• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
• /
• v.19 no.spc
• /
• pp.74-77
• /
• 2011

The production practices, productivity and economic performance of organic and non-chemical rice farming were compared in Jeonnam Province, Korea. Korean organic rice farming showed a lack of use of resistant varieties and rotational cropping systems as well as less use of farm wastes and a high dependency upon external inputs. When compared with no-chemical rice production practices very little differences were found. However, organic rice farming showed 15% to 18% higher profits than no-chemical farming even though the productivity was arguably similar between the two farming types. This may encourage more farmers to convert to organic production rather than non-chemical farming as the farming practices are very similar, thereby resulting in increased supply of organic products and decreased prices for organic rice near future. There is a need to more greatly differentiate organic farming practices and products from those of no-chemical farming.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
• /
• 2005.10a
• /
• pp.1216-1222
• /
• 2005

A shortage of construction field workers has been a serious problem, both in the developed and in the developing countries. As a solution for conquering this problem, these countries import foreign laborers from nearby less-developed countries. While this contributes to lessening the labor deficiency, foreign workers are relatively inefficient in productivity and are often exposed to the cross-cultural risks due to cultural differences, communication difficulties, different work ethics and customs, etc. Despite these facts, construction firms do not well address these issues and are lagged in establishing an appropriate management strategy against it. This paper presents a practical management plan for foreign construction workers through Focus Group Interviews (FGI) and survey investigation. On this basis, this study examines the level of awareness and important managerial aspects of the issue of foreign laborers. Finally, it suggests a cross-cultural and ready-to-use practical human resource management plan for facilitating the foreign worker's productivity.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
• /
• 1999.11a
• /
• pp.107-114
• /
• 1999

The large-scale distribution of crops Is usually determined by climate. We present the results of a climate-crop prediction based on spatial bio-physical process model approach, implemented in a GIS (Geographic Information System) environment using several regional and global agriculture-environmental databases. The model utilizes daily climate data like temperature, rainfall, solar radiation being generated stocastically by in-built model weather generator to determine the daily biomass and finally the crop yield. Crops are characterized by their specific growing period requirements, photosynthesis, respiration properties and harvesting index properties. Temperature and radiation during the growing period controls the development of each crop. The model simulates geographic/spatial distribution of climate by which a crop-growing belt can also be determined. The model takes both irrigated and non-irrigated area crop productivity into account and the potential increase in productivity by the technical means like mechanization is not considered. All the management input given at the base year 1995 was kept same for the next twenty-year changes until 2015. The simulated distributions of crops under current climatic conditions coincide largely with the current agricultural or specific crop growing regions. Simulation with assumed weather generated derived climate change scenario illustrate changes in the agricultural potential. There are large regional differences in the response across the country. The north-south and east-west regions responded differently with projected climate changes with increased and decreased productivity depending upon the crops and scenarios separately. When water was limiting or facilitating as non-irrigated and irrigated area crop-production effects of temperature rise and higher $CO_2$ levels were different depending on the crops and accordingly their production. Rise in temperature led to yield reduction in case of maize and rice whereas a gain was observed for wheat crop, doubled $CO_2$ concentration enhanced yield for all crops and their several combinations behaved differently with increase or decrease in yields. Finally, with this spatial modeling approach we succeeded in quantifying the crop productivity which may bring regional disparities under the different climatic scenarios where one region may become better off and the other may go worse off.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
• /
• v.29 no.1
• /
• pp.125-136
• /
• 2021

In this study, a meta-analysis was performed to determine the correlation between the expression of tight junction protein in the intestine and the productivity of broiler chickens. A total of 9 papers were selected in which the result values consisted of the mean and standard deviation value, and the standardized mean difference was calculated to compare the mean of the control and treatment groups. A meta-regression test was conducted to determine the effect of each type of tight junction protein. The TJPs observed in each study were claudin1, claudin2, claudin3, occludin, ZO1, ZO2, etc., and the indicators to indicate the productivity of broilers were body weight gain (BWG), feed intake (FI), and feed conversion rate (FCR), average daily feed intake (ADFI), average daily gain (ADG), and feed/gain ratio (FPG). Although there are differences depending on the type of TJP, it was found that the change in expression level had a close effect on the productivity of broilers. In particular, occludin significantly correlated with body weight gain, feed intake, and feed conversion rate. Based on the results of this study, a study on a method to effectively increase the expression level of TJP is expected to contribute to improving the productivity of broilers and producing safe livestock products.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
• /
• v.24 no.2
• /
• pp.37-49
• /
• 2023

In this study, we proposed resource allocation methodologies to improve the productivity of steel bridge manufacturing plants based on the constraint theory which is very popular in the area of manufacturing industries. To this end, after defining the painting process as a bottleneck, three resource allocation methodologies were developed: Operation Specific Resource Allocation (OSRA), Product Specific Resource Allocation (PSRA), and General Resource Allocation (GRA). As a result of experiments for performance evaluation using a simulation model of the steel bridge supply chain, GRA showed the best performance in terms of the Number of Work-In-Process (NWIP) and Waiting Time (WT), in particular, as workload itself and its variability were increased, the performance gap with the specific resource allocation became further deepened. On average, GRA reduced NWIP by 36.2% and WT by 34.6% compared to OSRA, and reduced NWIP by 71.0% and WT by 70.4% compared to PSRA. The reduction of NWIP and WT means alleviating the bottleneck of the painting process, which eventually means that the productivity of the steel bridge manufacturing plant has improved.

• Korea Trade Review
• /
• v.41 no.5
• /
• pp.353-371
• /
• 2016

The purpose of this paper is to examine the structural change of Korean manufacturing industries and the differences of total factor productivity(TFP) between exporting industries and import substituting industries in Korean manufacturing industry from 1980 to 2013. The empirical results show that over half of total 13 industries have experienced changes of direction from import to export or export to import, which implies that there was a considerable structural change in Korean manufacturing industry. The output growth rates are higher in exporting industries than in import substituting industries. All industries employ more capital than labor during the period, which means that production methodology in Korean industries changes to a more capital intensive one. Finally, the growth rate of total factor productivity is higher in exporting industries than in import substituting industries, and it is also proved in panel regression analysis.

• Animal Bioscience
• /
• v.37 no.3
• /
• pp.536-546
• /
• 2024

Objective: This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of grain-based pecking blocks on productivity and welfare status at two commercial broiler welfare-certified farms. Methods: Production and welfare indicators were assessed at two farms (designated Farm A and B). Both farms had two windowless houses with forced tunnel-type ventilation and housed broilers at stocking densities of approximately 16.7 birds/m² (Farm A) and 16.8 birds/m² (Farm B). Each house was divided into two or three equal sections and was provided with or without pecking blocks. Grain-based pecking blocks, measuring 25 × 25 × 25 cm, were given to broilers in both farms at 1 block per 1,000 birds. Various parameters including productivity (body weight and flock uniformity), corticosterone levels (in fecal droppings and feathers), footpad dermatitis, hock burn, feather dirtiness, gait score, litter quality, body surface temperature, and volatile fatty acids in fecal samples were assessed at 26 days of age, whereas litter quality was analyzed at 13 and 26 days of age. Results: There were no significant effects of providing pecking blocks on productivity (body weight and uniformity), fecal and feather corticosterone, welfare indicators (i.e., footpad dermatitis, hock burn, feather cleanliness, and gait score), and litter quality (i.e., moisture, nitrogen, and pH). No differences in body surface temperature between the control and enrichment treatments were noted in Farm B, but body surface temperatures of the head (p = 0.029) and legs (p = 0.011) in the enrichment vs. control group were elevated in Farm A. Butyrate concentration in the enrichment vs control group was higher in Farm B (p = 0.023), but this effect was not detected in Farm A. Conclusion: It is concluded that grain-based pecking blocks did not affect performance and welfare indicators. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the potential impact of grain-based pecking blocks on gut health indicators.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
• /
• v.86 no.3
• /
• pp.365-377
• /
• 1997

Much of the Cumberland Plateau of Tennessee, USA is in mixed hardwoods for which there are no applicable growth and yield predictors. Use of site index as a variable in growth and yield prediction models is limited in most stands because their history is not known and many may not be even-aged. Landtypes may offer an alternative to site index for these mixed stands because they were designed to include land of about equal productivity. To determine vegetation by landtype, dependency between landtype and detailed forest type was tested with Chi-square. Differences in productivity among landtypes were tested by employing regression analyses and analysis of variance(ANOVA). Basal area growth was fitted to the nonlinear models developed by Moser and Hall(1969). Basal area growth and volume growth were also predicted as a function of initial total basal area and initial volume with linear regression by landtype and by landtype class. Differences in basal area growth and volume growth by landtype were tested with ANOVA. Dependency between site class and landtype was tested with Chi-square. Vegetation types seem to be related to landtypes in the study area although the validity of the test is questionable because of a high proportion of sparsely occupied cells. No statistically significant differences in productivity among landtypes were found in this study.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
• /
• v.21 no.2
• /
• pp.271-282
• /
• 2013

This experiments was conducted to investigate the influence on organic rice cultivation by continuous use of cow manure in the central region of Korea and investigated productivity of organic rice and feed value, stock carrying capacity of organic rice straw. In the results, application of chemical fertilizer showed higher one of 1st and 2nd year in fresh matter yield (15.77, 30.30ton/ha), dry matter yield (9.90, 13.89 ton/ha), dry matter yield of rice straw (4.88, 7.15ton/ha), dry matter weight of kernel per plant (29.81, 39.99g) and number of kernel per plant (1212.58, 1701units), but there were not significantly differences with each experimental plots in 3rd year. And harvest index showed higher one in application of chemical fertilizer (0.52, 0.48, 0.43) until 3 years. But their quantitative difference between application of chemical fertilizer and cow manure was gradually decreased each year. And the average value of $K_{CP}$ and $K_{TDN}$ showed higher one in application of chemical fertilizer (2.01, 2.94, 1.95 head/ha/yr) until 3 years. However, quantitative difference between chemical fertilizer and cow manure was gradually decreased each year. Especially, application of cow manure showed higher value of 3rd year in $K_{ME}$, but there was not significantly difference with each experimental plots. According to the results, continuous use of cow manure will be reduced their quantitative differences between chemical fertilizer as the year progress in the central region of Korea in terms of productivity of organic rice and feed value, stock carrying capacity of organic rice straw.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
• /
• v.4 no.2
• /
• pp.172-181
• /
• 2001

This is a paper to understand the economic effects of the measurement standards by translog cost function. The data, as of the end of 1998, are from a survey of 514 firms in Korean industry. The analysis is compared to that of 1992 data analysis to check the trend. There are a little differences on the estimated coefficients, but there is no basic difference on trend of economic effects. The Investment on measurement standards have been contributed positively on the major managerial indicators such as productivity, profit, and so on.