• Journal of architectural history
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.27-40
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to comprehend the procurement system of iron materials and the production process of ironwork in royal tombs constructions in the later Joseon period. For this purpose, sixteen Sanneung-uigwes were analyzed. The following conclusions have been reached through the study. First, it was procuring five types of iron materials in constructions of royal tombs. Sincheol had been supplied up to the mid-18th century. On the other hand, the amount of jeongcheol was increased rapidly. Because of the procurement system of initial tools was changed from bokjeong(a kind of tribute) to self-production in the Noyaso. Second, the government stockpiles were utilized as much as possible than bokjeong to manage the limited construction period and sudden construction start. Third, before moving the site of tombs, the melting furnace was installed in the Gungisi(armament factory). The amount of the melting furnace was increased from 5 to 8 since producing the initial tools in the Noyaso. Fourth, six kinds of master artisans were worked in the field of producing ironwork. Metal worker was assigned to one person per melting furnace. Fifth, the quality of final iron materials was controlled by use. Since the 19th century, it had been produced enhanced ironwork.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.106-113
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• 2013

Since the 1960's, diverse movements that oppose the uniform design tendency of modernism appears in Italy. Especially, Gaetano Pesce, who opposed uniformity and standardization that are based on mass production system, had interests in making unique product, not an identical product, while accepting modern production technology. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to comprehend Pesce's design, which creates diversity by arranging contingent, non-predictive, and episodic aspects in creative and acceptance processes according to the intension of the designer within mass production system, as a non-representational characteristic, which appears widely in modern thought and the arts, and examine how it is materialized in detailed design work. The study methods are first examining non-representation with theoretical contemplation and dealing with the design philosophy of Pesce based on the examination. Next, in order to discover non-representational characteristics that appear in the work of Pesce, it examines from introducing worker's creativity, user's possibility of choice, openness in the working process, and the aspects of researching materials. And a specific application method will be drawn through case analysis centered on furniture design. Gaetano Pesce's design that denies the world of representation based on the sameness comes to possess non-representational characteristics that acknowledge contingency and ceaselessly create difference by intentionally arranging during the working process.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.159-164
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• 2015

Purpose: Recently, environmental pollution and safety problems in agricultural production have become important issues. Initially, bio-production machines focused on high production efficiency rather than workers' safety and comfort, but this trend slowly has changed as time went on. Methods: This study was carried out to identify sound efficiently and reliably for noise reduction by using a combine cabin model. Ethylene propylene diene monomer (M-class) rubber (EPDM) was applied to improve noise reduction performance from parts connected directly to the front, rear, left side, and bottom side of the cabin. Results: As a result, an average noise reduction of 1.85 dB was achieved in the normal hearing range between 500 Hz to 2 kHz. Conclusions: Reducing the cabin noise levels can reduce a worker's fatigue, improve working environment, and contribute to future low-noise and high-quality cabin environment.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.171-178
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• 2013

Workers are avoiding production/manufacturing sites due to the poor working environment and concern over safety. Small and medium-sized businesses introduce new equipment to secure safety in the production site or ensure effective process management by introducing the real-time monitoring technique for existing equipment. The importance of real-time monitoring of equipment and process in the production site can also be found in the ANSI/ISA-195 model. Note, however, that most production sites still use paper-based work slip as a process management technique. Data reliability may deteriorate because information on the present condition of the production site cannot be collected/analyzed properly due to manual data writing by the worker. This paper introduces the monitoring and process management technique based on a direct facility interface to secure safety in the field by improving the poor working environment and enhance there liability and real-time characteristics of the production data. Since the data is collected from equipment in real-time directly through the SIB-based interface and PLC-based interface, problems associated with workers' manual data input are expected to be solved; safety can also be improved by enhancing workers' attention to work by minimizing workers' injuries and disruption.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.179-184
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• 2013

An accident from machine work is often fatal to the worker. This accident is mostly preventable through perfect process jig. In case of this machine work, however, the disaster frequently occurred because of the design which is not considered the beginning of product design, post-process and mass process of production. As for sand casting method, this has the merits of the production; the product is easily produced by manual labor. On the other hand, this method has the demerits of a bigger dimensional error contrary to other mass process of production. When the sand casting product is in machine work, there are various problems such as unsafe fix and excessive cutting, product desorption and rapid life depreciation of equipment and tools. Considering the characteristics of sand casting method, it is accepted as difficulty to improve the problems. In this study, it suggests shell mold method for mold instead of the machine work after the sand casting of the circle shape container product. And the surface accomplishes the following average of surface roughness Ra$9.94{\mu}m$ of machine work with the casting of flask mold by shell mold method. In accordance with the simplification of processing process and reducing the average thickness variation by mass production of product with detailed appearance, it has a good influence on safety accident prevention caused by production and damaged product. It is confirmed that making higher degree of size precision of all machine work product is possible to increase the safety and productivity, reduce the processing process and improve environment.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.198-202
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• 2008

Manufacturing process of large-scale 3D computer animation is becoming sophistication, ramification because of development of manufacturing technique and extravagant budget. Form of manufacturing pipeline has been variously changed to production type, manufacturing scale, manufacturing form. But it is time that renewed discussion is needed because change and development for the organization is insufficient in small manufacturing company. The project aims to try to help understanding for manufacturing pipeline of internal small-scale 3D animation and to find a plan of organization for internal small-scale production of the real situation. Organization model and methodology of manufacturing pipeline of small manufacturing company is not absolute because it is enough possible to be changed to inclination of the project and its environment. People must fully understand the purpose for organization of manufacturing pipeline of 3D computer animation and it must be organized to the situation for small-scale production so that every worker in production can share the information perfectly.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2012.11a
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• pp.279-280
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• 2012

The Construction Standard Production Unit(CSPU) has been used for the standard cost estimate in public and private construction projects. However, It is questionable if the reliability and/or authenticity of the system is acceptable due to the lack of consistent enactment and/or revision procedures. This study identifies informational conditions and issues relative to using daily work report as a data collection method for enacting and/or revising CSPU system, and establishes the measures for improving the daily work report. This study aims on the information constitution of daily job-site report, daily manpower report, wages register for specialty contractors. According to the research results, most of necessary data were included in a daily job-site report. In conclusion, it is investigated that data of daily manpower report and wage register need to be included in a daily job-site report for understanding the current state of worker in the future.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Environmental Toocicology Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.160-161
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• 2003

In Korea, 1, 357 tonnes of benzoyl peroxide was produced as a white granule with purities ranging 22 to 95％ in 2001. 75% of benzoyl peroxide is mainly used in the manufacture of expandable styrene polymer and other resins as initiators of polymerization and also been used in the treatment of acne vulgaris and the medical product contains mainly 5 to 10% of it. A very small portion of benzoyl Peroxide is used as flour bleaching agent, Potential human exposure from workplaces is expected to be negligible because this chemical is produced in closed system in only one company in Korea and when a production facility monitors its workplace for the worker exposure annually, the concentration of airborne aerosols at the personal sampling has been less than 1mg/㎥.

• Journal of Wellbeing Management and Applied Psychology
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.9-19
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• 2019

The uniqueness of labour as a factor of production is that labour services cannot be separated from the employee. However, since the object of sale is only the services of the employee, not an employee himself, the labour conditions, determined by the labour and collective agreements or other agreements concluded at other levels and within the current legislation, are equally important. Speaking as a subject of labour, a person can realize his or her labour potential by the way of self-employment, that means to act as an independent producer seller of their products. Another way of labour potential realization is hiring, that means offering of the services as a hired employee to the employer, who is the subject of ownership. In this case there is an exchange under the principle: qualification and working time of the worker - for wages and profits. Each enterprise is confronted with a set of goals, among them - economic and social leadership. For their achievement the company uses all the available arsenal of resources - material, land, financial, labour. This indicates the equivalence of all types of resources in achieving the goal. But this is not quite true, because every resource can be included in production only through the activity of labour and people. And this activity depends on the attitude of the company to its employees, the degree of their motivation and stimulation.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.624-633
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop and test a structural model on work-related musculoskeletal disorders of women workers. Method: Data were collected from 237 women workers from industries such as electronics, food production and garment production, and analyzed by LISREL 8.54. Result: The fitness indices of the model are GFI=.87, NNFI=.91, PNFI= .74. Eight out of the ten paths were proved to be statistically significant: work environment$\rightarrow$social support, work environment$\rightarrow$health behavior, work environment$\rightarrow$-WMSDs, domestic work$\rightarrow$health behavior, social support$\rightarrow$health behavior, social support$\rightarrow$job satisfaction, health behavior$\rightarrow$job satisfaction, and job satisfaction$\rightarrow$WMSDs. Work environment. social support, health behavior and job satisfaction significantly influenced WRMDs. WRMDs were accounted for 35% by the predictor variables. Conclusion: In conclusion, this study identifies that work environment, social support, health behavior and job satisfaction are important factors affecting WMSDs. Therefore, in order to prevent WRMDs, it is most important to improve both physical work environment for female workers such as appropriate work station and tools fit for them and psychological environment such as less job demand and more decision latitude(worker control).