• 한국습지학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.101-120
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• 2012

람사르 습지로 지정된 오대산 습지 중 하나인 질뫼늪 보호구역에서 2007년부터 2011년까지 생태적 특성을 파악하였다. 조사 결과, 유출수는 연평균 0.80 $m^3/min$이었다. 질뫼늪 보호구역 수질 중 pH는 평균 6.1, EC는 19 ${\mu}S/cm$, 칼륨, 칼슘, 암모늄 등의 양이온과 질산, 그리고 유효 인산 분석 결과 모두 평균 2.0 mg/L 이하였다. 퇴적층은 다른 산지 습지인 용늪이나 왕등재늪에 비하여 덜 발달되었다. 식물상으로는 49과 118속 163종 3아종, 29변종, 6품종으로 163종류가 조사되었으며, 물이끼가 우점하는 장소와 사초기둥에 환경부 지정 멸종위기 II급인 기생꽃이 서식하고 있었다. 식생 조사 결과 질뫼늪 보호구역에 서식하는 식물종은 시기에 따라 분포의 확장과 감소를 반복하면서 우점도의 변화가 나타났다. 질뫼늪은 물이끼를 기반으로 한 이탄습지로서 식물종 다양성 등 그 보존 가치가 뛰어난 것으로 판단되나 보호지역 주변에 위치한 목장 등 잠재적 위험 요소들이 존재하므로 지속적인 관심과 관리가 필요하다.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.120-132
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• 2021

서울시 생태경관보전지역은 자연환경보전법과 자연환경보전조례에 근거하고 있다. 2018년 제13차 람사르협약 당사국총회에서 '습지 생태계서비스 간편평가 도구'가 채택되었으며, 람사르습지 도시 인증제 항목에 습지 생태계서비스 평가 항목이 포함됨에 따라 이를 평가할 자료가 필요하다. 본 연구는 서울시 생태경관 보전지역 중 생태적 보전 가치가 높은 습지 5곳을 선정하여 InVEST 모델로 탄소저장량과 경제성 평가를 하고자 하였다. 연구결과는 탄천습지 3,674.62 Mg, 한강 밤섬 1,511.57 Mg, 고덕동 습지 5,007.21 Mg, 암사동 습지 7,108.47 Mg, 여의도 샛강 습지 290.27Mg으로 도출되었다. 이 중 탄천습지는 2013년의 탄천습지의 탄소저장량은 4,804.99 Mg로 탄소저장량 1,130.37 Mg 감소하여 실효탄소요금 평균값인 $16.06(US)를 적용하였을 경우, $15,910.58(US) 손실된 것으로 환산되었고, 기후변화에 따른 생산성과 생태계에 미치는 영향을 포함한 탄소의 사회적 비용 평균값인 $204(US)를 적용하였을 경우, $202,101.97(US) 손실로 도출되었다. 본 연구는 서울시 주요 습지지역을 선정하여 도심 속 습지가 주고 있는 자연자원의 가치를 평가하고자 하였다. 서울시 주요 습지의 생태적 가치 평가를 통하여 생태경관보전지역 보호 및 관리 방안의 기초자료로 활용이 가능할 것으로 판단된다. 또한, 습지 가치 평가에 대한 중요 의제로 간주되고 있음에 따라 향후 람사르 습지도시 인증제 항목에서 생태계서비스 평가 방안 제시가 가능하다고 사료된다. 람사르 습지를 인식하여 중요한 습지의 발굴 유도에 활용이 가능하며, 도심지역 내 습지 보전의 중요성에 대한 인식 증진과 람사르 습지의 국제적 교류에 도움을 줄 수 있다고 판단된다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.185-201
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• 2014

The Yong-neup of Mt. Daeam, which was designated as Korea's National Monument No.246 in 1973, is a high moor, and it has been managed with the designation as an ecosystem conservation area, Ramsar wetlands, and wetland conservation area. With the closing of the officially announced 5-year period for 'No-Trespassing' on the ecosystem conservation area starting August, 2010, it becomes necessary to arrange a systematic management and conservation scheme in consideration of the access & use of the visitors and Yong-neup's potential change into land consequent on making it open to the public. This study thinks that in order to preserve the Yong-neup, it's necessary to prepare the conservation plan for the program operation for exterminating exotic species, development of replacement wetlands and nurseries, access limit through zone categorization, establishment of environment-monitoring system, institutional management support, and establishment of managing facilities, etc., and to make scientific approaches, such as survey on wetland ecosystem, establishment of inventories, wetland monitoring, and drawing up of wetland ecology maps, etc. In addition, it is required that there should be adequate considerations of restoration of slope faces, drains, artificial embankment, water-collecting wells, roads for military operations, and wild-boar-stricken areas, etc., and should be continuous and systematic management of Yong-neup through the wise use of residents' participation-style maintenance, organization of a consultative body, introduction of CEPA programs, and introduction of visiting facilities and alternative transportation system, etc.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.477-484
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• 2013

우리나라는 1999년 람사르 협약의 국내이행을 위하여 "습지보전법"을 제정하여 환경부와 해양수산부가 각각 내륙습지와 연안습지를 관리하고 있다. 연안습지는 2001년 무안갯벌을 습지보호지역으로 지정하기 시작하여, 2013년 6월 기준으로 총 12개 지역, $218.96km^2$을 습지보호지역으로 지정하였다. 제도가 도입된 지 10년이 지나면서 보호지역 지정 면적이 늘어나는 외형적 성과를 거두었으나, 한편에서는 습지 보전정책이 효과적으로 이행되는지에 대한 의문이 제기되기도 한다. 이 연구에서는 습지 관련 법률과 제도에서 나타나는 문제점을 분석하고, 연안습지 보전 정책의 효과적인 이행을 위한 정책개선방향을 제시하고자 한다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.117-131
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• 2010

This study was conducted to utilize as basic information for the construction of conservation and estimation system for Palustrine wetland, which was badly managed and imprudently reclaimed, through the analysis of distribution characteristics and the estimation of conservation value for sample sites (eight wetlands) in rural area. As the result of wetland type classification, these wetlands was classified by 4 types (Permanent freshwater marshes/pools, ponds, Aquaculture ponds, and Seasonally flooded agricultural land) by Ramsar system, 3 types (Emergent Wetland, Aquatic Bed, and Scrub-Shrub Wetland) by NWI (Cowardin) System, 5 types (Farm Pond Depression, Under-flow wetland, Man-made Pond Depression, Abandoned Paddy Fields Wetland, and Reservoir Shore) by National Wetland's Categorical System, and 3 types (Aquatic Bed Wetland, Emergent Wetland, and Forested Wetland) by Lee (2000) System. These results suggest us developing the new type classification system for small Palustrine wetland in Korean rural areas. The score of function assessment (The Modified RAM) for small Palustrine wetlands was high at the wetlands nearby hills and rice paddy fields, and low at those nearby upper fields, which was mainly affected by land-use and vegetation. The functions as 'Flood/Storm Water Storage', 'Runoff Attenuation', 'Water Quality Protection' were resulted by the structural difference of inflow and outlet. Some functions as 'Wetland size', 'Wetland to immediate watershed ratio', 'Presence of boat traffic', 'Maximum water depth', 'Fetch of water's body' of RAM were not appropriate in evaluation of small wetlands in rural area. Which suggest us developing the new function assessment system for small Palustirne wetland in Korean rural areas.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.26-34
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• 2023

Wetlands are very critical for the conservation of aquatic ecosystems, while also serving as the breeding/ nesting/ resting grounds for water birds. Generally, wetlands support both resident and migratory birds, thus serving as connecting dots in the global flyways. The Rajasthan state of India has two Ramsar sites (Keoladeo National Park and Sambhar Lake) and many other water bodies/wetlands. However, most of these areas are segregated in the eastern, southeastern, southern, and northern parts. In the western part of Rajasthan, where lies the Great Indian or Thar desert, there are no such reported prominent wetlands drawing attention towards a substantial number of resident and migratory water birds. The author is an Indian Forest Service officer, who was posted in the Thar Desert region and during that time had identified a hidden wetland in the desert landscape. This study deliberates on the wetland location and its faunal diversity with prospects of developing the area as a proper wetland conservation zone. India is a signatory to the Central Asian Flyway of migratory species and serves as an important member in terms of having significant wetlands and reported migratory birds count. The need of preserving and bring the arid zone's hidden wetlands to the forefront can serve as an important tool to conserve water birds and comply with worldwide bird migration conservation efforts.

• 농촌계획
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.13-24
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• 2014

The pond wetlands in agricultural landscape are important natural resources that carry out the function of bio-diversity conservation. However, recently, those have been gradually embedded as their utility value were disappeared. And, the assessment methods used for pond wetlands are insufficient. Therefore, this study was conducted to examine the conservation value of pond wetlands by using the modified RAM, and present the improvement of assesment methods. The study sites, a total of 32 pond of 4 types by land use, were selected on the basis of Ramsar Convention. Through the analysis of precedent studies, the weighted 8 functions were adjusted. According to the assessment results, pond wetlands made the largest contribution to Fishery and Herpetile Habitat function. In addition, it also made large contribution to Floral Diversity, Wildlife Habitat, and Water Quality Protection function. On the other hand, it made a small contribution to Aesthetics and Recreation, Runoff Attenuation, Shoreline /Stream Bank Protection, and Flood/Storm Water Storage function due to the characteristics of small-scale pond wetlands. In the assessment of 8 functions, house type showed the worst assessment result, and mountain type showed the best assessment result. It is thought that those are due to land use type in terms of vicinity. 10 items among 52 of the modified RAM showed the same assessment results in all land use types. Accordingly, it is required to be deleted and modified the assessment method. On the other hand, it is required to add age, interference, and water use to the assessment method. It is thought that these results can be utilized for the development and modification of assessment methods focused on pond wetlands in rural area.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.241-247
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• 2015

A participatory approach of local stakeholders is important to create a balance between nature protection and the sustainable use of natural resources in a nature reserve and its vicinity area. The zoning and management policy of biosphere reserves (BRs) is a good example of this idea, especially for island reserves. Yakushima was inscribed as a World Natural Heritage (WH) in 1993. Almost all of its residents did not remember that Yakushima was a BR. In addition, Yakushima has some problems in nature reserve management. Overabundance of the deer population is a critical threat to both agriculture and natural vegetation in the world heritage site. There are too many tourists visiting the WH site and Nagata-hama beach. The beach is a Ramsar site and one of the most important spawning grounds of sea turtles in the north Pacific. Now, residents and the municipality have decided to reactivate the Yakushima BR. Although the Ministry of the Environment of Japan has an initiative to manage the WH and the Ramsar site, the BR is managed by the municipality and local stakeholders. Local activities of both nature conservation and the sustainable use of natural resources are encouraged in the BR site. The islanders willingly included all areas of the island into the BR site. Scientists who have participated in the Society of Yakushimaology have played a significant role to build trust between local stakeholders and to seek feasible policies on the nature reserves. The concept of the "Yakushima Environmental Culture Village" is a good model for the extension plan of the Yakushima and Kuchinoerabujima BRs.

• 생태와환경
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.295-304
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• 2017

습지보호지역인 전북 고창 운곡습지의 현존식생에 대한 군락분류와 군락분포를 규명하였다. 전통적인 식물사회학적 방법과 국제식생명명규약에 따라 단위식생을 분류하고 명명하였다. 서식처 기반의 식생 다양성은 침수식생으로부터 연목림식생에 이르기까지 7가지 상관식생형에서 총 88분류군으로 이루어진 12가지 단위식생이 분류되었다: 버드나무-골풀군락, 선버들-이삭사초군집, 달뿌리풀-갈퀴덩굴군락, 갈대군집, 매자기군집, 애기부들-나도겨풀군락, 골풀-별날개골풀군락, 나도겨풀군집, 마름-어리연꽃군집 (전형아군집과 네가래아군집(신칭), 가시연꽃변군집 포함), 연꽃군락, 참통발군락, 말즘군집. 축척 1 : 5,000의 지형도를 바탕으로 현존식생도를 제작하여 식생 공간분포를 기재하였다. 산간 선상지 습지를 포함한 배후습지와 원수대식생역의 서식처-단위식생 대응성에 관한 본 연구의 결과는 운곡습지 생태 관리의 바탕 정보를 제공한다.

• Proceedings of the National Institute of Ecology of the Republic of Korea
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.42-52
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• 2021

In order to secure basic data on biodiversity for wetland conservation and management used the data from Wetland Protected Area surveys conducted in South Korea (2015-2019) to analyze the distribution of fish from a total of 15 orders, 45 families, 134 species, and 12,972 individuals. The predominant species identified were Zacco platypus (Temminck and Schlegel) (19.47%) and Zacco koreanus (Kim, Oh and Hosoya) (8.16%). Of all emergent species, 52.9% (n=71 species) were freshwater species, 26.9% (n=36) were brackish species, 3.0% (n=4) were migratory species, 27% (n=36) were marine species, and 9.0% (n=12) were riffle benthic species. Overall, 5.2% (n=7 species) were endangered species, 3.0% (n=4) were exotic species, and 23.1% (n=31) were Korean endemic species. The eight identified Wetland Protected Areas (WPA) were classified based on their habitat characteristics and on the analysis of their emergent fish communities, as estuarine (n=2), coastal dune (n=1), marsh (n=2), stream (n=2), and stream-marsh (n=1) types. The environmental factors revealed to have the greatest influence on the species diversity of emergent fish were maintenance and repair, installation of reservoirs, and construction of artificial wetlands around them. The present study offers basic information on the diversity of fish species in different Wetland Protected Area types that can be used to inform conservation and management decisions for WPA.