• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산구조공학회 1993년도 가을 학술발표회논문집
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• pp.149-156
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• 1993

Precast concrete (P.C.) large panel structures have usually weaker stiffness at joints than that of monolithic in-situ reinforced concrete structures. But structural designers do not in general take into account this characteristics of P. C. large panel structures and use the same analytical models as for the monolithic structure. Therefore, the results of analysis obtained by using these models may be quite different from those actually occuring in real P.C. structure. In this study, the change in force and stress distribution and deflections of structure caused by applying lower shear stiffness at vertical joints are investigated through trying several finite element modeling schemes specific for P.C. structures. Finally, for engineers in practice. a simplified model, which takes account of the effect of lower shear stiffness at vertical joints, is proposed with the understanding on possible amount of errors.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2005년도 봄학술 발표회 논문집(I)
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• pp.175-178
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• 2005

The major object of this paper is to propose a nonlinear finite element analysis(FEA) technique of steel coupling beams-wall connections governed panel shear failure using ABAQUS. Detailed finite element models are created by studying the monotonic load response of the designed steel coupling beams-wall connections. The developed models account for the effect of material inelasticity, concrete cracking, panel shear failure and geometric nonlinearity. In order to verify the proposed FEA model, this study attended experiment considered parameters to the steel beam : face bearing plates, and horizontal ties. And the analytical result attended by the proposed FEA model validated through comparisons with the experimental results. Finally, the study estimated the analytical values compared with ASCE Design Guidelines. At this time, the analysis showed good agreement between the theoretical and experimental results.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.373-391
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• 2022

The distribution of observations in most econometric studies with spatial heterogeneity is skewed. Usually, a single transformation of the data is used to approximate normality and to model the transformed data with a normal assumption. This assumption is however not always appropriate due to the fact that panel data often exhibit non-normal characteristics. In this work, the normality assumption is relaxed in spatial mixed models, allowing for spatial heterogeneity. An inference procedure based on Bayesian mixed modeling is carried out with a multivariate skew-elliptical distribution, which includes the skew-t, skew-normal, student-t, and normal distributions as special cases. The methodology is illustrated through a simulation study and according to the empirical literature, we fit our models to non-life insurance consumption observed between 1998 and 2002 across a spatial panel of 103 Italian provinces in order to determine its determinants. Analyzing the posterior distribution of some parameters and comparing various model comparison criteria indicate the proposed model to be superior to conventional ones.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제46권6호
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• pp.823-837
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• 2023

This paper presents the seismic performance of seven beam-column joints with an eccentricity between beam depths under cyclic loadings. The failure modes of the panel zone were divided into two types. One was the shear force failure that appeared in the entire panel zone (SFEPZ), the other was the shear force failure that appeared in the partial panel zone (SFPPZ). Seven finite element models were established using multi-scale methods. Compared with the experimental specimens, the hysteretic loops exhibited a similar trend. The multi-scale models could accurately simulate the experimental results. Furthermore, the calculation formulas of yield and plastic shear capacity of unequal-depth joints with outer annular stiffener were proposed.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.371-383
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• 2019

Panel data sets have been developed in various areas, and many recent studies have analyzed panel, or longitudinal data sets. Maximum likelihood (ML) may be the most common statistical method for analyzing panel data models; however, the inference based on the ML estimate will have an inflated Type I error because the ML method tends to give a downwardly biased estimate of variance components when the sample size is small. The under estimation could be severe when data is incomplete. This paper proposes the restricted maximum likelihood (REML) method for a random effects panel data model with a censored dependent variable. Note that the likelihood function of the model is complex in that it includes a multidimensional integral. Many authors proposed to use integral approximation methods for the computation of likelihood function; however, it is well known that integral approximation methods are inadequate for high dimensional integrals in practice. This paper introduces to use the moments of truncated multivariate normal random vector for the calculation of multidimensional integral. In addition, a proper asymptotic standard error of REML estimate is given.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.36-42
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• 2020

Nowadays, the touch screen panel (TSP) cover glass for mobile smart devices is being developed with a curved glass shape due to different design requirements. Because the sizes of mobile smart devices continue to increase, there has also been a great increase in the demand for large-area curved glass greater than 20 inches. In this study, heat and fluid flow analysis using CFD was performed to optimize the heating surface temperature distribution of the large curved glass formation system. Five cooling water flow paths in the cooling block were designed and analyzed for each case. A function that can quantitatively calculate the temperature uniformity of the heating surface was proposed and these values were obtained for the five models. The temperature distributions of the heating surface and the energy consumption of the heating system were also compared and comprehensively analyzed. Based on the analysis results of the five different cooling channel path models, the optimal path design could be presented.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.555-567
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• 2017

This study suggests the yield forecast model for chilli pepper using artificial neural network. For this, we select the most suitable network models for chilli pepper's yield and compare the predictive power with adaptive expectation model and panel model. The results show that the predictive power of artificial neural network with 5 weather input variables (temperature, precipitation, temperature range, humidity, sunshine amount) is higher than the alternative models. Implications for forecasting of yields are suggested at the end of this study.

• 대한교통학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.95-101
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• 2011

이 연구는 2004년부터 2007년까지 청주시 50개 교차로에 대한 패널자료를 이용한 교통사고 모형을 다루고 있다. 패널자료는 동일한 샘플을 이용하여 매년 반복적으로 수집된 자료를 의미한다. 연구의 목적은 위의 패널자료를 이용하여 교통사고 모형을 개발하는데 있다. 이를 위해 이 연구에서는 TSCSREG에 포함된 다양한 모형 중 최적의 모형을 도출하는데 중점을 두고 있다. 본 연구의 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 교통사고의 다양한 요인들을 설명하는 4개의 패널자료 모형이 개발되었다. 둘째, 고정효과모형의 독립변수 t값이 임의효과모형에 비하여 더 작은 것으로 분석되었다. 마지막으로 교차로의 횡단보도수와 총 교차로수가 사고에 정(+)의 효과를 보이는 것으로 분석되었다.

• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.194-201
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• 2017

This study investigates the factors that affect China's air pollution using city-level panel data and spatial econometric models. We address three air pollutants ($PM_{10}$, $SO_2$, and $NO_2$) present in 30 cities in China between 2004-2012 using global OLS and spatial models. To develop the spatial econometric analysis, we create a spatial weights matrix to define spatial patterns based on two neighborhood criteria - the queen contiguity and k nearest neighbors. The results show that the estimated coefficients are relatively consistent across different spatial weight criteria. The OLS models indicate that the effect of green spaces is statistically significant in decreasing the concentrations of all air pollutants. In the $PM_{10}$ and $SO_2$ analyses, the OLS models find that the number of buses and population density are also positively related to a reduction in the concentration of air pollutants. In addition, an increase in the temperature and the presence of secondary industries increase $SO_2$ and $NO_2$ concentrations, respectively. All spatial models capture a positive and significant effect of green spaces on reducing the concentration of each air pollutant. Our results suggest that green spaces in cities should receive priority consideration in local planning aimed at sustainable development. Furthermore, policymakers need to be able to discern the differences among pollutants when establishing environmental policies.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.315-327
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• 2002

본 연구의 목적은 패널영역을 고려한 2차 탄소성힌지해석을 이용한 평면 강뼈대구조물의 이산화 최적설계알고리즘을 개발하는데 있다. 강뼈대구조물의 일반적인 해석은 구조물의 거동에서 패널영역 변형의 효과를 고려하지 않는다. 최적설계의 목적함수는 강뼈대구조물의 중량을 함수로 취하였으며, 제약조건식은 하중저항계수법(AISC-LRFD1994)시방규정을 근거로 하였다. 강뼈대구조물의 해석에서 현실적인 모델 사용의 중요성을 입증하기 위해 접합부 모델에서 패널영역을 고려하지 않은 수치해석과의 비교로부터 이 모델의 타당성이 판명되어진다. 개발된 알고리즘은 범용 프로그램인 SAP2000의 치적설계결과와 비교하여 본 연구에서 개발된 최적화 알고리즘의 타당성을 입증하였다. 이 연구의 결과는 일반적인 강뼈대구조물의 설계방법보다 패널영역의 거동을 고려한 최적설계 알고리즘이 더 경제적인 설계라는 것을 나타내었다.