• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.288-295
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• 2014

Background: The pharmacy education system in South Korea has changed from four-year degree program to two-year pre-pharmacy program plus four-year professional degree program (a total of six years) since 2009. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to assess final year student's satisfaction on this new pharmacy education system and to explore factors related to student satisfaction. Methods: A paper-and-pencil survey instrument was administered to all final year pharmacy students at four universities located in South Korea during September of 2014. The self-administered questionnaire contained 39 items. In part 1, the quality of education with regards to school utilities, education system, human resources, and communication domains were measured. In part 2, overall satisfactions with the new education system were asked to students. Responses were recorded on a seven point Likert scale. Results: A total of 207 students were participated in this study. Students showed low satisfaction on school utilities and standardization of education while they displayed high level of satisfaction on the quality of the faculty members and preceptors at clerkship sites. Factor analysis showed that education service was the most significant factor that affects students' satisfaction followed by facilities, standardized education, communication, administration, pharmacy practice (p<0.05). Conclusion: The qualification of faculty and preceptors ranked number one in students' satisfaction and it was the most significant factor. School facilities were found to be the second most significant factor in students' satisfaction while students displayed poor satisfaction. The study results might need to be reflected in future education planning to improve students' satisfaction.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.139-142
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• 2012

The deign and development status of a combustion chamber test facility(CTF), a turbopump real propellant test facility(TPTF), a rocket engine test facility for 3rd stage engine(SReTF), a rocket engine ground/high altitude test facility(ReTF, HAReTF) and a propulsion system test complex(PSTC) for KSLV-II is briefly described. The development/qualification tests of engine component, 3rd stage engine system and 75ton-class liquid rocket engine system will be performed in CTF, TPTF, SReTF, ReTF and HAReTF and the development test of $1^{st}/2^{nd}/3^{rd}$ propulsion systems for KSLV-II will be performed in PSTC. The CTF/TPTF are under construction such as ordering the long delivery items and the detailed design of ReTF/PSTC is being prepared.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.87-104
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• 2004

This study selected the fifth and sixth graders of elementary school in Jeollanamdo who can express their opinions of safety consciousness and understand the items of questionnaire as the population. It selected 10 elementary schools under the supervision of Jeonnam Board of Education and sampled 700 students randomly from 2-3 classes in the 5th and the 6th grade. One preliminary survey was conducted to revise and complement the contents and forms of questionnaire with 70 students of a school from Apr. 1 to 6, 2004 and this study was conducted from Apr. 10 to 30, 2004. Data of this study were collected by explaining the purport of study to subjects after obtaining approval of principal and teacher of the school and distributing questionnaires. Total 700 questionnaires were distributed and 681 were collected (97%) and 602 were used for final analysis except 79 lacking responses. The results of this study are as follows. According to demographical characteristics of subjects, 'male' students were 302(50.%) and 'female' students were 300(49.8%) by sex and 'the 5th graders' were 285(47.3%) and 'the 6th graders' were 317(52.7%) in grade distribution. Residents at 'apartment house' were 406(67.4%) in residence type, 'going to school by foot' was 477 students(79.2%), 'high school graduates' were 297(49.3%) in fathers' education, 'high school graduates' were 366 (60.8%) in mothers' education, 'professional and office workers' were 231(38.4%) in fathers' job, 'full-time workers' were 283(47.0%) in mothers' job, and the number of siblings was one except myself in 343 students(57.0%). Respondents on the level of class showing 'good' were 340(56.5%) and those on the degree of adaptation to school life showing 'active' were 349(58.0%). On the characteristics related to safety education, 360(59.8%) responded it was 'very necessary', on the frequency of safety education at school for last one year, 339(56.3%) responded they had 'once or twice', on the frequency of safety education by parents, 279(46.3%) responded they 'often' had it, on the level of safety practice by parents, 347(57.6%) responded they practiced it 'frequently', on the source of knowledge of safety, 223(37.0%) responded they got it from 'parents, siblings and relatives', on the degree of recognizing the need of safety education textbooks, 295(38.5%) responded 'it was needed', on the recognition of necessity of teacher for safety education, 271(45.0%) answered it was very necessary', and on the recognition of qualification of teacher for safety education, 370(61.5%) answered it was 'paramedic'. The mean score of safety consciousness of subjects was 2.72 (SD. 21) of full score 3, having high score over mean score. According to each area, the area showing the highest safety consciousness was safety of fire(2.83), followed by home safety(2.76) and first-aid treatment(2.76), traffic safety(2.71), play and leisure safety(2.66) and school safety(2.56). Items showing statistical differences in the degree of safety consciousness according to demographical characteristics were sex(t=-3.11, p=.002), education(t=2.33, p=.021) and number of siblings(F=3.729, p=.011). In the difference of safety consciousness between both sexes, 'female' students(2.75) showed higher safety consciousness than 'male' students (2.69), and the former also showed higher safety consciousness than the latter in all six areas of school safety, play and leisure safety, traffic safety, fire safety, home safety and first-aid treatment, and there were statistical differences in the areas of play and leisure safety, traffic safety, fire safety and first-aid treatment. According to the differences of safety consciousness by grade, 'the fifth graders'(2.74) showed higher safety consciousness than 'the sixth graders'(2.70) and the former also showed higher safety consciousness than the latter in all six areas of school safety, play and leisure safety, traffic safety, fire safety, home safety and first-aid treatment, and there were statistical differences in the areas of fire safety and home safety. In the safety consciousness by the number of siblings, 'single son or daughter' (2.78) was highest and their safety consciousness was also highest in all six areas of school safety, play and leisure safety, traffic safety, fire safety, home safety and first-aid treatment, and there were statistical differences in the areas of school safety, fire safety and home safety, There were statistically remarkable differences in degree of adaptation to school life (F=15.349, p=.000) and perceived schooling level(F=9.552, p=.000). According to the degree of safety consciousness related to characteristics of safety education, there were statistical differences at the degree of recognizing the need of safety education(F=9.797, p=.000), degree of safety education at school(F=2.595, p=.006), degree of safety education by parents(F=12.709, p=.000), degree of practicing safety by parents(F=17.579, p=.000), source of knowledge of safety education (F=2,715, p=.044), necessity of safety education textbooks(F=3.972, p=.008), need of safety teacher(F=4.137, p=.006) and qualification standard of safety teacher(F=3.016, p=.029).

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.49-54
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• 2004

Purpose : To valuate the usefulness of mammographic image by using phantom 1,2 to controls the enhancement of image quality. Procedure : Set up same equipments for experiment (all the qualification must be the same). Control group and 4 other experiment the developing mammographys by using the image system with film/intensifying screen and distribute marks on each test objects of phantom 1, 2. Result : The results of the experiment using phantom 1, 2 on control group and 4 others are : 1. phantom 1's valuation with 3 items. - control group received 29 out of 32 - group A received 25 - group B received 16 - group C received 11.5 - group D received 28.5 The evaluation shows that the system has proved to display excellent image quality except group B and C. 2. Phantom 2's valuation with 4 items. - control group received 38 out of 38 - group A received 30 - group B received 16 - group C received 12.5 - group D received 38 Even with phantom 2, group B and C has displayed poor image quality. Conclusion : Both experiments using phantom 1 and 2 have shown that the most strong factor that control and influence the image quality are the filming equipments. Especially, the developing system has most powerful influence above all.

• Journal of Service Research and Studies
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.23-42
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• 2020

This study conceptualized the essence and propensity of modern management in service age, based on philosophy, and developed items to evaluate the conceptualized content. It was carried out as a new study to deepen the study of management philosophy and management theory by the new management framework. In order to establish the philosophical foundation of the modern management, the essence of the modern management was conceptualized based on the fundamental ideas of the East and West, and then an evaluation item was developed to put the essence and propensity of the modern management into practical use through analytical and empirical methods. After analyzing the representative ideas of mankind, it was derived that the Book of Change has the qualification as a philosophical model that can derive the essence of modern management. The Book of Change explains the reasoning of the world in the structure of two opposing parties, such as Taiji or Yin and Yang, and the process of acknowledging the contradictions within each opposing party and overcoming the contradictions through change is the central idea. Because you can see. After conducting a conceptual study, through empirical research, the essence and propensity of a modern manager should be conceptualized. The concept of essence and empirical study of the modern management using the leading role was conducted in two stages. First, a qualitative study using repetitive comparative analysis (CCM), focus group interview (FGI), and text mining was conducted to derive the essential and propensity conceptualization items that modern managers should possess. In addition, a quantitative study using factor analysis to develop sample items and develop measurement items through literature review and FGI was conducted to derive the essential concept of the modern management. Finally, the essence of modern management was derived: learning, preparation, challenge, inclusion, trust, morality, and sacrifice. In the future, it is necessary to conduct empirical research on the effectiveness of the essence of modern management for global and Korean representative companies.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.40-48
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• 2023

This study is part of a foundational research effort aimed at developing a suitability index for breeding grounds related to avian activities along the domestic South and West coasts, including islands. Focus Group Interviews (FGI) and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) analyses were conducted. The results are as follows. First, as a result of determining the value of the suitability of coastal bird breeding sites, the 'Natural Value(0.763)' was higher than the 'Artificial Value(0.237)'. Other artificial values were identified as sub-ranked except for 'Protected Areas' to ensure continuous integrity of breeding spaces. Second, as a result of re-establishing the 25 evaluation items classified in the two-time FGI as higher concepts, nine natural values and five artificial values were finally selected as a total of 14. Third, the results of the mid-classification evaluation of the importance of the suitability of coastal bird breeding sites were identified in the order of 'Ecological Value(0.392)', 'Topographic Value(0.251)', 'Passive Interference(0.124)', 'Geological Value(0.120)', and 'Active Interference(0.113)'. Fourth, the results of the priority of evaluation items of coastal bird breeding sites were in the order of 'Vegetation Distribution (0.187)', 'Area of Mudflats(0.118)', 'Presence or Absence of Mudflats(0.092)', 'Appearance of Natural Enemies(0.087)', 'Protected Areas(0.08)', 'Island Area (0.069)', 'Over-Breeding devastation(0.064)', 'Soil Composition Ratio(0.056)', 'Distance from Land(0.054)', 'Ocean farm area (0.045)', 'Cultivated land area(0.041)', 'Cultivation behavior(0.038)', 'Angle of the Surface(0.036)', and 'Land Use(0.033)'. It is judged that the weighting result value of the evaluation items derived in this study can be used for priority evaluation focusing on the coastal bird breeding area space. However, it seems that the correlation with the unique habitat suitability of bird individuals needs to be supplemented, and spatial analysis research incorporating species-specific characteristics will be left as a future task.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.89-102
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• 2015

This study contemplates the tendency of the examination questions for History of Korean Landscape Architecture. The study targets the questions of 'Landscape Architecture History' which has been set in the written test for National Qualification Test of a landscape engineer for recent 10 years from 2005 to 2014 and derives analyzable items based on the guidelines of question-setting presented by Human Resources Development Service of Korea. The results of the study are drawn as follows. First, among 5 areas composing Landscape History, the proportion of Korean Landscape questions is getting increased while that of Western ones is decreasing. Second, about 30 traditional trees and 11 types of traditional landscape elements including traditional facilities were shown in Korean Landscape questions. Besides, history, geographic, practical science, horticulture, anthology books and the 25 tradition landscape-related historic documents categorized as the garden painting data were found. And the kings from ancient era to Choseon Dynasty who were associated with the time of palace garden building, the builders or owners of the villas, the authors of the document and Chinese scholars also appeared. Third, there were no the questions of prehistoric times and Balhae Kingdom, whereas those of Choseon Dynasty were dominantly focused. Among the traditional sites of Choseon Dynasty, Byeolseo(villas) were set most, followed by Dosung or Gung-gweol(castle towns or palaces), houses, Nu Jeong Dea(pavilions) and Seowon(local schools) in order. Nak-an eupseong and Yong-ju sa were the only cases for a castle town and a temple each. Fourth, being associated with tradition spaces, the questions asked for understanding the detailed contents of time of sites' construction, builders, location features, building structures, ground plan types and the components s of garden. In addition, as a result of checking whether traditional landscape sites were shown in the set questions in 9 Korean Landscape textbooks, Dongchundang, Pungamjeonsa, Simgogseowon did not appeared. As a result of reviewing the tendency of the examination questions for History of Korean Landscape Architecture, the questions which ask minor facts without generality and which include difficult information and site uncomprehended in the textbook should be reconsidered.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.128-136
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• 2018

This study was centered on the protested data of the issue of "History of Landscape Architecture" in the handwritten course of landscaping articles of National Qualifications Test. The purpose of this study is to examine the types of social problems in the process of correcting erroneous historical facts. The purpose of this study was to find alternatives for the development of the field of landscape and culture history that can assist in the verification of the historical facts of the landscape sciences examination questions. The main results are as follows. First, as a result of analyzing the contents of the landscape architects' subject matter, the establishment of concept of landscape style and form and the confirmation of historical facts were investigated as important types to be established for development of landscape landscape history department. It seems that the social consensus of the expert group is needed to supplement the lack of data to refer to landscape architectural theory. Second, the analysis of the problematic narrative contents resulted in a total of five types of questionnaires. The appeared in the Undefined style and form(52.94%), Unproven historical facts(25.13%), Obscurity Era classification(11.77%), Lack of specificity(6.95%), Content scope of obscurity events(3.21%) Third, it is not only the lack of information to learn the theory by comparing and analyzing the contents of the statements in the landscape architect 's question items, but also the difference of contents between books was analyzed as the main cause of the problem. As a result of examining the characteristics and examples of the issues raised in landscape architectural problems, it was related to the social phenomenon, and it was classified into cultural factors and political factors. Fourth, the resolution of problematic issues in landscape architects' landscaping articles, which are national technical qualification tests, shows positive results. The information determined in the process of solving the perceived content can be used directly in landscaping field, and it helps the accuracy of the verification process by identifying the types and characteristics of the issues.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.38-53
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• 2001

The main purpose of this study was to present the basic materials that help the nursing of the infants and consultation of childcare by examinating the knowledge and practice of the mothers about the weaning diet. The data for this study was collected from 205 mothers with infants(6-36 months) who visited two hospitals or one university hospital in Seoul, who were living in one apartment Suwon area between July. 7. and September 10, 2000. The 57 questionnaires were used for collecting the data and SAS program was used to analyse the data. The results are as follows. 1. The items of low score in the result of the knowledge data were as follows. [Initial weaning time, the important nutritional problem in infant, considering factor during feeding, the relation of proper weaning food & age, the time of used by cup, to apply of proper spicies in weaning food, the time of completing weaning, the time of stopping weaning at abnormal sign, and the inappopriate reason of dry mixed powdered food (Sunsik) as a weaning food.] 2. Higher educated mothers presented more high score than lower educated mothers in the knowledge about the weaning. (p<0.05) 3. Before the weaning, more mothers were using the commercial milk (51.2%) than the breast milk (13.2%). 4. Mothers get the knowledge about the weaning from the infants care book of cook books(26.4%). 68% of mothers had not received any consulting service with regard to the weaning, 10.2% of them consulted Pediatrician about the weaning and 0.5% of them with nurse. 5. Most mothers began supplymentary food, from four to six months (65.4%). the ratio was about the same as the ratio of mothers who knEw the appropriate time for the introduction of supplymentary food(83.2%) 6. The main solid food was commercial food, not home-prepared food. 7. Higher educated mothers used home-prepared weaning food more often than lower educated mothers(P<0.05). 8. The used rate by spoon was 57.4%, but the rate of mother's knowledge data was 95.0%. 9. The time of completing the weaning was in 12-18 months(53.8%). It is similar to the mother's knowledge data(52.7%) Conclusion ; According to knowledge data, it turns out that most mothers know moderatly about the weaning (everage 60/100). However their knowledge and practice on the methods & procedures on the weaning were inadquate. Especially, most mothers did not consult with those qualification about the weaning. Therefore, the role of the nurse as a provider of information on the weaning should be emphasized with varied educational programs in many health care center.

• Korean Journal of Child Education & Care
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.105-121
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• 2018

Objective: The objective of this study was to explore the perceptions of pre-service teachers regarding their self-image as early childhood teachers, according to their grade. The subject of this study were 167 university students in early childhood department in Jeonnam province. Methods: In order to examine self-image as early childhood teachers, semantic differential meaning scale that was consist of 40 bipolar adjective items was administrated. Data were analysed by Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA). Results: First, pre-service teachers had positive self image as early childhood teacher. Second, according to grades the appreciation self image as early childhood teacher showed significant difference. To be more specific and are revealed significantly distinctness. But, score was not distinct by grade, and mean score of was lower than mean score of other area scores. Third, self image as early childhood teacher displayed the positively developing, that is to say, the image of early childhood teachers definitely changed by grade in teacher training course. Conclusion/Implications: The effect brought about this study indicate that the need of support socio-political concern for early childhood teachers and try to form positive teachers' image through organized in-service education.