-flow strip. Cellulose nano beads and SEB antibodies were used as the tag and receptor, respectively, to improve the detection performance. Manually spotted SEB antibody and anti-rabbit antibody on the surface of the nitrocellulose membrane were used as test and control spots, respectively. The feasibility of the rapid test kit to detect SEB in samples was evaluated. The sensitivity of the kit was 10 ng/mL SEB spiked in PBS. Additionally, the rapid test kit could detect 1 ng/mL of SEB in chicken meat extract.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.76-82
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• 2009

It would be one of the most important tests that determination of semen in crime scene as a matter of significant evidences. Recently, it has been developed for the identification of semen in forensic specimens which was used simply, easily and reproductively. In this study, Prostate-Specific-Antigen (PSA) Rapid Test kit was evaluated for the forensic identification of semen and compared with one step semen inspection forensic rapid test kit. The sensitivity and specificity of the rapid PSA kit were examined in addition to the stability of PSA. The positive band of rapid PSA kit shown even with 1,000,000-fold diluted semen, which was at least 100 timed higher than qualitative one step semen inspection forensic rapid test kit. PSA was detected in urine from normal male adult, however, it was not detected in urine from young boys and female body fluids. It was shown that PSA was very stable to resist boiling for 20 minutes and the effect of bacteria. In crime scene investigation, rapid PSA kit is expected to help to identify semen easily in the evidences.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.140-146
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• 2011

This study was performed to develop a rapid test kit for pathogenic Salmonella in various samples. The rapid detection kit has been fabricated based on nitrocellulose lateral-flow strip. Colloidal gold and biotin conjugated Salmonella antibodies were used as a tag and a receptor, respectively. Manually spotted Salmonella antibody and Neutravidin on nitrocellulose membrane were used as test and control lines, respectively. Feasibility of the rapid kit to detect Salmonella typhimurium in samples were evaluated. The intensity of the color of the test line started to increase with the samples in which higher concentration of the cells were contained. The sensitivity of the sensor was $10^6$ cfu/mL Salmonella spiked in PBS. Also, the rapid test kit could detect $10^6$ cfu/mL of Salmonella in chicken meat extract.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.139-146
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• 2013

This study was performed to develop a rapid test kit for pathogenic Staphylococcus in various samples. The rapid detection kit has been fabricated based on nitrocellulose lateral-flow strip. Colloidal gold and Staphylococcus antibodies were used as a tag and a receptor, respectively. Manually spotted Staphylococcus antibody and anti-mouse antibody on the surface of nitrocellulose membrane were used as test and control lines, respectively. Feasibility of the rapid kit to detect Staphylococcus aureus in samples were evaluated. The intensity of the color of the test line started to increase with the samples in which higher concentration of the cells were contained. The sensitivity of the sensor was $10^6$ cfu/mL Staphylococcus spiked in PBS. Also, the rapid test kit could detect $10^5$ cfu/mL of Staphylococcus in chicken meat extract.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• v.5 no.5
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• pp.362-365
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• 2000

A rapid immunochromatographic assay kit using whole blood to screen hepatitis B surface antigen was developed and evaluated by using sera from 240 patients. The reference diagnosis was based on the results obtained with GENEDIA Anti-HBs Rapid kit which is very similar to the above kit except for the use of serum. The test demonstrated a good correlation with the reference immunochromatographic assay kit, that is, the sensitivity and the specificity of the kit was 100%, respectively. The rapid test kit using whole blood should be more convenient and useful for the diagnosis of hepatitis B virus because the kit does not need machines and time to prepare serum. In addition, this kit is safe from inadvertent infection during sample treatment because the blood is sterilized with hydrogen peroxide, eliminates the procedure required to prepare serum and reduces the possibility of exposure to infectious agents.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.121-128
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• 2013

Purpose: Porcine proliferative enteropathy (PPE), caused by the obligate intracellular bacterium Lawsonia intracellularis, is a widely distributed disease throughout the world causing substantial economic loss. In order to diagnose PPE rapidly, the rapid kit was developed and tested. Methods: In this study, a rapid kit was developed to screen the PPE rapidly at the pig farm. Also, occult blood test with fecal occult blood (FOB) kit was done for detecting the blood in pig feces which might be the evident of hemorrhagic PPE. For developing the kit, we tested fecal samples of PPE infected pigs diagnosed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. Results: With the developed rapid kit, Lawsonia intracellularis was detected in high density emulsion of ileum. On the other hand, the test result of detecting Lawsonia in feces showed too high non-specific response. In addition, nevertheless the FOB test result showed that blood evident could be founded in pig feces, the diagnosing result was not fit to PCR test result, which shows blood in pig feces could be from not only hemorrhagic PPE but also many reasons. Conclusions: To deal with the PPE effectively, it will be better for farmers to screen the PPE in earlier stage with easy and rapid diagnosing tool on farm. This study found out that the rapid kit could detect the Lawsonia intracellularis and hemoglobin in pig feces. However, the non-specific response to negative samples of PPE was too high to use at a pig farm. Further research is needed for lowering the non-specific response with the rapid kit.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.86-91
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• 2010

We evaluated the performance of a novel screening test, PBP2a MRSA rapid kit (Dinona Inc., Iksan, Korea), for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) based on a immunochromatographic assay. The test is able to detect penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a) using the nasal specimens from health care workers. The nasal specimens were obtained from 69 healthcare workers and were incubated in enrichment broth followed eight hours incubatin in BHI with cefoxitin $4{\mu}g/mL$. These broth were tested by PBP2a Rapid Kit. The enrichment broths were also directly tested for tube coagulase using the conventional identification method. 19 of 22 MRSA showed positive results by PBP2a rapid test and direct coagulase test (the sensitivity for detection of MRSA, 86.36%). While, 8 of 47 non-MRSA showed false positive results for the two tests. All of the 8 non-MRSA which showed false positive were co-colonizing isolates with MRCNS and MSSA. In addition, 46 of 49 methicillin-resistant staphylococci (MRS) showed positive results for PBP2a MRSA rapid kit (the sensitivity for detection of MRS, 93.8%), and all of 20 non-MRS showed negative results (specificity, 100%). The combination of PBP2a MRSA rapid kit and direct coagulase test showed the good sensitivity for detection of MRSA from anterior nares but frequently showed false positive results from the co-colonizing carrier with MRCNS and MSSA.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.97-104
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• 2019

To examine different types of influenza diagnostic test kits automatically, automated rapid influenza diagnostic test method based on image recognition is proposed in this paper. First, the proposed methods classify a variety of the rapid influenza diagnostic test kit based on support vector machine that analyzes the kits' feature point. Then, to improve the accuracy of test, the proposed methods match the histogram of both the target image of influenza kit and the input image of influenza kit for minimizing the effect of environment factors, such as lighting and exposure variations. And, to minimize the effect from composition of the hand-helds devices, the proposed methods extract the feature point and match point-by-point between target image of influenza kit and input image of influenza kit. Experimental results of 124 experimental group show that the proposed methods significantly have effectiveness, which shows 90% accuracy in moderate antigen, for the preliminary examination of influenza, and provides the opportunity for taking action against influenza.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.1-5
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• 2011

The infection rate of syphilis is still increasing in the world especially in developing countries and the infection is often seen in large amounts of clinical specimens. For the diagnosis of this disease, Rapid Plasma Reagin (RPR)/Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) has still been used as one of major primary methods to diagnose syphilis even though the test readings are somewhat subjective with high false positive rates. Recently, the automatic ARCHITECT Syphilis TP, which is based on the detection of the TP-specific antibodies, has been introduced in many laboratories. Therefore, the clinical assessment of the method is needed to provide primary diagnosis of syphilis at the moment. We evaluated 3 different manual rapid kits and ARCHITECT Syphilis TP comparing with RPR/FTA-ABS and analysed their diagnostic properties. From February 2006 to April 2008, 203 positive and 250 negative specimens, obtained from Chungbuk National University Hospital were used for the evaluation. In the evaluation between manual rapid kits, their specificities were as high as 99.2 ~ 99.6% while their sensitivities were observed with little differences; 98.0% (199/203) for Kit A, 96.6% (196/203) for Kit B, and 97.4% (197/203) for Kit S. In the case of ARCHITECT Syphilis TP test, it showed 100% specificity (250/250) and 98.5% sensitivity (249/250). Kappa values comparing with RPR/FTA-ABS were 0.978 for Kit A, 0.964 for Kit B and Kit S, and 0.987 for ARCHITECT Syphilis TP. From our evaluation, we found out that manual rapid tests and ARCHITECT Syphilis TP have very good clinical accuracies and high kappa agreements with RPR/FTA-ABS. Due to its automation and quick simultaneous diagnosis with another serological markers, we suggest that the ARCHITECT Syphilis TP is one of best suitable method for the primary diagnosis of syphilis and that it might be able to replace RPR method in the laboratories.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.435-443
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• 2022

In this paper, using Covid-19 diagnostic data provided by the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency (KDCA), we examine the probability of confirmed cases and the probability of actually being confirmed when the rapid test is negative according to the sensitivity and specificity of the rapid diagnostic kit. When we know the conditional probability of confirmation given a positive test, we induce the relationship between sensitivity and specificity, and compute the actual sensitivity of the rapid diagnosis kit based on the data of KDCA.