• Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.45-58
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• 2022

This study intends to compare the factors influencing the location of international schools on apartment sales and monthly rent prices for Songdo International School in Incheon, which has a history of more than 10 years. At the latest point, 10 years after the opening of the school, apartments in areas near international schools are divided into sales and monthly rent markets and analyzed. Songdo International City, designed as a planned city, was set as a spatial scope, and 2018-19, which is a relatively stable real estate period, was set as a temporal analysis period to avoid the overheating period of real estate after COVID-19. Considering the urban image of the "New Special Education Zone," such as the opening of Songdo Campus by private academies formed around international schools and domestic and foreign universities, the multiple regression model was applied based on the traditional Hedonic price model. As a result of the empirical analysis, first, differences in the price determinants of sales and monthly rent were confirmed. Second, the price influence of international schools was much higher than that of the variables. Third, the influence of international schools was more pronounced in the monthly rent market than in the sales market.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.8
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• pp.467-481
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• 2022

What are the implications for us through the discussion on the effect of Germany's dual system of vocational education on the youth unemployment rate? You can find out what kind of evaluation Germany is receiving on the dual system vocational education system implemented based on the 'Vocational Education and Training Act' (Berufsbildungsgesetz), and the specific system establishment form for the industry-academic-government cooperation system. It was possible to present the crises and problems of these systems. Responsibility for the dual system of vocational education in Germany rests with the national and state ministries of education, and private enterprises and chambers of commerce are responsible for business practices. Practical work in a company is conducted through skill-oriented education, and in vocational schools, competency-oriented theoretical education is received. In addition, the necessity and demand for digital vocational and education training in accordance with German Idustrie 4.0 and higher vocational education degree acquisition through dual-degree courses were identified. It can be seen that the youth unemployment rate is the lowest in Europe due to the successful development and utilization of human resources to improve the competitiveness of companies, such as dual vocational education and training (VET) at all levels, higher vocational education at universities, and continuing vocational education programs. Vocational education in Korea will also be able to improve the unemployment rate by establishing a system that allows schools and businesses to conduct vocational education and training simultaneously. In particular, it was possible to judge the necessity of 'close consultation between labor, management, and government', which we consider the most important and should lead to in-depth discussion and cooperation for dual education between vocational schools and companies.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.389-399
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• 2023

Recently, there has been a growing focus on the Entrepreneurial Intention of Chinese College Students as a key driver of motivational behavior. However, previous research has provided limited analysis on the actual impact of Social Support on the Entrepreneurial Intention of Chinese College Students. The purpose of this study is to enhance the Entrepreneurial Intention of Chinese College Students and to ascertain the mediating effect of Career Adaptability in the relationship between Social Support and Entrepreneurial Intention. Zhejiang Province, the top-ranked province in private economy in China, possesses a strong economic development momentum and an innovative entrepreneurial atmosphere. Therefore, this study selected 194 third and fourth-year undergraduate students from universities in Zhejiang Province as participants and collected data through a survey utilizing measures of Social Support, Career Adaptability, and Entrepreneurial Intention. The collected data was analyzed for correlations between the measured variables using SPSS 26 and Stata 17 SEM Builder for quantification and validation. The results of the study revealed that, firstly, while Social Support did not have a direct impact on Entrepreneurial Intention, it was found to have an indirect influence on Entrepreneurial Intention through Career Adaptability and its various sub-variables. Secondly, Social Support among College Students was found to have a positive impact on Career Adaptability. Thirdly, Career Adaptability among College Students was found to have a positive impact on Entrepreneurial Intention. Based on these analytical findings, this study provides theoretical and practical implications as well as fundamental information for entrepreneurship education and Career Adaptability at the university level.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.97-123
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• 1994

The author devided th period of 1876-1945 into three epochs ; the Opening of Ports in 1876 -before the Political Reform in 1894 , the Political Reform- the Japanese annexation of Korea in 1910 , and the Epoch of Japanese Colony during 1910-1945. As civilization through including educational reform rised. The modern school system began to be introduced nongovernmentally and governmentally to Korea in the 1880's without any school laws. Were chronologycally established school regulation by Korea Government in 1895-1893, school laws by Korean Government under the supervision of the Japanese Residency-General of Korea in 1906-1910, and the educational laws of Korea by the Japanese Government-General of Korea in 1911-1943. In these epochs, the numbers of elementary , secondary and higher educational institutions and the numbers of pupils and students had increased slowly. Japanese had developed sonwhat primary education and secondary technical education, but it had checked extremely the Korean peoples to receive secondary liberal education and higher education, On the epoch of Japanese colony, Japanese occupied nearly half of elementary school teachers, almost of public secondary school teachers educated in Japan, and nearly all of professor educated in Japan in public and national colleges which were technical, and in one imperial university . Forty or more Korean teachers taught natural history chief at private secondary schools for Koreans , more than half of them being graduates of colleges of agriculture and forestry in Korea and Japan. The author mentioned curricula , and subjects and textbooks connected with biology of elementary, secondary and higher educational institutions. The pup8ls and students received biological knowledge through learning sciences at primary schools ; natural history (plants, animals and minerals ) at secondary schools including normal schools ; botany, zoology, genetics and major subjects related with biology such as anatomy, physiology, bacteriology, pland breeding at medical colleges and colleges of agriculture and forestry. There were no departments of biology , botany or zoology in Korea. Only seven Koreas graduated from departments of biology, botany or zoology at imperial universities in Japan. Some of them played the leading parts to develop education and researches of biology in the universities after 1945 Liberation.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.155-195
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• 2017

The goal of the present study is reviewing the literature on the scientific community and also on science, technology & society to increase interactions between innovation studies and social studies of science and technology. Up until now, various empirical studies on Korean scientists and engineers have been concentrated on researchers at universities, while they have paid inadequate attention to researchers at state-funded research institutes and private companies. In addition, these studies have tended to use concepts in Western academia to elucidate Korean cases. On the other hand, recent empirical researches on the effects of the evaluation systems in universities, PBS system, and the network of school ties suggest that these topics may reveal the unique characteristics of Korean scientific community. Empirical studies on the scientific community have also shown that Korean research institutes and researchers who are in charge of innovation in Korea have demonstrated a tendency to conform to the government's guidance due to long experiences of state-led R&D and nationalism. Research on science, technology and society has viewed the participation of citizens in science and technology as a way toward science and technology democracy, and tended to have a strong practical orientation. However, there has been a relatively small amount of research on how citizen participation influences the direction and content of technological innovation. Also, although, from the viewpoint of technological innovation, how participation of citizens in science and technology can contribute to knowledge production and innovation is a critical issue, relatively small numbers of case studies on this subject have been conducted. Therefore, as the scholars who have emphasized the democracy of science and technology have actually experimented with various ways of citizen participation, innovation researchers may have to design and implement citizen participation through which citizens' local knowledge can contribute to technological innovation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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• 2011.04a
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• pp.1-2
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• 2011

Hybrid rockets have lately attracted attention as a strong candidate of small, low cost, safe and reliable launch vehicles. A significant topic is that the first commercially sponsored space ship, SpaceShipOne vehicle chose a hybrid rocket. The main factors for the choice were safety of operation, system cost, quick turnaround, and thrust termination. In Japan, five universities including Hokkaido University and three private companies organized "Hybrid Rocket Research Group" from 1998 to 2002. Their main purpose was to downsize the cost and scale of rocket experiments. In 2002, UNISEC (University Space Engineering Consortium) and HASTIC (Hokkaido Aerospace Science and Technology Incubation Center) took over the educational and R&D rocket activities respectively and the research group dissolved. In 2008, JAXA/ISAS and eleven universities formed "Hybrid Rocket Research Working Group" as a subcommittee of the Steering Committee for Space Engineering in ISAS. Their goal is to demonstrate technical feasibility of lowcost and high frequency launches of nano/micro satellites into sun-synchronous orbits. Hybrid rockets use a combination of solid and liquid propellants. Usually the fuel is in a solid phase. A serious problem of hybrid rockets is the low regression rate of the solid fuel. In single port hybrids the low regression rate below 1 mm/s causes large L/D exceeding a hundred and small fuel loading ratio falling below 0.3. Multi-port hybrids are a typical solution to solve this problem. However, this solution is not the mainstream in Japan. Another approach is to use high regression rate fuels. For example, a fuel regression rate of 4 mm/s decreases L/D to around 10 and increases the loading ratio to around 0.75. Liquefying fuels such as paraffins are strong candidates for high regression fuels and subject of active research in Japan too. Nakagawa et al. in Tokai University employed EVA (Ethylene Vinyl Acetate) to modify viscosity of paraffin based fuels and investigated the effect of viscosity on regression rates. Wada et al. in Akita University employed LTP (Low melting ThermoPlastic) as another candidate of liquefying fuels and demonstrated high regression rates comparable to paraffin fuels. Hori et al. in JAXA/ISAS employed glycidylazide-poly(ethylene glycol) (GAP-PEG) copolymers as high regression rate fuels and modified the combustion characteristics by changing the PEG mixing ratio. Regression rate improvement by changing internal ballistics is another stream of research. The author proposed a new fuel configuration named "CAMUI" in 1998. CAMUI comes from an abbreviation of "cascaded multistage impinging-jet" meaning the distinctive flow field. A CAMUI type fuel grain consists of several cylindrical fuel blocks with two ports in axial direction. The port alignment shifts 90 degrees with each other to make jets out of ports impinge on the upstream end face of the downstream fuel block, resulting in intense heat transfer to the fuel. Yuasa et al. in Tokyo Metropolitan University employed swirling injection method and improved regression rates more than three times higher. However, regression rate distribution along the axis is not uniform due to the decay of the swirl strength. Aso et al. in Kyushu University employed multi-swirl injection to solve this problem. Combinations of swirling injection and paraffin based fuel have been tried and some results show very high regression rates exceeding ten times of conventional one. High fuel regression rates by new fuel, new internal ballistics, or combination of them require faster fuel-oxidizer mixing to maintain combustion efficiency. Nakagawa et al. succeeded to improve combustion efficiency of a paraffin-based fuel from 77% to 96% by a baffle plate. Another effective approach some researchers are trying is to use an aft-chamber to increase residence time. Better understanding of the new flow fields is necessary to reveal basic mechanisms of regression enhancement. Yuasa et al. visualized the combustion field in a swirling injection type motor. Nakagawa et al. observed boundary layer combustion of wax-based fuels. To understand detailed flow structures in swirling flow type hybrids, Sawada et al. (Tohoku Univ.), Teramoto et al. (Univ. of Tokyo), Shimada et al. (ISAS), and Tsuboi et al. (Kyushu Inst. Tech.) are trying to simulate the flow field numerically. Main challenges are turbulent reaction, stiffness due to low Mach number flow, fuel regression model, and other non-steady phenomena. Oshima et al. in Hokkaido University simulated CAMUI type flow fields and discussed correspondence relation between regression distribution of a burning surface and the vortex structure over the surface.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.1-19
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• 2014

This Study focuses on the university students' job attitude and cost of employment preparation. Nowadays, many university and college students spend a big money improving their employment preparation such as studying on foreign language, getting various kinds of certificates and tooth correction, clothing etc. for employment interview. This study investigated the cost of employment preparation and Job attitude of the 484 students of universities and colleges, the analysis of the collected data was conducted with SPSS 12.0 program by using frequency analysis, factor analysis, reliability assessment, correlation test, t-test, one way ANOVA. The university students paid more costs of employment preparation such as a language training abroad, a private training, and clothing than the college students. Also, Allied social science students paid more costs of the language training abroad, and clothing than allied computer science and allied design students. The female students paid more money than male students for tooth correction. The costs of language training abroad, private training and clothing are affected the students' socioeconomic background of a home. Regarding the job attitude of students, the university students are feeling more positive than the college students of the employment efficacy and cognition of the education environment. As result, the differences in the cost of employment preparation by the university type, faculty major course, their sex, and socioeconomic background of a home. The student's employment-efficacy and cognition of the education environment are also differences between the university and the college students. So, to improve the job attitude, developing their ability for employment preparation, educational programs should be arranged in school and continuous researches are needed.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.460-471
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• 2019

The aim of this study was to examine the scale and market share of Chinese's research facility & equipment in the domestic research equipment market of basic and analytical science field for analyzing the difference of the number and amount of construction by year of acquisition, national research facility equipment standard classification code, and type of institution based on the information of the research equipment invested by the Korean government for the past 14 years. In addition, we analyzed the correlation among the year of acquisition, equipment standard classification code, and type of institution variables. As of January 1 2019, from 2005 to 2018, 50 Chinese's research facilities & equipments (main equipment with a construction cost of 30 million won or more) built in the basic and analytical science fields were selected for this study and their number of construction, amount of construction, year of acquisition, type of institution, and standard classification code were analyzed. Differences of the number and amount of construction with-in and by year of acquisition, standard classification code, and type of institution were tested using a single sample Chi-square test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Kruskal-wallis test. The correlation among the three variables was analyzed by using the Chi-square test of cross-tabulation analysis. And there was a statistically significant correlation among the year of acquisition, standard classification code, and type of institution (p<.05). Compared to the 2000s, in the 2010s, high-priced Optical Electronics/Video Equipment was installed at private universities, private enterprises, and government-affiliated research institute. Therefore, the domestic construction status of Chinese's research facility & equipment in the basic science and analytical science field is less than that of the domestic ones, but the number and the amount of construction are increasing statistically. So it is necessary for the government to be able to recognize the possibility that the Chinese's research facility and equipment can encroach on the domestic research industry market and to prepare related provision.

• Korean Journal of Comparative Education
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.255-283
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to analyze the comtent of the education system of US and the UK in order to build an integrated system that can develop the leadership competency of preschool principle. Based on this, the implications are as follows. First, competencies can developed through learning rather than fixed. Therefore, re-conceptualization of leadership competence appropriate to the characteristics and organization of the individual as the presiding authority of the preschool can be considered as ability to show visible knowledge and skills, invisible self concept. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a capacity development plan based on this. Second, the introduction and implementation of continuous and systematic training programs such as the training system that strengthens the capacity of the directors and principals of the United States and the United Kingdom is necessary. To do this, we must introduce a system that renews certification every five years, like the United States, rather than a system that acquires and maintains certification with a single training. Third, various training methods should be carried out. In the case of the US and the UK, we think it is desirable to train in various ways in the training period, the university, the teacher center, and the private organization or association. Therefore, it is necessary to build a cooperation system with various institutions such as training institutes, universities, teacher centers, educational information research institutes, and private organizations in each province, and strengthen them in various ways. Fourth, the contents and methods of qualification training and future job training of the director of the preschool should be deviated from the uniform level. Therefore, the systematic research that reflects the knowledge and contents of the administration required in the field should be given priority by the university or research organization that is in charge of the training.

• Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.27-34
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• 2010

During the past 10 years, sales of luxury goods increased significantly to more than US$ 130 billion in 2007. In this industry, more than half of the revenue comes from Asia where the average income has risen significantly, and the demand for luxury products is forecast to grow rapidly. Purchasing luxury brands appears to be an intriguing social phenomenon that is profitable for companies in this region. As a newly developed country, Korea is one of the most attractive luxury markets in Asia. Currently, a total of 120 luxury fashion brands have entered the Korean market, primarily in luxury districts in Seoul where the competition is fierce. The purposes of this study are to: (1) identify antecedents of attitude toward luxury brands, (2) examine the effect of attitudes toward luxury brands on customer equity, (3) determine the impact of attitudes toward luxury brands on customer lifetime value, and (4) investigate the influence of customer equity on customer life time value. Previous studies have examined materialism, social need, experiential need, need for uniqueness, conformity, and fashion involvement as antecedents of attitude toward luxury brands. Richins and Dowson (1992) suggested that that materialism influences consumption behavior relative to quantity of goods purchased. Nueno and Quelch (1998) reported that the ownership of luxury brands conveys information related to the owner's social status, communicates an image of success and prestige, and is a determinant of purchase behavior. Experiential need is recognized as an important aspect of consumption, especially for new products developed to meet consumer demand. Since luxury goods, by definition are relatively scarce, ownership of these types of products may fulfill consumers' need for uniqueness. In this study, value equity, relationship equity, and brand equity are examined as drivers of customer equity. The sample (n = 114) was undergraduate and graduate students at two private women's universities in Seoul, Korea. Data collection was conducted using a self-administered questionnaire survey in March, 2009. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, factor analysis, reliability analysis, and regression analysis using SPSS 15.0 software. Data analysis resulted in a number of conclusions. First, experiential need and fashion involvement positively influence participants' attitude toward luxury brands. Second, attitude toward luxury brands positively influences brand equity, followed by value equity and relationship equity. However, there is no significant relationship between attitude toward luxury brand and customer lifetime value. Finally, relationship equity positively influences customer lifetime value. In conclusion, young consumers are an important potential consumer group that tries different brands to discover the ones most suitable for them. Luxury marketers that use effective marketing strategies to attract and engender loyalty among this potentially lucrative consumer group may increase customer equity and lifetime value.