• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.501-510
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• 1999

Stream and groundwater qualities of small agricultural watershed in Kangwon Probince, Korea were monitored 1 to 2 years, and the relationships between stream and groundwater qualities and seasonal water quality changes analyzed. Flooded paddy fields influenced groundwater level and quality during rice culture. The differences between groundwater levels during rice culture and non-culture spans were between 0.8 and 2.91 m. Seasonal changes of total nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen concentrations of stream and groundwater were very similar and groundwater quality was thought to have a profound impact on stream quality of the research watersheds. Suspended solids and BOD maintained the first degree stream water quality throughout the monitoring period except for a few and short flooding spans. The concentrations of total phosphorus and total bacteria of both waters showed wide variations and any seasonal trends were not observed. Long-term monitoring studies on small rural watersheds were recommended to understand the pattern of both stream and groundwater quality changes with respect to land use, season and cultural practice, and to apply the results to develop effective water quality management policies for large river and domestic water supply systems.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.21-28
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• 2012

E-participation is the term referring to the use of information and communication technologies to political participation by enabling citizens to connect with one another. Because e-participation systems are already constructed and operated, continuous usage is regarded as a major concern for successful e-participation. E-participation systems should guarantee ease of use, user satisfaction, and high quality. In addition, measuring the quality of e-participation systems will provide a useful strategy. This paper suggests a methodology for measuring quality of experience of the e-participation system and computing the quality score. We apply two concepts of usability measurement method and quality of experience that are most suitable. We provide the target of measurement,, the construct of quality of experience, the method of experiment and analysis of data, and the scoring method of quality of experience.

• Journal of Multimedia Information System
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.75-86
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• 2022

The existing image quality assessment (IQA) datasets have a small number of samples. Some methods based on transfer learning or data augmentation cannot make good use of image quality-related features. A No Reference (NR)-IQA method based on multi-task training and quality awareness is proposed. First, single or multiple distortion types and levels are imposed on the original image, and different strategies are used to augment different types of distortion datasets. With the idea of weak supervision, we use the Full Reference (FR)-IQA methods to obtain the pseudo-score label of the generated image. Then, we combine the classification information of the distortion type, level, and the information of the image quality score. The ResNet50 network is trained in the pre-train stage on the augmented dataset to obtain more quality-aware pre-training weights. Finally, the fine-tuning stage training is performed on the target IQA dataset using the quality-aware weights to predicate the final prediction score. Various experiments designed on the synthetic distortions and authentic distortions datasets (LIVE, CSIQ, TID2013, LIVEC, KonIQ-10K) prove that the proposed method can utilize the image quality-related features better than the method using only single-task training. The extracted quality-aware features improve the accuracy of the model.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.236-245
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• 2023

In this study, the quality safety limit period of seven types of bakery bread was analyzed, and their use-by date was calculated. For evaluating product quality, storage conditions were set as 5, 15, 25, and 35℃ for 50 days, and moisture, microorganisms, sensory characteristics, and dominant bacteria were examined. The quality and safety standards followed the Korea Food Code and Korean industrial standards (KS). The results showed that all products stored at 5℃ satisfied the standard for bacterial count for day 50, but the sensory quality was below the standard level. Samples stored at 15℃ showed high variability from 3-39 days. At 25℃, a quality safety limit period of 2-20 days was set, and one sample was found to have the same shelf life. Bread stored at 35 ℃ had the shortest quality safety limit period. Considering a safety factor of 0.87, a use-by date period of 1.7-13.1 days was calculated. Therefore, setting the use-by date according to the product type is necessary, even for the same product category. Among the bread products sold in bakeries, those managed as room temperature products (1-35℃) can be distributed and stored in a temperature range of up to 35℃. Overall, this study demonstrates the importance of setting a quality retention period based on the product characteristics and carefully considering the safety factor.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.493-501
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• 2015

This study is to observe the correlation between user properties and user behavior on the mobile game, one of the most prominent digital contents with the most mutual interaction. Among various factors affecting on behaviors of game users, the user properties itself was accentuated, and the effect of individual and psychological quality on the use of game was evaluated. The user properties were mainly categorized into five factors of "interpersonal relationship", "level of game skill", "inclination of innovation", "self-esteem", and "competitive spirit", and the use behavior of game was categorized mainly into two types - quantitative behavior of "amount of use (time of use, consumption cost)" and qualitative behavior of "perceived satisfaction level (perceived enjoyment, perceived service quality, and perceived price)". As a result of study, in general, as the user quality subjected in this study is stronger, the amount of use and satisfaction level are higher. This study is to observe what type of user qualities leads to the more use, consumption, and satisfaction level of game contents to contribute to the study about the use of conventional digital contents and heavy use.

• Environmental Sciences Bulletin of The Korean Environmental Sciences Society
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.151-158
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• 1999

Biogenic source emissions refer to naturally occuring emissions from vegetation, microbial activities in soil, lightening, and so on. Vegetation is especially known to emit a considerable amout of volatile organic compounds into the atmosphere. Therefore, biogenic source emissions are an important input to photochemical air quality models. since most biogenic source emissions are calculated at the county-level, they should be geographically allocated to the computational grid cells of a photochemical air quality model prior to running the model. The traditional method for the spatial allocation for biogenic source emissions has been to use a "spatial surrogate indicator" such as a county area. In order to examine the applicability of such approximations, this study developed more detailed surrogate indicators to improve the spatial allocation method for biogenic source emissions. Due to the spatially variable nature of biogenic source emissions, Geographic Information Systems(GIS) were introduced as new tools to develop more detailed spatial surrogate indicators. Use of these newly developed spatial surrogate indicators for biogenic source emission allocation provides a better resolution than the standard spatial surrogate indicator.indicator.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2005.04a
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• pp.122-126
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• 2005

Groundwater monitoring wells (about 70 wells) were extensively installed in 28 sites surrounding Lake Texoma, located on the border of Oklahoma and Texas, to assess the impact of geochemical stressors to shallow groundwater quality. The monitoring wells were classified into three groups (residential area, agricultural area, and oil field area) depending on their land uses. During a two-year period from 1999 to 2001 the monitoring wells were sampled every three months on a seasonal basis. Water quality assay consisted of 25 parameters including field parameters, nutrients, major ions, and trace elements. Occurrence and level of inorganics in groundwater samples were related to the land-use and temporal change.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.415-426
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• 1997

Some arguments have been about over the representativeness of government-run air quality monitoring stations among scholars and non-governmental organizations (NGOs). However, it is not a simple problem to move monitoring stations because of continuity of data and high cost. So it is necessary to complement the monitoring data if it do not represent the ambient air quality properly. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the representativeness of some monitoring stations using passive $NO_2$ samplers and to find a complementary method from linear regression. Two stations were chosen for the evaluation: Shinlim Station was one of the most controversial stations in Seoul and Banpo Station had the best reputation. Air qualities were surveyed at seven points around each monitoring station with consideration of land use and distance. The ratios of the average $NO_2$ levels of the areas to these at the monitoring stations were 1.59 for Shinlim Station and 1.03 for Banpo Station. The differences between the average $NO_2$ levels and those at the monitoring stations were 10.75 ppb for Shilim Station and 0.34 ppb for Banpo Station. The correlation coefficients between the two levels were 0.7668 for Shinlim and 0.7662 for Banpo. The average coefficients of determination $(R^2)$ were 0.61 for Shinlim and 0.61 for Banpo. The Shinlim Station could not represent the air quality of Shinlim-Dong good because it is located in a green area at an outskirt of Shinlim-Dong. But the Banpo Station located in a central residential area of Banpo-Dong showed a fair representativeness. However, air quality turned out to be different with land use such as residential area, green area or road: the air quality data from a monitoring station located at a certain land use should not be interpreted as representing the air quality at any sites around the station. Equations to predict the average $NO_2$ levels of each area from the data from the monitoring stations were presented based on linear regression.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.425-437
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• 2013

This study conducted a questionnaire survey of the current use status of central kitchen products on 198 dietitians and cooks working at a catering center of a company affiliated with group S in order to investigate the use state of the central kitchen products in catering. The largest groups of respondents answered that they use the central kitchen products once two to four days. As a reason to use it, the largest group answered that they used it because of the ease of preparation. In addition, the results show that the subjects often use sauce and processed vegetables among the central kitchen products. This study investigated the efficiency of cooking, hygiene and safety management of the central kitchen products. The results show that they have a large effect on shortening the cooking time. The quality control and service efficiency of the central kitchen products showed a positive reaction to the menu diversification and excellent quality but a negative reaction to the nutritious superiority. The operating cost efficiency of the central kitchen products generally showed a negative reaction except for the reducing effect of waste rate. As an improvement of the central kitchen products, the survey shows that the reduction in price and quality progress should be most urgently improved. Based on these results, the introduction of the central kitchen products into to the catering enables to standardize mass production, improve the taste and quality, cook without professional chefs and produce productivity increasing effect in the catering by the time shortening effect.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2002.11b
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• pp.127-130
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• 2002

Recently, with the increasing use of power semiconductors and microprocessors which are very sensitive to little change of power quality and for coping positively with anticipating power quality disputes between power providers and consumers which are possible to occur by of power market being formed, the power quality problem has gained preponderance among the contemporary research areas. To serve these purposes, the integrated system has been researched and developed for power quality analysis and monitoring, which provides speedy and powerful functions by the growth of computer hardware and information technology. But the advent of fast and lower price hardware make little difference in an application on many systems. As a result, the key issues of constructing power quality monitoring system are in the management of data obtained, accurate algorithms, graphic representation and user-friendly-environment for easy and clear analysis results. So, in this paper it will be introduced that the standard of user-friendly-GUI(Graphic User Interface) and analysis graphic representation for intuitive understanding of results from power quality analysis based on consideration of several systems currently being in use.