• Structural Monitoring and Maintenance
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• 제1권3호
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• pp.323-338
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• 2014

In this study a new innovative method of earthquake-resistant strengthening of reinforced concrete structures is presented for the first time. Strengthening according to this new method consists of the construction of steel fiber ultra-high-strength concrete jackets without conventional reinforcement which is usually applied in the construction of conventional reinforced concrete jackets. An innovative solution is proposed also for the first time that ensures a satisfactory seismic performance of existing reinforced concrete structures, strengthened by using composite materials. The weak point of the use of such materials in repairing and strengthening of old R/C structures is the area of beam-column joints. According to the proposed solution, the joints can be strengthened with a steel fiber ultra-high-strength concrete jacket, while strengthening of columns can be achieved by using CFRPs. The experimental results showed that the performance of the subassemblage strengthened with the proposed mixed solution was much better than that of the subassemblage retrofitted completely with CFRPs.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2001년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.145-150
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• 2001

With the increase in the use of High-Strength Concrete(HSC) despite the its weakness like brittle characteristic, it is important to improve the performance of HSC columns, nowadays. Therefore, it is common to use higher strength steel in HSC for the purpose of ductility and strength improvement. This experimental study was set up to investigate the inelastic behavior of HSC(700kg/$cm^{2}$) columns subjected to combined axial and repeated lateral loads. Effects of key variables such as the volumetric ratio of transverse reinforcement, tie configuration and tie yield strength are studied in this research program. Test results indicate that inelastic response of HSC columns improve with proper confinement of core concrete. Increasing the amount of transverse reiuorement results in increased ductility.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 1999년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집(I)
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• pp.671-676
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• 1999

Because of relatively heavy dead weight of concrete itself and unavoidable heat of massive concrete in bridge piers, circular hollow columns are widely used in Korean highway bridges. Since the occurrence of 1995 Kobe earthquake, there have been much concerns about seismic design for various infrastructures, inclusive of bridge structures. It is, however, understood that there are not much research works for nonlinear behavior of circular hollow columns subjected to earthquake motions. The ultimate of this experimental research is investigate nonlinear behavior of circular hollow reinforced concrete bridge piers under the quasi-static cyclic load, and then to enhance their ductility by strengthening the plastic hinge region with glassfiber sheets. It is concluded from quasi-static tests for 7 bridge piers that energy dissipation capacity and curvatures for a given displacement ductility factor $\{\mu}=frac{\Delta}{\Delta_y}$are about 20% higher for the seismically designed columns and about 70% higher for the retrofitted piers than the nonseismically designed columns in a conventional way.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 1997년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.492-499
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• 1997

Experimental research was conducted to investigate structural performance of concrete columns confined with welded reinforcement grids were tested under simulated seismic loading. The columns were subjected to constant axial compression accompanied by incrementally increasing lateral deformation reversals. The results indicate thar welded reinforcement grid can be used effectively as confinement reinforcement provided that the steel used, have sufficient ductility and the welding process employed does not alter the strength and elongation characteristics of steel. The grids improved the structural performance of columns, which developed lateral drift ratios in excess of 3% with the spacing and volumetric ratio of transverse reinforcement similar to those required by the ACI 318-95 Building Code.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.222-227
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• 2004

The sub-bitline (SBL) sensing voltage of a cell and total cell array can be measured by the method of SBL voltage evaluation method. The MOSAID tester can collect all SBL signals. The hierarchical bitline of unit cell array block is composed of the cell array of 2k rows and 128 columns, which is divided into 32 cell array sections. The unit cell array section is composed of the cell array of 64 rows and 128 columns. The average sensing voltage with 2Pr value of $5{\mu}C/cm^2$ and SBL capacitance of 40fF is about 700mV at 3.0V operation voltage. That is high compensation method for capacitor size degradation effect. Thus allowed minimum 2Pr value for high density Ferroelectric RAM (FeRAM) can move down to about less than $5{\mu}C/cm^2$.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.25-33
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• 1983

현행(現行) 콘크리트 표준시방서(標準示方書)에서 WSD 또는 USD로 설계(設計)되는 R.C. 기둥의 설계규준(設計規準)에서 보다 합리적(合理的)인 설계(設計)가 될 수 있는 신뢰성(信賴性) 설계규준(設計規準)을 제안(提案)하는 것이 본(本) 연구(硏究)의 핵심(核心)이다. Cornell의 MFOSM 이론(理論)에 의(依)해 R.C. 기둥 저항(抵抗)의 불확실량(不確實量) 산정(算定) 알고리즘을 유도(誘導)하여 저항(抵抗)의 불확실량(不確實量)을 산정(算定)했으며, 하중(荷重)의 불확실량(不確實量)은 우리의 실정(實情)을 고려(考慮)한 적절(適切)한 값을 선택(選擇)하여 신뢰성(信賴性) 해석(解析) 및 설계규준(設計規準)을 산정(算定)했다. 현행(現行) WSD와 USD 설계법(設計法)의 신뢰성(信賴性) 수준(水準)을 분석(分析)하고 외국(外國)의 경우와 비교(比較) 검토(檢討)함으로써, 우리 나라에 알맞는 목표신뢰성지수(目標信賴性指數) ${\beta}_0=4.0$을 택(擇)하여 LRFD 설계규준(設計規準)에 의(依)한 저항(抵抗)-하중계수(荷重係數)를 제안(提案)했다. 또한 철근(鐵筋)과 콘크리트의 허용응력(許容應力)을 산정제안(算定提案)했다. 본(本) 연구(硏究)에서 제안(提案)한 신뢰성(信賴性)을 설계규준(設計規準) 및 허용응력(許容應力)은 일정(一定)한 신뢰성(信賴性)을 주는 보다 합리적(合理的)인 설계(設計)가 되게 하므로 현행(現行) R.C. 기둥의 설계규준(設計規準)에 신뢰성(信賴性) 설계(設計) 개념(槪念)을 하는 것이 바람직하다고 본다.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.1305-1322
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• 2016

This paper presents the results of experimental and numerical model analyses on partially encased composite columns under concentric loads. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the influence of replacing the conventional longitudinal and transverse steel bars by welded wire mesh on the structural behavior of these members under concentric loads. To achieve these goals experimental tests on four specimens of partially encased composite columns submitted to axial loading were performed and the results were promising in terms of replacing the traditional reinforcement by steel meshes. In addition, a numerical FE model was developed using the software DIANA$^{(R)}$ with FX+. The experimental results were used to validate the numerical model. Satisfactory agreement between experimental and numerical results was observed in both capacity and deformability of the composite columns. Despite of the simplifying assumptions of perfect bond between steel and concrete, the numerical model adequately represented the columns behavior. A finite element parametric study was performed and parameters including thickness of the steel profile and the concrete and steel strengths were evaluated. The parametrical study results found no significant changes in the partially encased columns behavior due to variations of the steel profile thickness or yield strength. However, significant changes in the post peak behavior were observed when using high strength concrete and these results suggest a change in the failure mode.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.231-250
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• 2007

The influence of masonry infills with eccentric openings on the seismic performance of reinforced concrete (r/c) frames that were designed in accordance with current code provisions are investigated. Eight 1/3-scale, single-story, single-bay frame specimens were tested under cyclic horizontal loading up to a drift level of 4%. In all examined cases the shear strength of columns was higher than the cracking shear strength of solid infill. The parameters investigated include the shape and the location of the opening. Assessment of the behavior of the frames is also attempted, based on the observed failure modes, strength, stiffness, ductility, energy dissipation capacity and degradation from cycling loading. Based on these results there can be deduced that masonry infills with eccentrically located openings has been proven to be beneficial to the seismic capacity of the bare r/c frames in terms of strength, stiffness, ductility and energy dissipation. The location of the opening must be as near to the edge of the infill as possible in order to provide an improvement in the performance of the infilled frame.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2000년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.452-457
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• 2000

This research aims at evaluating the seismic performance of the existing R/C bridge piers, which were seismically designed in accordance with the provision of moderate confinement design code (Eurocode 8). The work presented in this paper experimentally investigates the ductility and hysteretic behavior of circular reinforced concrete columns with moderate confinement. Pseudo-dynamic tests have been carried out on two scaled R/C column specimens to investigate their hysteretic behavior and other seismic performance.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.718-725
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• 2002

본 연구에서는 R/C 골조구조물에 대한 내진성능개선 방법으로서, 벽식 마찰 감쇄기 모델을 새롭게 제안하였다. 기존의 감쇄 장치가 일반적으로 브레이스 부재 형태를 취하고 있으나, 브레이스형 감쇄장치는 시공상 강골조구조물에는 적용하기 용이한 반면 R/C 골조구조물에 적용 시에는 R/C 구조부재와 감쇄기간의 연결 문제, 감쇄기와 R/C 부재 연결부에서의 응력집중으로 인한 R/C 구조부재의 파손 우려 등의 단점이 있다. 제안된 감쇄기는 감쇄기 연결부의 R/C 구조부재 파손 및 구조물의 P-Δ효과를 줄이는데 장점을 가지면서 감쇄기로서의 역할을 발휘하도록 한 테프론 슬라이더와 R/C 전단벽 조합형 감쇄기이다. 제안된 감쇄기의 내진성능개선 능력을 평가하기 위하여, 감쇄기의 수치모델을 고려한 R/C 골조구조물의 비선형 동적해석 알고리즘을 제시하였다. 지진하중이 작용하는 기존의 10층 3경간 R/C 골조구조물에 본 감쇄기를 적용한 수치해석 결과, 시간이력거동 및 층간변위의 억제에서 탁월한 제어효과를 나타내었으며, 저층 기둥 부재의 소성힌지 발생 및 구조부재의 손상을 감쇄기의 소산에너지로 억제하여 줌으로서 구조물 내진성능개선에 효과가 우수한 것으로 평가되었다.