• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.65-70
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• 2003

This research aims to classify wetland types and evaluate functions of a wetland created by abandoned rice paddies. The case study area is Ja-un wetland in Daejeon Metropolitan City. In this study, wetland types were classified based on the basic elements of wetlands such as hydrology, vegetation, and soil conditions. This study was carried out based upon field surveys, drawing maps and publication, and modified-RAM which can evaluate the general functions and conservation values of wetlands. The analysis shows that several types of wetlands were identified, such as Palustrine/ Perennial/ Hydrophytes, Palustrine/ Perennial/ Openwater, Palustrine/ Seasonal/Herbal, Palustrine/ Seasonal/ Shrub and Scrub, Palustrine/ Seasonal/ Hydrophye, and Riparian/ Seasonal/ Shrub and Scrub in the Ja-un wetland. The average level of functions of the wetlands is very "HIGH", and it is recommended that prompt conservation measures should be taken.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.11-25
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• 2001

A wetland is an ecosystem which is the most useful and highly-energetic transition area. This study has been carried out to classify and identify the various types of wetlands in Korea. The main objective of this study are 1) defining and classifying of wetlands, and 2) identifying the wetlands characteristics, and 3) studying cases on the natural wetlands such as Han river, DMZ(Demillitarized Zone), Upo wetland and Yong(Dragon) wetland. The results as follows： 1) Development of the indices for identifying and classifying wetlands in encompassing in such as Ramsar Conference, US NWI(National Wetlands Inventory), Hydrogeomorphic system. 2) Development on the classifying method on the wetlands in the level of supersystem, system, subsystem, class and subclass. The systems include Palustrine and Riverine, and the subsystems are Seasonal, Permanent(Palustrine) and Impersistent, Lower perennial, Impersistent (Riverine). 3) Finally, we find out Young wetland is Palustrine/Permanent/Slope/Persistent, and Upo wetland consists of various types of wetlands, those are, Palustrine/Permanent/Depression/Forest Deciduous, Palustrine/Permanent/Depression/Shrub Deciduous, Palustrine/Permanent/Depression/Persistent, Palustrine /Permanent/Depression/Hydrophytes, and Lacustrine/Permanent/Openwater/Hydrophytes. The taxonomy of this study stems from identifying and classifying wetlands with indices mainly based on hydrologic features and substrates. So, it is needed that consequent studies are to be performed with various viewpoints. And the studying cases were limited because of the restricted entrance into the DMZ, And, we selected only 10 crucial sites in Han river as the subject for wetlands regulation and creation. And, for advanced studies, drawing up inventory and mapping are necessary.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.33-48
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• 2009

A palustrine wetland is a type of a wetland that prevails in Korea as well as an ecosystem that provides various ecological functions and has affluent biodiversity. This study was conducted to understand the characteristics of vegetation in a palustrine wetland by analyzing a life form and naturalized plants, in order to present the maintenance and utilization plan of a small wetland. A total of 249 taxa including 76 families, 188 generics, 209 species, 38 varieties and 2 forma were found at six investigated wetlands. As a result of the appearance ratio analysis, Therophytes (37.8%) with 94 taxa and Hemicryptophytes (31.3%) with 78 taxa were in order of life form, and Gramineae (14.1 %) with 35 taxa and Compositae (11.2 %) with 28 taxa were in order of family level. These were deemed representative vegetation in a palustrine wetland. Equosetum arvense, Phragmites communis, Commelina communis, Persicaria thunbergii, Arenaria serpyllifolia, Stellaria media, Erigeron annuus, Erigeron canadensis and Artemisia princeps var, orientalis were found continuously for a period of investigation in all sites. Equosetum arvense, Phragmites communis and Persicaria thunbergii were species with high appearance frequency. Especially, Persicaria thunbergii was construed high in a cover ratio in May as it develop first among Hydrophytes and form a canopy sooner than anything else. We found that a degree of naturalization and an urbanization index appear comparatively high in Yeongok-ri, Cheonan, Gangjang-ri, Asan and Yodang-ri, Hwasung, which is construed due to artificial interference, such as fanning, fishing, swimming and green-tour program. These results would be used to utilize in restoring a deserted and damaged wetland and to provide fundamental data in creating a wetland as follows.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.117-131
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• 2010

This study was conducted to utilize as basic information for the construction of conservation and estimation system for Palustrine wetland, which was badly managed and imprudently reclaimed, through the analysis of distribution characteristics and the estimation of conservation value for sample sites (eight wetlands) in rural area. As the result of wetland type classification, these wetlands was classified by 4 types (Permanent freshwater marshes/pools, ponds, Aquaculture ponds, and Seasonally flooded agricultural land) by Ramsar system, 3 types (Emergent Wetland, Aquatic Bed, and Scrub-Shrub Wetland) by NWI (Cowardin) System, 5 types (Farm Pond Depression, Under-flow wetland, Man-made Pond Depression, Abandoned Paddy Fields Wetland, and Reservoir Shore) by National Wetland's Categorical System, and 3 types (Aquatic Bed Wetland, Emergent Wetland, and Forested Wetland) by Lee (2000) System. These results suggest us developing the new type classification system for small Palustrine wetland in Korean rural areas. The score of function assessment (The Modified RAM) for small Palustrine wetlands was high at the wetlands nearby hills and rice paddy fields, and low at those nearby upper fields, which was mainly affected by land-use and vegetation. The functions as 'Flood/Storm Water Storage', 'Runoff Attenuation', 'Water Quality Protection' were resulted by the structural difference of inflow and outlet. Some functions as 'Wetland size', 'Wetland to immediate watershed ratio', 'Presence of boat traffic', 'Maximum water depth', 'Fetch of water's body' of RAM were not appropriate in evaluation of small wetlands in rural area. Which suggest us developing the new function assessment system for small Palustirne wetland in Korean rural areas.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.80-91
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• 2005

This research aims to classify wetland types and evaluate functions of a dam lake. The case study area is Boryung lake in Boryung City. In this study was carried out based upon field surveys, drawing maps and publication, and modified-RAM which can evaluate the general functions and conservation values of wetlands. Eight functions of 2-12 variables each are analyzed for assessing the wetland functions. The analysis shows that several types of wetlands were identified, such as Palustrine/ Perennial/ Hydrophytes, Palustrine/ Perennial/ Openwater, Palustrine/ Seasonal/ Herbal, Palustrine/ Seasonal/ Shrub and Scrub, Palustrine/ Seasonal/ Hydrophye, and Riparian/ Seasonal/ Shrub in the Boryung lake. The average level of functions of the wetlands is very "HIGH", and it is recommended that prompt conservation measures should be taken.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.699-713
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• 2012

소택지는 개발공사 및 녹지조성 시 자주 이용되는 유형으로 나타나고 있지만 식물의 생태적 특성을 배려하지 못하는 설계가 빈번하게 이루어지고 있는 실정이므로 소택지의 토지이용에 따른 식생특성을 알아보고 소택지의 평가, 습지의 복원 및 창출에 있어 기초 자료로 제공하고자 본 연구를 수행하였다. 연구대상지는 논, 밭, 산으로 구분하여 2개소씩 총 6개소의 연구대상지를 선정하여 식생조사를 실시한 결과 식물상은 61종~92종의 분포범위로 총 71과 168속 187종 2변종 1품종 1아종으로 총 216종류가 확인되어 규모에 비해 높은 식생출현이 확인되었다. 식물구계학적 특정식물종의 평가점수 분포는 산지형으로 대표되는 연구대상지가 밭이나 논으로 대표되는 곳보다 높은 점수로 평가되었다. 귀화식물은 10과 28종으로 분석되었으며 산으로 대표되는 연구대상지가 낮은 출현을 보였으며, 이에 비해 논과 밭으로 대표되는 연구대상지는 비교적 높은 출현을 나타냈다. 식생피도가 다소 높게 나타난 귀화식물은 개망초, 족제비싸리, 오리새, 큰김의털, 능수참새그령, 토끼풀, 망초, 단풍잎돼지풀, 달맞이꽃, 미국가막사리 등이다. 이러한 귀화식물은 습지에서 자생식물을 도태시키고 물 흐름을 막아 습지를 육상화 시키는 습지훼손의 주요한 요인으로 우선적으로 제거해야 할 필요가 있다고 판단된다. 향후 귀화식물에 대한 적절한 관리와 지속적인 모니터링을 통해 소택지를 농촌지역의 우수한 비오톱으로 개선시킬 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• 농촌계획
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.103-115
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• 2010

This study was accompanied to develop the management and application plans as resources for rural tourism through the analysis of distribution characteristics, inhabitants' practical use, need item for management and application, and aesthetic/recreation function of Palustrine wetland in rural area. The 2.3 Palustrine wetland per farm village were located, and 77.5% of total wetland was used by agricultural water, landscape, rural tourism The management and water quality were steadily getting better in used wetland than in unused wetland. Also, 91.8% of respondents answered that there is a practical use plan afterward, and much preferred the mode of ecotourism through restoration of ecological wetland. As the results from the appropriateness evaluation of management and application in used wetland for ecotourism, improvement item was required in observation deck, entrance lane, guidance facilities etc. And, insufficient result was deduced in appropriateness of operation program and special learning course, and in participation of inhabitants and experts. The result of evaluation of the aesthetic and recreation functions generally appeared high, but the need improvement item was required in artificial water wall and plantation base that deteriorate biological diversity. These results will be used to data for conservation, management and practical use of wetland, an important natural resource in farm village, which are confronted in crisis of land reclamation by use reduction of use and false management.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.129-144
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• 2012

This study was conducted to understand the community characteristics of benthic macroinvertebrates according to Growth Environment at 6 Palustrine Wetlands in a rural area. As growth environment factors, size, water depth, water inlet and water outlet, land-use and water environment was analyzed. Two years' quantitative collection of benthic macroinvertebrate was carried out, and it executed community analysis and ESB index calculation and also carried out twinspan, MDS and correlation analysis. As a result, the collected benthic macroinvertebrate was 1254 individuals with 3 Phylums, 6 Classes, 14 Orders, 35 Families, 52 Genera and 61 Species. Odonata and Coenagreionidae had the highest species and individuals. Dominance Index was 0.252~0.698, Diversity Index was 1.661~2.902, Evenness Index was 0.414~0.724, and Species Richness Index was 1.990~6.224. As a result of community analysis, when correlation analysis was executed, Dominance Index had the opposite tendency with Diversity Index and Evenness Index, which had the same tendency with the previous studies. When ESB Index was calculated, Grade 2 (polluted) had the highest species with 48 species (78.7%). It is determined from the Environmental quality evaluation and saprobity evaluation result according to ESB index that there is a need to revise environmental evaluation system more specifically. As a result of MDS analysis, the subject spots A and D had the highest similarity, and the subject spot E and D had a relatively high similarity. The life environment that is the closest related with species diversity is estimated by the land-use. As for number of Individual, it seems to have the closest relation with inlet, which is to be determined as a characteristics of Palustrine Wetland. Through such investigation, this study is expected to be utilized for various types of habitats including ecological pond and to be utilized for the increase of species diversity in rural areas.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.39-50
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• 2014

This study was conducted to establish inventory and propose conservation strategy of 'village wetlands' in Cheonan. As results, the village wetlands are defined as such places as palustrine wetland, village embankment, agricultural reservoir or small reservoirs located in or near the village and related to everyday life or farming. Firstly 791 provisional village wetlands were identified in Cheonan by using Arc-GIS 10.1, then 104 wetlands were defined as village wetlands and listed the inventory of Cheonan Village Wetlands after being validated through their area (greater than $1,000m^2$), satellite images, Korea Land Information System, land use map, land coverage map and field survey. Finally the 49 wetlands were selected for detailed surveying, and function assessment. As the result of the wetland function assessments, 11 wetlands were found to have 'high' wetland function (conservation) 30 wetlands were 'average' (enhancement) and 8 wetlands were 'low' (restoration or enhancement). Enhancing biodiversity and ecosystem services through ecological management of wetlands in Cheonan and connecting with an ecological network were proposed.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.95-104
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• 2011

본 연구는 최상위 포식자로 멸종위기종인 황새의 서식처 복원지역에 필요한 소택지 조성을 위해 선행연구의 적지선정모형과 습지평가기준을 근거해 소택지 적지선정 평가항목을 설정하고 이를 적용하여 적지선정을 수행하였다. 연구대상지는 황새공원이 포함되는 예산군 대리의 입구로부터 수치표고모델(DEM)을 이용한 유역분석을 실시하여 $5,884,800m^2$의 범위를 설정하였다. 수체, 토양, 경사, 토지이용, 인간간섭, 야생동물통로, 수자원종류 등 평가항목별로 GIS 프로그램을 이용하여 주제도를 작성하였다. 작성된 7항목의 주제도를 중첩하여 평가결과가 높게 나타난 지점을 중심으로 복원적지를 선정하였다. 도면중첩을 실시한 결과 21점 만점에 19~20점 지역은 면적이 작아 조성적지를 18점 이상의 지점으로 확대하여 총 8개 조성적지를 선정하였다. 선정된 대상지는 대부분 점토질로 이루어져 표토를 활용 할 수 있을 것으로 판단되며, 지표수와 연결성 또한 높게 평가되어 용수 공급의 문제는 없을 것으로 판단하였다. 양호한 토지이용과 완만한 경사를 보여 조성이 용이할 것으로 판단되며, 주위 생태계와의 연결성 또한 양호하여 야생동물의 이동이 용이 할 것으로 사료된다. 습지의 이용 가능한 수원을 파악하고 개선방안을 도출하고자 수질분석을 실시한 결과 살목지 및 보강지로 유입되어 흘러가는 수체의 수질환경이 대체로 양호하지만, 지하수 용출 후 체류된 수체의 수질이 좋지 않아 향후 습지의 수문이 정체되지 않도록 인근 지표수의 연결이 필요할 것으로 사료된다. 본 연구의 한계로는 연구대상지의 물리환경을 중심으로 분석한 결과를 가지고 소택지의 조성 적지를 선정한 것으로, 향후 생물환경의 조사를 추가하여 생물다양성의 증진효과를 규명할 필요가 있다고 판단된다.