• 식물병연구
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.182-192
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• 2018

화상병은 우리나라에서 그동안 존재하지 않았던 금지병으로서 2015년 최초로 발병한 후 아직 박멸되지 않아, 국내 확산 연구가 필요하다. 병 삼각형 원리를 바탕으로 화상병 발병에 적합한 환경 요인을 추론하기 위해서, 최근 4년(2014-2017년) 우리나라 기상관측 자료 및 미래(2020-2100년) 기후변화 시나리오 RCP8.5 예측 기상자료를 입력하여 화상병 발병 예측프로그램인 MARYBLYT로 꽃감염을 예측하였다. 이 예측 프로그램은 신고배 개화기간을 먼저 계산한 후, 개화기간 중 매일매일의 화상병 꽃감염 위험 경보를 출력하였다. 최근 4년 동안 꽃감염 결과 화상병 발생지인 경기 안성과 천안뿐만 아니라 인근 주산지인 평택, 아산 모두 2014년과 2015년에 "Infection" 경보가 나타났다. 또한 배 주산지인 전남 나주는 2016-2017년 "Infection" 경보가 나타났다. 최근 4년간 방제 권고 수준인 "Infection" 또는 "High" 경보 발령은 우리나라 전체 중 80% 지역에서 나타나 우리나라는 화상병 발병에 적합한 환경이었다. 80년간 미래 기후변화 기상자료로 개화기간 동안 화상병 꽃감염을 예측한 결과 해마다 감염위험 지역이 급변하였다. 하루 이상 "Infection" 경보가 발령되는 지역이 전국의 50%가 넘을 정도로 광범위할 것으로 예측되는 해는 총 20년이었던 반면 "Infection" 경보가 전국의 10% 미만 지역일 것으로 예측된 해는 8년이었다. 이들 두 그룹의 환경요인 비교분석 결과, 개화기간 중 평균온도와 누적 강수량이 유의하게 달랐다. 본 연구 결과는 외래 침입균인 화상병 관리를 담당하는 정책 당국에 적절한 정보를 제공할 것이다.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.66-70
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• 2001

'만수' 품종은 농촌진흥청 원예연구소에서 1995년에 육성한 대과 고품질 저장력 강한 만생종 배 신품종이다. 이 품종은 1978년에 '단배'에 '만삼길'을 교배하여 얻은 교배실생 가운데 '78-26-46'이 대과 고감미 육질유연한 계통으로 유망하여 1989년에 1차 선발되었다. 1992년부터 '원교 나-15호'로 4년간 9개 지역에서 지역적응시험을 거쳐 최종 선발 명명되었다. '만수'는 수세가 강하고 직립형이며, 꽃눈 유지가 쉬워 '단배'나 '만삼길'보다 수량성이 높다. 개화 시기는 '신고'보다 1일 늦고 '신고', '장십랑' 및 기타 주요 재배품종과 교배친화성이다. '만수'의 숙기는 수원에서 10월 하순이다. 과실모양은 편원형이고 과피색은 담황갈색이며 과중은 600-700g, 당도 $12-13^{\circ}Bx$이다. 육질은 부드럽고 과즙이 풍부하며 석세포가 적다. 이 품종은 검은무늬병에 저항성이다.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.322-327
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to investigate the change of female's Bone Mineral Density after taking herbal medicine. We examined age, sex, marriage, alcohol, smoking, and job of 76 female and their life style related with Osteoporosis. Bone Mineral Density was examined after 1 month (one herbal medicine), 2 months (two herbal medicine), and 3 months (three herbal medicine) between Group I (taking pear extract) and Group II (taking herbal medicine). Bone Mineral Density of Group II after 1 month was increased, but insignificant. Bone Mineral Density was not significantly different between the Group I and Group II after 2 and 3 months. In this study, we can conclude that Bone Mineral Density was increased after 1 month of taking herbal medicine. But we had inaccurate results due to limitations of this study: period of test, accuracy of instrument, impossibility of use young antlers of the deer, and etc. More detailed study should be conducted to yield more concrete results.

• 대한한의학원전학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.221-239
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• 2009

Background: The recent outbreak of the novel strain of influenza A (H1N1) virus has raised a global concern of the future risk of pandemic. Traditional Korean Medicine(TKM) has been combatting against contagious diseases and developed its own particular and efficient way in treating those diseases. Objectives: Provide a distinctive and effective TKM method in understanding the principles of treatment, prevention, and contraindications against influenza A through case histories. Method: We revised case histories of eminent doctors of Ming and Qing dynasties according to their clinical manifestations similar to those of influenza A. We also verified prescriptions of the "Dong-uibogam(東醫寶鑑)" through examining clinical practices of China today. Results: 1. The subtypes of Warm disease; Wind Warmth and Pestilence has the most similar clinical manifestation in comparison to Influenza A. Specifying these terms is important in recognizing and classifying various diseases under the name of Warm disease. 2. TKM considered not only external factors but also individual factors like general condition, diet, emotion, constitutional types, etc in the treatment of febrile diseases. 3. TKM developed a new way in the treatment of contagious diseases. considering the characteristics of each pathogen. TKM described the Warm pathogen being light as a feather, which enters through the nose, principally affecting the Lung. Therefore, they emphasized treatment with Pungent Sweet Cooling Moistening[辛甘凉潤] method. 4. As the conservation of fluid and humor is the primordial concern in the treatment of Warm disease, they restricted release of the exterior with pungent-warm and purgation method. The purgation methods was used exclusively to decrease fever and preserve fluid and humor. 5. The only differentiating characteristics of Influenza A with seasonal influenza are vomiting and diarrhea. Case research revealed the possibility of these manifestations to be a mechanism of restoration. 6. TKM provides alimento prevention method like Mint Pear Porridge, mung bean, and etc also combination of herbal medicine. Also emphasized in the conservation of essence for the prevention of contagious diseases. Conclusions: TKM developed its unique way in understanding the pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of contagious diseases and formed its independent scheme of Warm Disease. This knowledge in febrile contagious disease is relevant today in providing diverse treatment and prevention for influenza A.

• 대한한의학원전학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.15-28
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• 2014

Objective : Jeol-sik, (festive seasons every 15 days based on sun cycle), refers to both Korean Traditional Festival food(jeol-sik), intertwined between months, and in-season meals(si-jeol-sik) in which the ingredients used are produced in each and one of the four season. I found that ingredients in Si-jeol-sik of Autumn are helpful for strengthening one's life force. Method : The study found that si-jeol sik for fall season has strong characteristic of casting out demons. When making songpyeon(half-moon-shaped rice cake) for Chuseok (Korean Thanksgiviing Day), they are steamed with pine needs spreaded underneath because pine needles are believed to have power in casting away evil spirits. For harvest ceremony, which were frequently held in October, people consumed steamed rice cakes garnished with red beans, which were considered to negate bad fortunes. Result : To prevent respiratory diseases caught esaily in fall due to wide daily temperature difference and dry weather, white good ingredients such as radish, pear, and taro are used. Conclusion : Main fall holidays are Chil-soek, Baek-Jung, Chu-seok. The best feature of Si-jeol-sik for fall season is that they cast out demons. Also, fall si-jeol-sik consist of many white ingredients for protecting lungs.

• 식물병연구
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.153-157
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• 2006

2005년은 전년에 비해 기온이 낮았고 강수량이 적었다. 벼 흰잎마름병, 세균성벼알마름병, 벼 깨씨무늬병, 벼 이삭도열병, 배나무 겹무늬병 등이 2004년에 비해 증가하였다. 특히 벼 깨씨무늬병은 전년에 비해 4배 이상 병 발생이 증가하였다. 벼 이삭도열병이 전년 0.7%에서 2005년 2%로 증가된 것은 출수기 동안 평균기온은 높았고 강수일수, 강수량 및 습도가 높아 잎도열병균이 이삭으로의 전파를 촉진한 것으로 추정되었다. 기타 조사된 병들은 전년에 비해 감소 혹은 유사한 수준이었다. 벼 잎도열병, 시설참외 시들음증상, 흰가루병 및 노균병은 전년에 비해 크게 감소되었다.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.599-604
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 서울시 도시 숲에 속해 있는 불암산, 대모산, 봉화산 3개 산을 대상으로 군집분석을 하였다. 불암산 군집분석 결과 소나무(Pinus densiflora)-신갈나무(Quercus mongolica), 서어나무(Carpinus laxiflora)-리기다소나무(Pinus rigida), 굴참나무(Quercus variabilis)-팥배나무(Sorbus alnifolia)로 나왔으며 대모산의 군집은 리기다소나무-일본잎깔나무(Larix leptolepis), 현사시나무(Populus tomentiglandulosa)-물박달나무(Betula davurica Pall)로 구분되었다. 봉화산의 군집분석 결과 소나무-팥배나무와 상수리나무(Quercus acutissima)-벚나무(Prunus serrulata)로 구분되었다. 불암산, 대모산, 봉화산의 지역별 유사도에서는 불암산과 대모산의 유사도 지수가 0.634로 높게 나와 비슷한 식생들이 분포하고 있으며 다른 지역보다 대모산 지역의 우점도가 0.166으로 다수의 종이 우점한다. 또한 종다양도 분석결과 대모산이 가장 안정된 상태를 이루고 있으며 종다양도, 최대종다양도, 균재도는 불암산, 봉화산, 대모산 지역으로 갈수록 높아지고 우점도는 불암산, 봉화산, 대모산 지역으로 갈수록 낮아진다.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.157-161
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• 2008

참외를 껍질째 먹기 위하여 착과 5일후부터 과실에 배, 사과, 포도봉지를 씌워 재배한 결과, 봉지내의 온도는 외기온에 비하여 주간에는 낮고 야간에는 높았으며 습도는 주간에는 높고 야간에는 낮았다. 무처리구에 비하여 봉지재배로 과장은 짧고 과폭은 좁고 과육두께는 얇고 과중은 가벼운 경향이었으나 처리간 차이는 없었다. 과육 및 태좌부의 당도는 봉지재배 처리구에서 낮은 경향이었으나 처리간 차이는 없었다. 그러나 과실의 당도는 봉지제거 직후 보다는 봉지제거 5일후 조사에서 높아지는 것을 알 수 있었다. 봉지재배로 과피의 경도 및 색도가 낮았다. 이와 같이 봉지재배로 과피의 경도가 낮아 껍질째 먹기는 쉬워졌으나 과피의 색도 및 당도가 낮아 금후 보완이 필요한 것으로 생각된다.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.461-468
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• 2001

Impact between fruits and other materials is a major cause of product damage in harvesting and handling systems. The oriental pears are more susceptible to bruising than other fruits such as European pears and apples, and are required more careful handling. The interest in the handling of the pears for the processing systems has raised the question of the allowable drop height to which pears can be dropped without causing objectionable damage. Drop tests on pears were conducted using an impact device developed by authors to estimate the allowable drop height without bruising. The impact device was constructed to hold in a selected orientation and to release a fruit by vacuum for dropping on to a force transducer. The drop height was adjustable for zero to 60 cm to achieve the desired distance between the bottom of the fruits and the top of the impact force transducer. The transducer was secured to 150 kg$\sub$f/ concrete block. The transducer signal was sampled every 0.17 ms with a strain gage measurement board in the micro computer where it was digitaly stored for later analysis. The selected sample fruit was Niitaka cultivar of pears which is one of the most promising fruit for export in Korea. The pears were harvested during the 1998 harvest season from an orchard in Daejeon. The sample fruit was selected from two groups which were stored for 3 months and 5 months respectively by the method of current commercial practice. The pears were allowed to stabilize at environmental condition(18$^{\circ}C$, 65% rh) of the experimental room. One hundred fifty six pears were tested from the heights of 5, 7.5. 10 and 12.5 cm while measurement were made of impact peak force, contact time, time to peak force, dwell time, pear diameter and mass. The bioyield strength and modulus of elasticity were measured using UTM immediately after each drop test. The allowable drop height was estimated on the base of bioyield strength of the pears in two ways. One was assumed the peak force during impact test increasing linearly with time, and the other was based on the actual drop test results. The computer program was developed for measuring the impact characteristics of the pears and analyzing the data obtained in the study. The peak force increased while contact times decreased with increasing drop height and contact times of the sample from the hard tissue group. The allowable drop height increased with increasing bioyield strength and contact times, and also varied with Poisson\`s ratio, mass and equilibrium radius of the pears. The allowable drop height calculated by a theoretical method was in the range from 1 to 4 cm, meanwhile, the estimated drop height considering the result of the impact test was in the range from 1 to 6 cm. Since the physical properties of fruits affected significantly the allowable drop height, the physical properties of the fruits should be considered when estimating the allowable drop height.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제55권1호
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• pp.47-57
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• 2010

More than 2,500 accessions of squash germplasm are preserved in the National Agrobidiversity Center of RDA, Korea. We investigated the ecological and morphological characteristics on 100 accessions of the squash germplasms with a low viability. Two typical types of oriental squash (Cucurbita moschata) and western squash (Cucurbita maxima) are possessed 89 and 11 accessions, respectively. The origin of 100 accessions was divided into three groups, group I (Korea landraces with 81 accessions), group II (Nepal with 15 accessions) and group III (Russia, Uzbekistan, Laos, and Mexico with each one accession). Seventy eight accessions germinated at $27^{\circ}C$ in growth chamber. Days to first flowering of the female and male flower ranged from 32 days to 67 days and 24 days to 55 days after planting, respectively. Vine length showed the largest variation ranging from 357.8 cm to 1,465 cm, also the average length of ten stem node range has a variable ranges from 92 cm to 217.5 cm. All regenerated squash accessions have an only collided tendril and have three to seven lateral shoots. The flattened globe-shaped squash is the most predominant and exhibited ordinarily round shaped, ball shaped, long oblong-shaped, elongated shape, and pear shape. The average weight of fruit ranged from 1.33 kg to 7.95 kg. Sugar contents showed 5.4~12.6 $Brix^{\circ}$ without ripening period.