• Structural Monitoring and Maintenance
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.25-42
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• 2023

Despite the significance of ports as critical economic infrastructure, the berth facilities usually deteriorate due to heavy loading, unloading, aging, environmental weather conditions, marine growths, and lack of efficient maintenance management. Marine berths require proactive maintenance management to limit deterioration and defects as no berth facility is maintenance-free. Thus, delay in carrying out maintenance work for the marine berths can be devastating to the operational process involving ship entry, loading, and unloading operations. The aim of this research is to coordinate both operations work, and maintenance works that take place inside the berth of a local industrial port in Saudi Arabia, by developing a novel framework that integrates both works without affecting the efficiency and functionality of the berth. The study focused on defining the operational process of the port and identifying the elements with direct and indirect effects. In addition to determining the priority for the entry of ships inside the berth, it also identified the factors involved in designing a framework that included maintenance work as a component of the monthly berth occupancy schedule. By applying a mathematical model, a framework was established, which includes all the important elements of the process. As a result of the mathematical method formulation process, a database was designed that organizes and coordinates the operations of all berths within the port. This creates time to carry out the required maintenance work monthly as well as ease of coordination with the contractors responsible for the implementation of those works.

• Architectural research
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.139-147
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to explore institutional frameworks to professionalize housing management in Korea. In particular, this research reviews the evolution of professional housing management and its institutional measures in a social constructionist perspective. The main method employed in the study is content analysis in which historical pathways in institutionalization of professional housing management are examined and a wide array of indices from secondary data are drawn out in relation to various actors. The findings show that a series of institutional measures were taken from 1970s to secure the professionalization of housing management ranging from introduction of housing management bylaws, placement of licensed housing managers, legal requirements of professionally managed housing estates, compulsory operation of long-term reserve funds, formation of residents' association, mandatory establishment of long-range maintenance planning, to standardization of multifamily housing management bylaws. Since the Multifamily Housing Management Ordinance of 1979 amended in 1980s, many institutional measures have been legally enforced and shaped contemporary practices of professional housing management such as an association for housing management companies, qualification of on-site housing management agents, national licensing examination for housing managers, an organization for licensed housing mangers, mandatory registration of housing management companies, disclosure of monthly housing management fees, and formalization of public assessment of housing management. In spite of the distinctive marks in the professionalization of housing management, more proactive and competitive approaches to the international professionalization need to be considered.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.41-51
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• 2019

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to investigate the effects of combined Joint Mobilization and Functional Electrical Stimulation on Muscle Activation and Mobility of ankle joints in stroke patients and their Modified Functional Reach Test (MFRT) results. METHODS: A total of 26 patients with stroke were randomly selected for enrollment in this study. (1) Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) (2) combined Joint Mobilization and FES. An EMG system was used to measure tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius activities. Range Of Motion (ROM) of Ankle Joint and MFRT for Dynamic Balance. Pre and post intervention results were compared by paired-t-tests and differences in changes after intervention between groups were identified by the independent t-test. RESULTS: The muscle activation, ROM, and MFRT differed significantly in the experimental group (p<.05). The ROM was significantly different for the active dorsiflexion pre and post intervention in the group that received FES alone (p<.05). CONCLUSION: The results of this study suggest use of a systematic program of proactive posture control to prevent dysfunction when planning interventions for ankle joints can help stroke patients walk efficiently.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.183-192
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• 2022

Function and performance degradation in tunnel structure can cause road's function loss, proactive maintenance is needed to prevent the initial damage from progressing to intensified damage. Inspection and diagnosis are implemented in accordance with regulations, but it does not fully reflect maintenance processes such as inspection and diagnosis, planning rehabilitation and carrying out. It was carried out for 5,540 cases inspection and diagnosis result in 1,728 tunnels was analyzed to suggest rational maintenance plan in this study.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.14 no.8
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• pp.9-17
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• 2023

Purpose: This study is to examine how modern art museums might develop into resilient, proactive, and adaptive enterprises. That implies that this study seeks to spur meaningful change by analyzing and comprehending the numerous facets of this issue, paving the path for a long-term future for contemporary art institutions worldwide. Research design, data and methodology: To achieve the purpose of this study, the current author has reviewed numerous relevant prior studies systemically. The technique used in this study was meticulously designed to guarantee accurate data collection and analysis, providing a thorough comprehension of the subject. An organized strategy was used, including finding, reviewing, and synthesizing earlier studies. Results: Based on the investigation of the current literature analysis, this study figured out four workable business models that might increase the prosperity of modern art museums. They result from a thorough examination of previous studies and these initiatives center on improving digital presence, enhancing community participation, diversifying revenue streams, and forming powerful alliances and partnerships. Conclusions: In sum, this study concludes that the use and integration of digital technology enable museums to reach a larger audience and open up opportunities for developing cutting-edge, interactive exhibitions that reflect modern patterns of participation and communication.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.213-224
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• 2023

As abnormal weather events due to climate change continue to rise, landslide damage is also increasing. Given the substantial time and financial resources required for post-landslide recovery, it becomes imperative to formulate a proactive response plan. In this regard, landslide susceptibility analysis has emerged as a valuable tool for establishing preemptive measures against landslides. Accordingly, this study conducted an annual landslide susceptibility analysis using the history of landslides that occurred over many years in the Jeolla region, and analyzed areas with a high potential for landslides in the Jeolla region. The analysis employed an ensemble model that amalgamated 10 data-based models, aiming to mitigate uncertainties associated with a single-model approach. Furthermore, based on the cumulative data regarding landslide susceptible areas, this research identified regions vulnerable to recurring landslide damage in Jeolla region and proposed specific strategies for utilizing this information at various levels, including local government initiatives, adaptation plan development, and development approval processes. In particular, this study outlined approaches for local government utilization, the determination of adaptation plan types, and considerations for development permits. It is anticipated that this research will serve as a valuable opportunity to underscore the significance of information concerning regions vulnerable to recurring landslide damage.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.77-86
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• 2024

Urban Air Mobility (UAM) is considered the future of transportation, offering solutions to urban challenges and reducing environmental issues through the use of electric power and leveraging the sky as a new transportation corridor. UAM has diverse applications, including passenger and goods transportation, emergency rescue operations, patient transfers, and urban tourism. Furthermore, it is poised to revolutionize the transportation landscape, impacting existing infrastructures such as roads and parking lots, along with autonomous vehicles. The UAM industry is anticipated to exert a significant impact on various sectors, including airframe manufacturing, the development of new materials (e.g., fuel cells and batteries), and even the defense industry, resulting in substantial economic benefits. Consequently, conducting proactive research and setting industry standards for UAM takeoff and landing infrastructure is crucial for securing market leadership. In this regard, the case of Pontoise-Cormeiles, France, stands out as it achieved the world's inaugural successful demonstration of a vertiport before the 2024 Olympics. This achievement has significant implications for our preparations for the commercialization of UAMs. Thus, a detailed review of the French vertiport construction case in this study will serve as a foundation for guiding the planning and operation of UAMs in South Korea, particularly in anticipation of upcoming demonstration tests.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.129-139
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• 2015

Parks in order to find the inspiration and implication from their construction. The research is focused on a few cross-sectional city wall parks, which are Huangchenggen city wall park, Ming city wall park and Yuandadu city wall park. to come to the conclusion, it defines the generic concept of city wall park, clarifies the transitional process of the city of Beijing, organize the current situation and basis of the construction of the Beijing city wall parks. besides, by analyzing the Beijing city wall parks' specific construction manners including the basis of their planning, the support by government, planning functionality, landscape theme arrangement and gardening arrangement, the research puts forwards their construction characters and drawbacks. through comprehensive analysis on the aspects above, a series of inspirations are obtained for the construction of city wall parks. these include: specialized and legally valid regulation systems need to be setup before planning; government and citizens' proactive support is necessary for the protection of ancient city wall ruins and the construction of the city wall parks; when planning, existing situation should be utilized to the maximum extent, efficiency of space usage should be improved through smooth connection between different spacial locations.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.45-52
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• 2008

For the domestic digital contents, it is particularly important that the planning and mediating functions should cover the whole Industries so that dividends and assistance to reach all the way back to the primary contents-creating level, where economic risks are especially high. A proactive cooperation system or framework between the government, the businesses and research institutions, which would allow for free flow of interaction among these players, can play that role. We can broadly define cooperation frameworks into two; one between the central and the local governments and another among private-sector groups, such as companies, associations and groups. These players in the framework have differing, sometimes, conflicting views regarding the digital contents industry whether the digital contents should aim for skilled applicability or the abstract or whether the emphasis should rest on public interest or profitability. Immature competition and lack of trust among these players also give rise to such inefficiencies as overlap in investments, inexpertness and inefficient use of resources. We have proposed and realized the National Integrated Cooperation System to bridge these gaps among the major players in the industry. The National Integrated Cooperation System rests on the following major functions. The first major function of the NICS is to decipher any ambiguity that may be embedded in external Inputs by stratified role and bias. The second function is to create cooperative groups that will deal with the ambiguities based on its consequent situation. The third is a feedback function that will draw out a new cooperative way by re-feeding the capacities and the conflicts that stem from the existing organizations and strategies into cooperation and adjustment process. Our NICS has compared and evaluated with England and Australia digital content industry models under AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process) method. NICS has turned out to be well designed and have strong points based on OECD innovation and cooperation criteria.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.49-57
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• 2012

Large-scale collapse happened under excavation construction in the past. But, recently the trend that it is completed safely to minimize damages is growing because of increasing levels of design review and detecting signs of problems before the outbreak of large-scale collapse with proactive planning of measurement. In this paper, through studying case collapses over the past, it put the cause of the collapse in order. And then, after reviewing general information on management and utilization of measurement methods which importantly emerging recently, the type and cause of the problem during the excavation was reviewed. And the causes of problem were analyzed by targeting the site which unusual symptoms happened on measuring results under construction. In this study, the awareness that measurement management and subsurface investigation is highly important will increase for preventing large-scale collapse in advance.