• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.83 no.3
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• pp.175-184
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• 2020

Quantitative sputum cytometry facilitates in assessing the nature of bronchitis associated with exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This is not assessed in most clinical trials that evaluate the effectiveness of strategies to prevent or to treat exacerbations. While up to a quarter of exacerbations may be associated with raised eosinophil numbers, the vast majority of exacerbations are associated with neutrophilic bronchitis that may indicate airway infections. While eosinophilia may be a predictor of response to corticosteroids (oral and inhaled), the limited efficacy of anti-interleukin 5 therapies would suggest that eosinophils may not directly contribute to those exacerbations. However, they may contribute to airspace enlargement in patients with COPD through various mechanisms involving the interleukin 13 and matrix metalloprotease pathways. The absence of eosinophils may facilitate in limiting the unnecessary use of corticosteroids. The presence of neutrophiia could prompt an investigation for the specific pathogens in the airway. Additionally, sputum measurements may also provide insight into the mechanisms of susceptibility to airway infections. Iron within sputum macrophages, identified by hemosiderin staining (and by more direct quantification) may impair macrophage functions while the low levels of immunoglobulins in sputum may also contribute to airway infections. The assessment of sputum at the time of exacerbations thus would facilitate in customizing treatment and treat current exacerbations and reduce future risk of exacerbations.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.38-47
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• 2010

Builders in Korea are facing significant challenges in the midst of deteriorating market conditions resulting from recent financial crunch and slumping housing sales, etc. To address such changes in management landscape, enterprise organizations need to build an efficient corporate management organization than can ensure prompt and flexible response to changes in surroundings. However, most of them base their management organization on business type and volume due to insufficient understanding and analysis of organization. Top 30 construction companies in Korea have their own management organizations and business structures let alone different competitive edges and challenges. Therefore, this paper attempts to examine the current status of management and organization of construction companies to understand their operational achievements and organizational features in and effort to develop an efficient management strategy and provide inputs contributory to establishment of corporate management organization.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.61-72
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• 2017

Due to the climate change, damages of human life and property caused by natural disaster have recently been increasing consistently. In South Korea, total damage by natural disasters over 20 years from 1994 to 2013 is about 1.0 million dollars. The 13% of total damage caused by heavy snow. This is smaller amount than the damage by heavy rainfall or typhoon, but still could cause severe damage in the society. In this study, the snow damage in Gangwon region was estimated using climate variables (daily maximum snow depth, relative humidity, minimum temperature) and scoio-economic variables (Farm population density, GRDP). Multiple regression analysis with enter method was applied to estimate snow damage. As the results, adjusted R-square is above 0.7 in some sub-regions and shows the good applicability although the extreme values are not predicted well. The developed model might be applied for the prompt disaster response.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.14D no.7
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• pp.829-840
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• 2007

Dirty Data Cleansing technique so far have aimed to integrate large amount of data from various sources and manage data quality resided in DB so that it enables to extract meaningful information. Prompt response to varying environment is required in order to persistently survive in rapidly changing business environment and the age of limitless competition. As system requirement is recently getting complexed, Service Oriented Architecture is proliferated for the purpose of integration and implementation of massive distributed system. Therefore, SOA necessarily needs Data Exchange among services through Data Cleansing Technique. In this paper, we executed quality management of XML data which is transmitted through events between services while they are integrated as a sole system. As a result, we developed Dirty Data Cleansing Service based on SOA as focusing on data cleansing between interactive services rather than cleansing based on detection of data error in DB already integrated.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.6 no.9
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• pp.2479-2492
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• 1999

Network management system(NMS) provides not only effective monitoring and controlling of network which consists of heterogeneous network elements but prompt response to users' need for high-level communication services. Recommendations of ITU-T and ISO stipulate the managerial abstraction of static and dynamic characteristics of network elements, management functions as well as management communication protocol. But the current description method does not provide the formal mechanism for the behavior characteristics of managed objects in clear manner but in natural language form, the complete specification of managed objects is not fully described. In this paper, we describe determinants for the behaviour of managed objects applicable to every managed object, and present a language for specifying behavioral aspects of managed objects based on their temporal and active properties.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.49-55
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• 2009

Peritonitis is a serious problem in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis. Rarely pneumatosis intestinalis can occur as a complication of this infectious process. Pneumatosis intestinalis is a potential life threatening condition with a challenging management. The mortality of peritoneal dialysis patients with pneumalosis intestinalis secondary to mesenteric ischemia is almost 100%. We describe a rare case of pneumatosis intestinalis in a peritoneal dialysis patient who developed Staphylococcus aureus peritonitis which was initially treated with appropriate antibiotics. Since initial response to therapy was not achieved, an abdominal computerized tomography was done which revealed a pneumatosis intestinalis. A laparotomy was performed and small bowel necrosis was seen. A segmental resection with ileostomy, jejunostomy was done. Though surgical treatment was performed, the patient died in 2 weeks after admission. Pneumocystitis intestinalis in peritoneal dialysis peritonitis is a uncommon complication which requires prompt evaluation to rule out mesenteric ischemia as it carries a high mortality and its management will be surgical.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.53 no.10
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• pp.3275-3285
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• 2021

A Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) is a complex dynamic system-of-systems with highly nonlinear behaviors. In order to control the plant operation under both normal and abnormal conditions, the different systems in NPPs (e.g., the reactor core components, primary and secondary coolant systems) are usually monitored continuously, resulting in very large amounts of data. This situation makes it possible to integrate relevant qualitative and quantitative knowledge with artificial intelligence techniques to provide faster and more accurate behavior predictions, leading to more rapid decisions, based on actual NPP operation data. Data-driven models (DDM) rely on artificial intelligence to learn autonomously based on patterns in data, and they represent alternatives to physics-based models that typically require significant computational resources and might not fully represent the actual operation conditions of an NPP. In this study, a feed-forward backpropagation artificial neural network (ANN) model was trained to simulate the interaction between the reactor core and the primary and secondary coolant systems in a pressurized water reactor. The transients used for model training included perturbations in reactivity, steam valve coefficient, reactor core inlet temperature, and steam generator inlet temperature. Uncertainties of the plant physical parameters and operating conditions were also incorporated in these transients. Eight training functions were adopted during the training stage to develop the most efficient network. The developed ANN model predictions were subsequently tested successfully considering different new transients. Overall, through prompt prediction of NPP behavior under different transients, the study aims at demonstrating the potential of artificial intelligence to empower rapid emergency response planning and risk mitigation strategies.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.12 no.10
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• pp.71-79
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• 2021

In the manufacturing industry, there is a transition to multi-item production for reinforcement of competitiveness. Therefore, the hybrid manufacturing technology is increasing. Especially, many efforts in production quality improvement are made through the adoption of the manufacturing execution system and ERP, so it is necessary to operate MES for prompt and effective management. MES should improve ineffective parts in production activities while managing all stages related to production of products. If there is change in the process, the changed items should be reflected to the system. However, most manufacturing execution systems are operated passively and repetitively by system administrators. This study presents a model that system administrators can comprehensively apply reference information about production related requirements on specific line's equipment to the same equipment of other lines. The flexible response for application to production lines is possible thanks to the division of blanket application and selective application of reference information through proposed model.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.207-214
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• 2019

Objectives: Medically compromised patients often fear required dental surgical procedures that can increase the risk of medical emergency when combined with reduced tolerance for stress. A stress reduction protocol (SRP) helps doctors minimize treatment-related stress and improves patient management with minimum complications. Diabetes and co-morbid hypertension carry 4-fold risk of aggravation of cardiovascular emergencies and 7.2-fold risk of mortality. Diabetic neuropathy can result in difficult diagnosis of myocardial infarction and reduces chances of surviving a myocardial infarction compared with a non-diabetic person. The aim of the study was to assess the feasibility of a protocol for management of patients having both diabetes and hypertension who required minor oral surgery to minimize the rate of cardiovascular emergencies. Materials and Methods: A prospective study was conducted in 140 patients having both diabetes and hypertension who required minor oral surgical procedures. A systematic approachable protocol was designed for management of such patients. Results: Among 140 patients, 6 patients (4.3%) had cardiovascular complications, while 3 patients (1 with syncope and 2 with hypertension) did not require any intervention other than observation. Two patients were managed with aspirin and nitroglycerin, and 1 patient had possible myocardial infarction (overall incidence 0.7%) with chest pain, S-T segment elevation on electrocardiogram, and troponin level of 0.60 ng/mL. Conclusion: The proposed protocol helps to improve management of patients having both diabetes and hypertension. We recommend that patients with uncontrolled diabetes and uncontrolled hypertension and/or patients having history of cardiovascular complication should be treated in a medical facility with a readily available cardiology unit. This facilitates prompt response to emergency and instant implementation of treatment, helping to reduce morbidity and mortality.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.45-52
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• 2018

As the era of the 4th Industrial Revolution has progressed and the information and communication technologies have developed dramatically, the cyber threats will gradually become more intelligent and sophisticated. Therefore, in order to take systematic and prompt action in case of an accident while preparing measures against the threat, the role of intelligence agency is important. However, Korea is having difficulty in responding to the threats due to the lack of support for the national cybersecurity bill or the amendment bill of the National Intelligence Service. In this paper, I examine the cybersecurity function of the intelligence agency, the recent debate trends, and implications for the role of intelligence agency in our current situation. And then I intend to suggest some measures such as concentration on information gathering and analysis, enhancement of cyber threat prediction and response capacity, and strengthening of legal basis as a way to establish the role of intelligence agency for reinforcement of cybersecurity performance system.