• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.285-291
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• 2009

Objective : This study examined the change of range of motion (ROM) at the segments within the dynamic posterior stabilization, segments above and below the system, the clinical course and analyzed the factors influencing them. Methods : This study included a consecutive 27 patients who underwent one-level to three-level dynamic stabilization with Bioflex system at our institute. All of these patients with degenerative disc disease underwent decompressive laminectomy with/without discectomy and dynamic stabilization with Bioflex system at the laminectomy level without fusion. Visual analogue scale (VAS) scores for back and leg pain, whole lumbar lordosis (from L1 to S1), ROMs from preoperative, immediate postoperative, 1.5, 3, 6, 12 months at whole lumbar (from L1 to S1), each instrumented levels, and one segment above and below this instrumentation were evaluated. Results : VAS scores for leg and back pain decreased significantly throughout the whole study period. Whole lumbar lordosis remained within preoperative range, ROM of whole lumbar and instrumented levels showed a significant decrease. ROM of one level upper and lower to the instrumentation increased, but statistically invalid. There were also 5 cases of complications related with the fixation system. Conclusion : Bioflex posterior dynamic stabilization system supports operation-induced unstable, destroyed segments and assists in physiological motion and stabilization at the instrumented level, decrease back and leg pain, maintain preoperative lumbar lordotic angle and reduce ROM of whole lumbar and instrumented segments. Prevention of adjacent segment degeneration and complication rates are something to be reconsidered through longer follow up period.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.164-177
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• 2020

This study aims to compare the experience of selected countries in operating separate payment system for new healthcare technology and to find implications for price setting in Korea. We analyzed the related reports, papers, laws, regulations, and related agencies' online materials from five selected countries including the United States, Japan, Taiwan, Germany, and France. Each country has its own additional payment system for new technologies: transitional pass-through payment and new technology ambulatory payment classification for outpatient care and new technology add-on payment for inpatient care (USA), an extra payment for materials with new functions or new treatment (C1, C2; Japan), an additional payment system for new special treatment materials (Taiwan), a short-term extra funding for new diagnosis and treatment (NUB; Germany), and list of additional payments for new medical devices (France). The technology should be proven safe and effective in order to get approval for an additional payment. The price is determined by considering the actual cost of providing the technology and the cost of existing similar technologies listed in the benefits package. The revision cycle of the additional payment is 1 to 4 years. The cost or usage is monitored during that period and then integrated into the existing fee schedule or removed from the list. We conclude that it is important to set the explicit criteria to select services eligible for additional payment, to collect and analyze data to assess eligibility and to set the payment, to monitor the usage or cost, and to make follow-up measures in price setting for new health technologies in Korea.

• The Korean Journal of Financial Management
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.279-304
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• 2003

This study presents some empirical results on variable rate deposit insurance premium in Korea. The study estimates deposit insurance premium for all insured financial institutions in Korea using Ronn and Verma(1986) model which is based on Merton(1977)'s option pricing model. The sample period is 1995-2001 and the study includes trend analysis and cross-sectional analysis for premium estimation. The study also includes the correlation analysis between the estimates and profitability and capitalvariables such as BIS capital ratios, ROE and ROA. The results show that the estimates differ across financial institutions and sample periods. Thus it supports that each deposit premium should reflect its own risks. It also supports the necessity for the system of variable rate deposit insurance premium.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.267-271
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• 2017

This year marks the 40th anniversary of the introduction of National Health Insurance (NHI) which has contributed to improving public health and accessibility. This article aims to show the trends of main indicators during the last 40 years. NHI has achieved rapid expansion of target population (1977-1989). The percentage of population covered increased from 8.8% in 1977 to 94% in 1990. The average number of visit days per person was 0.75 in 1977 but significantly increased to 31.11 in 2015. In 2015, NHI revenues were 52.4 trillion won and expenditures were 48.2 trillion won which is 9.5 times and 9.6 times higher than in 1995. NHI achieved universal coverage in short period of time and has contributed to improving the healthcare status. However, there still remain problems including low-benefit coverage and high out of pocket money. Therefore, the effort to reform these problems is needed.

• The Journal of the Korean life insurance medical association
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.116-121
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• 1985

We've reviewed 518 cases of claims by death that had occured for one year from April, 1983 to March, 1984. As a result, we came to following conclusions; First, the greater part of the death were due to Accidental death(19.1%), Heart disease(18.9%), Malignant neoplasm(17.4%), Liver cirrhosis(10.6%), and the Cerebrovascular disease(9.7%), which were occupied by 75.7% of the whole. Second, classifying them by medical examinations or non medical, death in case of non medical examination showed 89% of the whole. And for age, section ranging from 41 to 50, from 51 to 60 and from 31 to 40 took the overwhelming portion by 27.4%, 26.6%, and 17.4% respectively, those of which showed 71.4% of the whole. Third, for the period elapsed, death within 1 year from the entrance showed 31% and that from 1 year to under 2 years 20.5%. Thus the rate of early death under 2 years stood for 51.5% of the whole.

• The Journal of the Korean life insurance medical association
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.86-92
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• 1987

We've reviewed 704 cases of claims by death that had occured for one year from April, 1985 to March, 1986. As a result, we came to following conclusions; First, the greater part of the death were due to Accidental death(25.0%), Malignant neoplasm(21.2%), Heart disease(12.9%), Liver cirrhosis(9.1%), and the cerebrovascular disease(5.5%), which were occupied by 73.7% of the whole. Second, classifying them by medical examinations or non medical, death in case of non medical examinations showed 94.3% of whole. And for age, section ranging from 40 to 49, from 50 to 59, and from 60 to 69 took the overwhelming portion by 28.6%, 24.2%, and 16.6% respectively, those of wich showed 69.4% of the whole. Third, for the period elapsed, death within 1 year from the entrance showed 16.9% and that from 1 year to under 2 years 18.8%, Thus the rate of early death under 2 years stood for 35.7% of the whole.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.54 no.1
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• pp.93-104
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• 2024

Chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis(CNO) is histologically characterized by nonspecific osteitis. This inflammatory disorder, which lacks an infectious origin, typically presents with chronic pain and swelling at the affected site that can persist for months or even years. However, it is rare for CNO to affect the mandible. A 10-year-old girl presented with a primary complaint of pain in her left mandible. She had no significant medical or dental history. On examination, swelling was visible on the left buccal side, and imaging revealed radiolucent bone deterioration within the left mandible. This case report presents the radiological changes observed over a 12-year follow-up period. Variations in radiopacity, radiolucency, and periosteal reactions were noted periodically. This case highlights the radiological characteristics and findings that are crucial for the diagnosis of CNO, a condition for which no clear diagnostic criteria are currently available.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.85-91
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• 2016

Background: This study was conducted to determine the efficacy of staple line coverage using a polyglycolic acid patch and fibrin glue without pleural abrasion to prevent recurrent postoperative pneumothorax. Methods: A retrospective analysis was carried out of 116 operations performed between January 2011 and April 2013. During this period, staple lines were covered with a polyglycolic acid patch and fibrin glue in 58 cases (group A), while 58 cases underwent thoracoscopic bullectomy only (group B). Results: The median follow-up period was 33 months (range, 22 to 55 months). The duration of chest tube drainage was shorter in group A (group A $2.7{\pm}1.2day$ vs. group B $3.9{\pm}2.3day$, p=0.001). Prolonged postoperative air leakage occurred more frequently in group B than in group A (43% vs. 19%, p=0.005). The postoperative recurrence rate of pneumothorax was significantly lower in group A (8.6%) than in group B (24.1%) (p=0.043). The total cost of treatment during the follow-up period, including the cost for the treatment of postoperative recurrent pneumothorax, was not significantly different between the two groups (p=0.43). Conclusion: Without pleural abrasion, staple line coverage with a medium-sized polyglycolic acid patch and fibrin glue after thoracoscopic bullectomy for primary spontaneous pneumothorax is a useful technique that can reduce the duration of postoperative pleural drainage and the postoperative recurrence rate of pneumothorax.

• Journal of Arbitration Studies
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.81-107
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• 2014

ADR has recently been expanded, making it possible to solve traffic accident disputes, which is a matter of urgency for parties to avoid. This point serves as an important procedural element. Such disputes are an area that requires a quick resolution. To try to solve any dispute that occurs in the complex environment of modern times one-by-one through litigation does not make sense. It gives an undue burden on the judicial body and the investigation agency. Like litigation, today's arbitration system, should have effective conflict resolution. The arbitration of automobile traffic accident disputes can be seen as roughly adjusted through the insurance company, the Dispute Coordinating Committee, and the Crime Victims Protection Act. It consists of experts mainly, and the resolution of automobile traffic accident disputes can be resolved through the Sajonsa and workers insurance company. However, adjustments to failure incident mostly need attention. Most of a company's compensation insurance indemnity needs to be processed in practice. In addition, a vicious cycle of litigation and delay period is repeated if a lawyer is appointed. There are unreasonable adjustment systems in the midst of these. Avoiding traffic accidents allows parties to resolve disputes better. Arbitration of disputes in automobile traffic accidents handled by arbitration institutions is desirable. It is determined that the handling of a case by a village attorney is efficient.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.213-236
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• 2017

World trade has entered a stagnant state, protection trade measures are spread due to delayed economic recovery in developed countries, sluggish investment in emerging economies such as China, economic recession in resource exporting countries, and geopolitical and political uncertainties along with the election period in the US and other major industrialized countries. Thus, in the economic structure of our country with a focus on export, for small and medium enterprises to grow, efforts for having various markets are necessary. The importance of the trade insurance system, which can support the risk management of enterprises, is emphasized by the fact that the majority of SME exporters have a risk management level and a lack of corporate capacity to enter the global market. This study was surveyed with 87 small and medium export companies in South Korea. The purpose of this study is to verify the effect relationship how service quality of trade insurance and utilization of trade insurance impact on the risk management of trade payment and export performance. The research hypothesis and model was derived from the basis of existing theory and empirical research, and obtained the following results. Firstly, Service Quality of Trade Insurance showed positive (+) effect on Export Performance. Secondly, Utilization of Trade Insurance showed positive (+) effect on Risk Management of Trade Payment. Thirdly, Risk Management of Trade Payment showed positive (+) effect on Export Performance. This study is differentiated from previous research information by empirically evaluating the relationship between the risk management of trade payment and export performance through utilization of trade insurance. This study contributed to academic by examining the research on the risk management of trade insurance and also practically suggested the direction how small and medium export company is to take the advantage of the trade insurance.