• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.34-46
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• 2008

Emissions inputs for use in air quality modeling of Korea were generated with the emissions inventory data from the National Institute of Environmental Research (NIER), maintained under the Clean Air Policy Support System (CAPSS) database. Source Classification Codes (SCC) in the Korea emissions inventory were adapted to use with the U.S. EPA's Sparse Matrix Operator Kernel Emissions (SMOKE) by finding the best-matching SMOKE default SCCs for the chemical speciation and temporal allocation. A set of 19 surrogate spatial allocation factors for South Korea were developed utilizing the Multi-scale Integrated Modeling System (MIMS) Spatial Allocator and Korean GIS databases. The mobile and area source emissions data, after temporal allocation, show typical sinusoidal diurnal variations with high peaks during daytime, while point source emissions show weak diurnal variations. The model-ready emissions are speciated for the carbon bond version 4 (CB-4) chemical mechanism. Volatile organic carbon (VOC) emissions from painting related industries in area source category significantly contribute to TOL (Toluene) and XYL (Xylene) emissions. ETH (Ethylene) emissions are largely contributed from point industrial incineration facilities and various mobile sources. On the other hand, a large portion of OLE (Olefin) emissions are speciated from mobile sources in addition to those contributed by the polypropylene industry in point source. It was found that FORM (Formaldehyde) is mostly emitted from petroleum industry and heavy duty diesel vehicles. Chemical speciation of PM2.5 emissions shows that PEC (primary fine elemental carbon) and POA (primary fine organic aerosol) are the most abundant species from diesel and gasoline vehicles. To reduce uncertainties in processing the Korea emission inventory due to the mapping of Korean SCCs to those of U.S., it would be practical to develop and use domestic source profiles for the top 10 SCCs for area and point sources and top 5 SCCs for on-road mobile sources when VOC emissions from the sources are more than 90% of the total.

• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.48-55
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to develop a $CO_2$ emission factor for refuse plastic fuel (RPF) combustion facilities, and calculate the $CO_2$ emissions from these facilities. The $CO_2$ reduction from using these facilities was analyzed by comparing $CO_2$ emission to facilities using fossil fuels. The average $CO_2$ emission factor from RPF combustion facilities was 59.7 Mg $CO_2$/TJ. In addition, fossil fuel and RPF use were compared using net calorific value (NCV). Domestic RPF consumption in 2011 was 240,000 Mg/yr, which was compared to fossil fuels using NCV. B-C oil use, which has the same NCV, was equal to RPF use. In contrast, bituminous and anthracite were estimated at 369,231 Mg/yr and 355,556 Mg/yr, respectively. In addition, the reduction in $CO_2$ emissions due to the alternative fuel was analyzed. $CO_2$ emissions were reduced by more than 350 Mg $CO_2$/yr compared to bituminous and anthracite. We confirmed that using RPF, an alternative fuel, can reduce $CO_2$ emissions.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.29-38
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• 2019

Microbial community and composition in stormwater runoff from mixed land use land cover (LULC) catchment with ongoing land development was diverse across the hydrological stage due different environmental parameters (hydrometeorological and physicochemical) and source of runoff. However, limited studies have been made for bacterial composition in this catchment. Therefore, this study aims to: (1) quantify the concentration of fecal indicator bacteria (FIB), stormwater quality and bacterial composition and structure according to hydrological stage; and (2) determine their correlation to environmental parameters. The 454 pyrosequencing was used to determine the bacterial community and composition; while Pearson's correlation was used to determine the correlation among parameters-FIB, stormwater quality, bacterial composition and structure-to environmental parameters. Results demonstrated that the initial and peak runoff has the highest concentration of FIB, stormwater quality and bacterial composition and structure. Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria and Firmicutes were dominant bacteria identified in this catchment. Furthermore, the 20 most abundant genera were correlated with runoff duration, average rainfall intensity, runoff volume, runoff flow, temperature, pH, organic matter, nutrients, TSS and turbidity. An increase of FIB and stormwater quality concentration, diversity and richness of bacterial composition and structure in this study was possibly due to leakage from septic tanks, cesspools and latrines; feces of domestic and wild animals; and runoff from forest, destroyed septic system in land development site and urban LULC. Overall, this study will provide an evidence of hydrological stage impacts on the runoff microbiome environment and public health perspective.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Quality Management Conference
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• 1998.11a
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• pp.159-173
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• 1998

Quality characteristics on the properties of process capability indices (PCIs) are often required to be normally distributed. But, if a characteristic is not normally distributed, serious errors can result from normal-based techniques. In this case, we may well consider the use of new PCIs specially designed to be robust for non-normality. In this paper, a newly proposed measure of process capability is introduced and compared with existing PCIs using the simulated non-normal data.

• IE interfaces
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.25-30
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• 1994

ISO 9000 is a series of several standards(ISO 8402, 9000, 9001, 9002, 9003, 9004,...). ISO 9000 is a standard explaining fundamental concepts, defining important terms, and providing guidance for selecting among the other standards. ISO 9001, the most comprehensive standard to ensure quality in design, development, production, installation, and servicing. ISO 9002 is used to assure conformance to specification, installation and servicing. ISO 9003 has the least requirement among three standards and applies to inspection and final testing. ISO 9004 is a standard developed for internal use only and not applicabe to contractual arrangements. In this paper, quality system requirements for ISO 9000 series are also specified.

• KCID journal
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.25-37
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• 1997

Flow rate and selected water quality of 2 small rural streams located in Kangwon-do, Korea, were monitored and land use of the watersheds was investigated to describe the trend of stream water quality for 2 years. Water qualities were analyzed with respec

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.12 no.10
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• pp.11-17
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• 2014

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship that is found to exist between the technology-based self-service convenience orientation factor and the factors of convenience and quality. Research design, data, and methodology - The questionnaire was developed by using the modified and supplementary questions that were examined in previous studies. We used the SPSS/PC 18.0 and lisrel 8.3 statistical packages to analyze the results of the research. For validating the research hypothesis and structural relationship of the research model, path analysis was used in this study. Results - The ease of use exerted a significant influence on the four dimensions. Information had a significant influence on transaction, benefit, and post-benefit convenience. Control had a significant influence on five dimensions. Conclusions - This study suggests that technology-based self-service convenience is classified into five multi-dimensional levels. Further, the study reveals that control, ease of use, and information are important variables in order to increase convenience. Therefore, for improving technology-based self-service convenience, it is important to improve the control, ease of use, and information variables.

• KCID journal
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.35-41
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• 2010

For efficient water quality management of Saemangeum lake, it is very important to accurately analyze discharged load characteristics using investigated pollution sources data from Saemangeum watershed. Investigation of pollution sources was conducted from 2003 to 2007. In this study, pollution sources are largely classified into human population, livestock, industry, and land use. Discharged loads of BOD, T-N and T-P from classified pollution sources were calculated by Korea TMDL (Total Maximum Daily Load) technical guideline. The calculated results showed that the major sources of BOD and T-N were land use, human population, livestock, and industry in order. However, the major sources of T-P were livestock, land use, human population, and industry in order. Our results clearly show that pollution sources of the priority management for water quality enhancement in the Saemangeum lake has represented land use and livestock.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.1156-1170
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• 2023

Various corporates have launched products and brands to meet the diverse needs of consumers. However, an excess of information and products could be collapsed into a choice paradox far from the intention. As an alternative to these problems, curation-based services have recently been in the limelight and can be adopted into e-commerce sites. As one of the earlier studies on the considerable factors of curation services, this study focuses on the online fashion recommendation system in which design quality, interactivity, and perceived usefulness will affect trust, satisfaction, and continued intention to use. In the result, the design quality factor shows a positive effect on satisfaction, but not on the trust. Also, interactivity doesn't demonstrate a significant positive effect on both the satisfaction and the trust factors far from the previous ones but the perceived usefulness had a positive effect on those. In addition, the personalization does not affect a significant effect on the satisfaction factor but on the trust factor. Subsequently, the trust affects the satisfaction, and the satisfaction on the continued intention to use factor, but trust does not significantly affect the continued intention to use directly.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.540-545
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• 2006

The objective of the study is to assess the water quality improvement resulted from the rearrangement of the irrigation water supply systems at Mankyeong River and Ansung Chun basin. There is a mixed type of watershed composed of urban and rural areas in the region. The water intake facilities for agricultural use such as reservoir, weir and pumping station are generally located at upstream river where the water quality maintains relatively clean. However, this study focuses on moving the water intake to downstream and rearranging the irrigation water supply system, then investigating how effective they are for water quality improvement in the river. When the water intake is moved downstream, the stream flow is increased as much as the amount of irrigation water that is to be taken upstream. The augmented flow which is frequently referred to as environmental flow can function as dilution water for improving the quality of polluted water that is originated from the wastewater in tributaries.