• Korean Journal of School Psychology
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.401-431
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• 2019

This study explored the lived experiences of high school students who experienced a norm-referenced evaluation with the Naesin system. The participants were 15 high school students who resided in the areas of Seoul, Gyeonggi, and Busan. This study adopted a phenomenological research method, which is developed by Giorgi. The study resulted in 370 meaning units, 71 summaries of meaning units, 26 sub-constituents, and 9 constituents. The results showed that participants experienced their relationships with classmates were centered around competitions and they experienced the sense of repeated frustration with their academic goals. Participants perceived that their personal values equated with their academic rankings and they anticipated academic rankings becoming their future social rankings. Low rankings with good performance, learning for exam, and unfair treatment in school made them realize that the education is not for learning but for differentiating students. Participants have found the ways to know better about reality and self-regulated their thoughts and emotions. Further, this study identified resilient aspects of the participants such as support from parents and teachers and hopeful thoughts. This study discussed the meaning of the findings and implications of the findings.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.185-192
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• 2023

Currently, the number of Long-Term Care Hospital in Korea is continuously increasing with the increase in the elderly population. Patients admitted to Long-Term Care Hospital are mainly elderly with chronic diseases, and because they are for long-term care, they often die in Long-Term Care Hospital, and the importance of end-of-life care is gradually increasing. In spite of these characteristics Studies on end-of-life care for nurses in Long-Term Care Hospital are mainly quantitative studies, and there is a limit to in-depth understanding of end-of-life care experiences. Therefore, The purpose of this study is to understand the meaning of Long-Term Care Hospital nurses' nursing experienceof end-of-life patients through a phenomenological method, and to describe and understand the meaning of the phenomenon in depth. The subjects of this study were 7 nurses who had worked for more than 6 months at a nursing hospital located in C city. The research method was in-depth interviews, and data were collected from December 2021 to March 2022. The interview date were analyzed by Giorgi's phenomenological method. As a result of the study, 'nurses' attitude toward end-of-life care', 'ambivalence toward life prolongation', 'reality of end-of-life care in Long-Term Care Hospital', and 'reflection on life and death' were found. Therefore, it is thought that End-of-life nursing Continuing educationand interventional education programs should be developed to change Long-Term Care Hospital nurses' end-of-life care attitudes and improve coping skills.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.121-157
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• 2024

This study explored the essence of psychological burnout experiences due to emotional contagion using a hermeneutic phenomenological approach. In-depth interviews were conducted on 9 participants who work in fields that are subject to emotional contagion. Data analysis was conducted by using van Manen's methodology, insisting that the pure description of an experience can be enriched by adding interpretation. The emotional contagion experiences were identified through this process and the findings were categorized into 3 core themes, 8 essential themes, and 35 subthemes. The first core theme is "emotions in constant exchange". This theme included two essential themes: 'various channels of emotional contagion' and 'subjective states that change depending on the transmitted emotions'. The second core theme, "filtering the experience of emotional contagion" included the essential themes of 'the characteristics susceptible to the emotions of others', 'attitudes of spreading negative emotions' and 'situations that makes one feel overwhelmed by emotions'. The final core theme, "from burnout by emotional contagion to communication" was categorized into the following essential themes: 'burnout-inducing entangled interactions', 'moving toward communication and connection' and 'recovery after psychological burnout'. Finally, the implications and suggestions for future research were discussed by summarizing the core contents of each themes.

• Industry Promotion Research
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.159-166
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• 2024

This study studied the life experiences of story grandmother activities on the meaning of a happy life and positive growth for the elderly through phenomenology. This study period was conducted with pre-interviews from March 2021, and research was conducted until July 2022. As for the research method, 9 elderly women were selected as a Colaizzi phenomenological research method suitable for the work of exploring and understanding life as it is, and the following conclusions were drawn. First, the happiness experience of the elderly provides a life that responds to positive changes, gives positive meaning, and actively discovers in a desire-ful life, a comparative life, and a adaptation and coping happy life. Second, the elderly experienced the meaning of life by experiencing the happiness of moments in the self-realized life of the upward · downward theory. Third, the growth of the elderly is a happy change in PERMAS of positive psychology, pursuing life with positive emotions, immersion, and positively related meaning and purpose of life, and growing while looking at life with achievement and strength. Since this study targets elderly women aged 65 or older who are engaged in story grandmother activities, there is a limit to generalizing the research results, so it is suggested to study the growth process of more diverse age groups and various types of volunteer activities in the future.

• Industry Promotion Research
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.251-261
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• 2024

The purpose of this study is to improve welfare services for the socially underprivileged, the disabled, by improving and streamlining the work environment of workers at day care facilities for the disabled. The research question consisted of three issues: conflict between employees, psychological exhaustion, and growth factors experienced as a Christian worker at a day care facility for the disabled. As a research method, from January 2024 to April 2024, 10 Christian workers working at a day care facility for the disabled were interviewed and collected facts about their experiences during the work process using Colaizzi's phenomenological research method. analyzed. According to the research results, the psychological processes experienced by workers are, first, 'conflict' between internal workers in the experience at a day care facility for the disabled, and second, exhaustion, such as symptoms of emotional exhaustion, dehumanization, and decreased sense of accomplishment, experienced by workers in 'burnout'. It was a traumatic experience. Third, in 'growth', workers overcame internal conflict and psychological exhaustion through spirituality and experienced growth with a sense of stability. This study is expected to provide useful data to improve the morale and work environment of workers at day care facilities for the disabled in the future.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.361-370
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• 2007

Purpose: With the increasing opportunities for students to transfer into nursing from other departments or after graduation, it is important to examine how these students adapt to clinical work in the hospital setting after graduation. This study was done to describe the adaptation experience of older graduate nurses in hospital settings and to understand the meanings and search the nature of their experience. Method: For this study, the participants were 6 nurses who entered nursing after having graduated from college or university in another field. The data were collected through in-depth interviews from March to April 2007 and analyzed by Colaizzi's phenomenological method. Results: The essential themes of the adaptation experience for older graduate nurses were the following 6 categories: taking responsibilities for the expected role according to one's age, following the rules of senior-junior hierarchy, being ambivalent about one's older age, expanding one's support system, getting rid of the concept of age difference and establishing the expected position appropriate for one's career. Conclusion: For older graduate nurses, interpersonal relationship factors were more important than work related factors. Therefore, it is important to create a more flexible nursing culture to ease the adaptation of these older graduate nurses.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.248-257
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• 2008

Purpose: This study was designed to search for nursing intervention strategies centering around the meaning structure of the nurse's turnover experience by applying phenomenological methods. Methods: The participants were 6 nurses in small and medium sized hospitals who had experienced at least 1 turnover. Data were collected used MP3 records. The data analysis was done by Giorgi (1985) method. Results: The results were divided into the following categories: 1) Careless decision: wrong decisions, imprudent desire, insufficient patience, unclear future, 2) Inappropriate working environment: irregular working hours, high workload, poor working environment, insufficient understanding of related divisions, lack of opinion collection, low salary, 3) Interpersonal relations problems: discord with colleagues, difficulty in relationships with others, difficulty in daily lives, 4) Lack of specialization: feeling of inertia, lack of role identification, lack of self identification, 5) Inappropriate coping: regret with clinical challenges, difficulty with a new environment, repentance, expectation, relative humility, 6) New self-dignity: expectation, new challenge, relaxing lives, decisions based on future-oriented confidence. Conclusion: The finding of this study will offer profound information on the nurse's turnover experience and provide basic raw materials for improving the quality of nursing performance and contribute to the development of hospital organization.

• Asian Oncology Nursing
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.121-132
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe the lived experience of the patients with cancer participating in a clinical trial for the development of a new drug. Method: This study was based on a phenomenological approach. The eight patients participating in a clinical trial were selected as the participations of this study. The data were obtained through in-depth interviews from the participants and were analyzed using the Giorgi method. Results: Essential experiences of the patients with cancer under a clinical trial consisted of anticipating recovery of physical health and a social role, passing the strict criteria of a clinical trial, diminishing economic burden, satisfaction with special treatment receiving, social contribution, concerns about side effects and withdrawal from the clinical trial, conflicts as a participant, pain, limited administration of other treatments, regret for giving up other treatments, strict compliance with instructions, prevention of side effects and maintaining desirable life-style. Integrated units of meaning of these components were hope, good luck, a sense of satisfaction, fear, distress, and the will of self-control. Conclusion: The most essential meaning of the cancer patients participating in a clinical trial was hope. Hope was found to be a primary factor reinforcing the will of self-management. The results of this study can be of great help to the research nurses to understand the lived experience of the patients with cancer and to plan an effective nursing intervention for the patients.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.43-53
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was to identify what experience meant for the wives that attempted IVF-ET(In Vitro Fertilization-Embryo Transfer) program due to the spouse's infertility and provide fundamental materials to improve nursing interventions. Method: Giorgi's phenomenological method was employed, the subjects were five wives who had ever attempted IVF-ET program due to the infertility of their spouses. In-depth interview and observation method were utilized to gather information from April to December 2003. Result: The significant results from analyzing the interviews can be grouped into 34 themes, 8 categories. The essential themes for the experiences of the wives were 'shocked by the unbelievable reality', 'can't give up the connection to the blood', 'Lack of social education on pregnancy, and childbirth', 'self-pity', 'feelings of both families', 'Being afraid of the unexpected result', 'physical and mental agony', 'Positively coping with the reality. Conclusion: The results show that infertility is not a mere personal matter, and infertile people, their families and society should team up with in tackling it. The physical, psychological and social problems triggered by infertility could be ironed out by making both personal and collaborative approaches to that.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.199-214
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• 2009

High burn-up transformation process in low temperature nuclear fuel oxides material was observed in the early sixties in LWR $UO_2$ fuels, but not studied in depth. Increasing progressively the fuel discharge burn-up in PWR power plants, this material transformation was again observed in 1985 and identified as an important process to be accounted for in the fuel simulations due to its expected consequence on fuel heat transfer and therefore on the fission gas release. Fission gas release was one of the major concerns in PWR fuels, mainly during transient or accidents events. The behaviour of such a material in case of rod failure was also an important aspect to analyse. Therefore several national and international programs were launched during the last 25 years to understand the mechanisms leading to the high burn-up structure formation and to evaluate the physical properties of the final material. A large observations database has been acquired, using the more sophisticated techniques available in hot cells. This large database is discussed in this paper, providing basis to build an engineering-model, which is based on phenomenological description data and information accumulated. In addition this paper has the ambition to construct the best logical model to understand restructuring.