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Region-Based 3D Image Registration Technique for TKR (전슬관절치환술을 위한 3차원 영역기반 영상정합 기술)

  • Key, J.H.;Seo, D.C.;Park, H.S.;Youn, I.C.;Lee, M.K.;Yoo, S.K.;Choi, K.W.
    • Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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    • v.27 no.6
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    • pp.392-401
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    • 2006
  • Image Guided Surgery (IGS) system which has variously tried in medical engineering fields is able to give a surgeon objective information of operation process like decision making and surgical planning. This information is displayed through 3D images which are acquired from image modalities like CT and MRI for pre-operation. The technique of image registration is necessary to construct IGS system. Image registration means that 3D model and the object operated by a surgeon are matched on the common frame. Major techniques of registration in IGS system have been used by recognizing fiducial markers placed on the object. However, this method has been criticized due to additional trauma, its invasive protocol inserting fiducial markers in patient's bone and generating noise data when 2D slice images are acquired by image modality because many markers are made of metal. Therefore, this paper developed shape-based registration technique to improve the limitation of fiducial marker based IGS system. Iterative Closest Points (ICP) algorithm was used to match corresponding points and quaternion based rotation and translation transformation using closed form solution applied to find the optimized cost function of transformation. we assumed that this algorithm were used in Total Knee replacement (TKR) operation. Accordingly, we have developed region-based 3D registration technique based on anatomical landmarks and this registration algorithm was evaluated in a femur model. It was found that region-based algorithm can improve the accuracy in 3D registration.

LIDMOD Development for Evaluating Low Impact Development and Its Applicability to Total Maximum Daily Loads (지속가능한 도시개발을 위한 LID평가모델(LIDMOD)개발과 수질오염총량제에 대한 적용성 평가)

  • Jeon, Ji-Hong;Choi, Dong Hyuk;Kim, Tae Dong
    • Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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    • v.25 no.1
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    • pp.58-68
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    • 2009
  • Low impact development (LID) technique is relatively new concept to reduce surface runoff and pollutant loading from land cover by attempting to match predevelopment condition with various integrated management practices (IMPs). In this study, computational model for designing and evaluating LID, named LIDMOD, was developed based on SCS-CN method and applied at Andong bus terminal to evaluate LID applicapability and design retention/detention area for volume or peak flow control. LIDMOD simulated with 21 years simulation period that yearly surface runoff by post-development without LID was significantly higher than that with LID showing about 2.8 times and LID could reduce efficiently yearly surface runoff with 75% reduction of increased runoff by conventional post development. LIDMOD designed detention area for volume/peak flow control with 20.2% of total area by hybrid design. LID can also efficiently reduce pollutant load from land cover. Pollutant loads from post-development without LID was much higher than those from pre-development with showing 37 times for BOD, 2 times for TN, and 9 times for TP. Pollutant loads from post-development with LID represented about 57% of those without LID. Increasing groundwater recharge reducing cooling and heating fee, creating green refuge at building area can be considered as additional benefits of LID. At the point of reducing runoff and pollutant load, LID might be important technique for Korean TMDL and LIDMOD can be useful tool to calculate unit load for the case of LID application.

Development of Ex-post Cost Benefit criteria and Analysis Plan for an Urban Stream Restoration Project: The Case of Cheonggyecheon Restoration Project (도심 하천복원사업을 위한 사후 비용편익 항목 및 분석방안 제시: 청계천 복원사업을 사례로)

  • Lee, Miyeon;Jung, Insu
    • Journal of Environmental Policy
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    • v.11 no.3
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    • pp.67-96
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    • 2012
  • The Ministry of Environment in Korea has been promoting the urban stream restoration project for paved streams in cities as the restored Cheonggyecheon. As an elementary study for suggesting policy implications for the project, cost and benefit criteria for an ex-post analysis on the Cheonggyecheon project is suggested in this study. The ex-ante analysis were reviewed critically by focusing on the cost and benefit criteria. Ex-post analysis plan in this study is developed considering the standard guideline of pre-feasibility, the theory of cost-benefit analysis, and the review results. The costs for compensating lands, amending conflicts, researching rivers, and maintaining water quantity were also included. For the benefits, this study proposes to estimate the benefits with the assessment on naturalness of stream. The results are expected to contribute to increase the efficiency of the urban stream restoration project and evaluate the project to match better with the meaning of the river restoration.

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A Study on the Spontaneous Ignition of the Fuel Injected into a Hot Air Stream - Additional Report: Utilization of Diesel Oil and Emulsified Fuel- (高溫空氣流 에 噴射한 噴霧 의 自然燃燒 에 관한 硏究 -속보 : 경유 및 유화핵연료 사용-)

  • 방중철;태전간랑
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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    • v.9 no.5
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    • pp.627-637
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    • 1985
  • The combustion process and the performance of a diesel engine are seriously affected by the ignition delay period of the fuel used. Some methods for improving the combustion process in the engine cylinder are to well match the strength of air swirl with the space of sprays in the cylinder, to blend an ignition improver in the fuel, to inject a small amount of auxiliary fuel prior to main injection and so on. Recently, the improvement of fuel economy and the reduction of exhaust smoke and NO have been successfully achieved by supplying diesel engines with emulsified fuel. However, it is very difficult to know real combustion mechanism under such special conditions, because of many factors affecting on the combustion process in practical reciprocating engine. In the present paper, the combustion processes of diesel fuel and emulsion fuel were tried to improve and to observe by making contact with various lean pre-mixtures in the hot air stream duct. This hot air stream method has an advantage that the spontaneous combustion process can be observed under a simplified condition.

A Study on New-Hanbok Styling of Online Shopping Mall (온라인쇼핑몰 신한복 스타일링에 관한 연구)

  • Yim, Lynn
    • Journal of Fashion Business
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    • v.23 no.4
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    • pp.68-85
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    • 2019
  • The purpose of this study is to analyze the characteristics of the New-Hanbok styling of online shopping mall, and to also suggest a solution to the problems of the New-Hanbok styling and develop a progressive plan. The research method was to search six keywords related to 'Hanbok' in the search portal 'Naver' and select 14 Hanbok brand companies. A total of 412 pictures of products for the model used on main screen were analyzed among 14 companies. The results of analyzing the New-Hanbok styling are as follows. First, the New-Hanbok styling showed the unstructured characteristics like unconventional arrangement after getting out of the fixed form of traditional Hanbok styling elements. Secondly, diverse images were represented as the hairstyle and makeup were highlighted as the elements of New-Hanbok styling. Thirdly, the new, fresh, trendy, and fashionable New-Hanbok styling was shown through the mix-and-match of traditional Korean-style accessories and fashion jewelries. However, regarding the New-Hanbok styling shown in online shopping mall, the overlapped items were especially found while the difference in material, pattern, and color required to overcome this problem was insufficient. It was lacking in the styling consistency for the establishment brand image while the awareness of the importance of accessory styling was insufficient. The brand competitiveness of the New-Hanbok could be secured by raising awareness on differentiation, consistency, and importance through the styling elements such as item composition, material, pattern, color, hairstyle, makeup, and accessory of brand.

Automatic Detection System of Underground Pipe Using 3D GPR Exploration Data and Deep Convolutional Neural Networks

  • Son, Jeong-Woo;Moon, Gwi-Seong;Kim, Yoon
    • Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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    • v.26 no.2
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    • pp.27-37
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    • 2021
  • In this paper, we propose Automatic detection system of underground pipe which automatically detects underground pipe to help experts. Actual location of underground pipe does not match with blueprint due to various factors such as ground changes over time, construction discrepancies, etc. So, various accidents occur during excavation or just by ageing. Locating underground utilities is done through GPR exploration to prevent these accidents but there are shortage of experts, because GPR data is enormous and takes long time to analyze. In this paper, To analyze 3D GPR data automatically, we use 3D image segmentation, one of deep learning technique, and propose proper data generation algorithm. We also propose data augmentation technique and pre-processing module that are adequate to GPR data. In experiment results, we found the possibility for pipe analysis using image segmentation through our system recorded the performance of F1 score 40.4%.

Deep Learning-based Material Object Recognition Research for Steel Heat Treatment Parts (딥러닝 기반 객체 인식을 통한 철계 열처리 부품의 인지에 관한 연구)

  • Hye-Jung, Park;Chang-Ha, Hwang;Sang-Gwon, Kim;Kuk-Hyun, Yeo;Sang-Woo, Seo
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Heat Treatment
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    • v.35 no.6
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    • pp.327-336
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    • 2022
  • In this study, a model for automatically recognizing several steel parts through a camera before charging materials was developed under the assumption that the temperature distribution in the pre-air atmosphere was known. For model development, datasets were collected in random environments and factories. In this study, the YOLO-v5 model, which is a YOLO model with strengths in real-time detection in the field of object detection, was used, and the disadvantages of taking a lot of time to collect images and learning models was solved through the transfer learning methods. The performance evaluation results of the derived model showed excellent performance of 0.927 based on mAP 0.5. The derived model will be applied to the model development study, which uses the model to accurately recognize the material and then match it with the temperature distribution in the atmosphere to determine whether the material layout is suitable before charging materials.

Laser Resurfacing after Facial Free Flap Reconstruction

  • Kim, Beom-Jun;Lee, Yun-Whan;You, Hi-Jin;Hwang, Na-Hyun;Kim, Deok-Woo
    • Medical Lasers
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    • v.8 no.1
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    • pp.7-12
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    • 2019
  • Background and Objectives Skin and soft tissue defects can be treated according to a range of strategies, such as local flap, skin graft, biological dressing, or free flap. On the other hand, free tissue transfer usually leaves a distinct scar with an inconsistency of color or hypertrophy. This problem is highlighted if the defect is located on the face, which could have devastating effects on a patient's psychosocial health. Materials and Methods The authors used an erbium : yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Er:YAG) laser to resurface the free flap skin and match the color with the surrounding facial skin. This study evaluated the effectiveness of laser skin resurfacing on the harmonious color matching of transferred flap. Patients who had undergone laser resurfacing on facial flap skin between January 2014 and December 2018 were reviewed retrospectively. An ablative 2,940-nm fractional Er:YAG laser treatment was delivered to the entire flap skin at 21 J/cm2 with the treatment end-point of pinpoint bleeding. Several months later, the clinical photographs were analyzed. The L*a*b* color co-ordinates of both the flap and surrounding normal skin were measured using Adobe Photoshop. The L*a*b* color difference (ΔE) for the scar and normal surrounding skin were calculated using the following equation: ${\Delta}E=\sqrt{({\Delta}L)^2+({\Delta}a)^2+({\Delta}b)^2}$ Results All five patients were satisfied with the more natural appearance of the flaps. The ΔE values decreased significantly from the pre-treatment mean value of 19.64 to the post-treatment mean value of 11.39 (Wilcoxon signed-rank test, p = 0.043). Conclusion Ablative laser resurfacing can improve the aesthetic outcome of free tissue transfer on the face.

The use of precontoured plates for midshaft clavicle fractures is not always the best course of treatment

  • Manmohan Patel;Mohtashim Ahmad;Natwar Agrawal;Sumit Tulshidas Patil;John Ashutosh Santoshi;Bertha Rathinam;Kusum Rajendra Gandhi
    • Anatomy and Cell Biology
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    • v.56 no.4
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    • pp.456-462
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    • 2023
  • Plate fixation has become the preferred approach for treating displaced midshaft clavicle fractures. However, plate fixation of the clavicle presents several unique challenges, including its complex bony architecture and its immediate subcutaneous location. In many cases, we have observed that precontoured implants do not conform to the clavicular anatomy, and many patients complain of postoperative implant-related discomfort. A total of 111 clavicles, both left and right sides, were examined to match two commonly used designs of anatomical pre-contoured superior anterior clavicle plates, with and without lateral extension. The anteroposterior (AP) plane congruence of the plate to the underlying bone, the vertical gap between the bone and plate, and the length of the plate that was off the bone either anteriorly and/or posteriorly at both ends of the clavicle were measured. The scoring system was used to determine the fit of the implant on the clavicle as anatomic, good, or poor. We found that the maximum superior bow of the clavicle was lateral to the midline by 30.75 mm and 30.5 mm on the right and left sides, respectively. The magnitude of the bow was 4.28 mm and 4.46 mm on the right and left sides, respectively. We also found that the plate was a poor fit in 75.86% of cases on the left side and 73.5% of cases on the right side. Manipulating the plates during surgery was very difficult in the AP plane.

A Study of Automatic Deep Learning Data Generation by Considering Private Information Protection (개인정보 보호를 고려한 딥러닝 데이터 자동 생성 방안 연구)

  • Sung-Bong Jang
    • The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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    • v.10 no.1
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    • pp.435-441
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    • 2024
  • In order for the large amount of collected data sets to be used as deep learning training data, sensitive personal information such as resident registration number and disease information must be changed or encrypted to prevent it from being exposed to hackers, and the data must be reconstructed to match the structure of the built deep learning model. Currently, these tasks are performed manually by experts, which takes a lot of time and money. To solve these problems, this paper proposes a technique that can automatically perform data processing tasks to protect personal information during the deep learning process. In the proposed technique, privacy protection tasks are performed based on data generalization and data reconstruction tasks are performed using circular queues. To verify the validity of the proposed technique, it was directly implemented using C language. As a result of the verification, it was confirmed that data generalization was performed normally and data reconstruction suitable for the deep learning model was performed properly.