• 아동학회지
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• 제2권
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• pp.55-66
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• 1981

Research on children should be perferably made in reference with the past thinking if it is to be affirmed by the present and to predict the future. In this respect, Buddhism, which is one of the major original thinkings in the Orient as well as the most influential religion upon Koreans daily lives and attitudes, deserves to be researched in the light of education of children. In this thesis, I have made a trial to delve into the original Buddhistic scriptures to find out Buddha's outlook on home children and arrived at the following conclusions: 1. Concerning human development stages, Buddha regarded the starting point of human life from fertilization instead of birth, even at that ancient time, and the fetal life was devided into 4, 5, or 8 stages. 2. In spite of the numerous scriptures by Buddha, very little is written about children, and even these teaching did not regard the child as an independent entity. In addition, since Buddha was a person of superior enlightenment, he did not regard the age of human beings as of great importance. 3. On the relationship between parents and children, Buddha warned the extra ordinary attachment of parents toward children, because such attachment would be an obstacle in the search of truth. This idea was originated from his thought that the relationship between parents and children was not a single fixed one but of unlimited variation through numerous life times of reincarnation. This idea gives some illumination upon the problems of today's education where parent's exclusive attachment to their children and over-protection are hindrance for successful education. 4. Buddha put emphasis on parents' social duty, by which he meant that parents should care and accept not only their biological children but all children and all living things as if they were their own children. 5. Regardeding the children's role to their parents, Buddha taught that children should respect and support their parents under any condition. Buddha also emphasized that true filial piety was to help parents to improve their religious status by helping them attain the truth, morality, and wisdom. It is my intention to investigate Buddha's View tin children of entering pristhood.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.286-294
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• 2007

Dolbok, the first birthday suit, is a formal suit a person puts on for the first time after birth. It not only a symbolizes of Korean customs or traditions, but also represents transmitted ideas, values and lifestyles of Koreans. In this nation where strong preferences for son prevailed, dolbok for boy was specially important. 1.Styles of weaing Dolbok are classfied into trousers and jeogori, baeja, magoja, durumagi, jeonbok, sagyusam and yongpo styles in accordance with what kind of clothes was finally worn. 2. Accessories of dolbok for boys included dolddi, dol jumeoni, gulre, bokgeon, hogeon and tarae baeseon. 3. Dolbok of trousers and jeogori, baeja or magoja style simply consisted of 2 to 4 units of clothes. It was usually worn by ordinary people, and strongly imaged as common. Dolbok of durumagi or jeonbok style was a combination of 5 to 6 units of clothes and mainly worn by noble and royal families. It was remarkably formal, but quite brilliant. The suit for first birth anniversary which was sagyusam or yongpo was made in accordance with court rules and used by the royal family, It consisted of 7 to 8 units of clothes. Dolbok of sagyusam or yongpo style used invariable, simple patterns and colors, but had strong images of courtesy and dignity. 4. Regarding accessories of dolbok, the long-hanged goreum was a symbol of parental wishes for the $baby^{\circ}{\emptyset}s$ health and longevity and dolddi was joined by dol jumeonisymbolizing the wealth and prosperity of the baby. In addition, hogeon was a hat whose shape was the head of tiger symbolizing wishes for bravery and health and tarae beoseon was childlen's socks that had seams, symbolizing prosperity, on the fore edge. Seon for sagyusam was used as a symbol of preventing diseases or evil spirits to protect the health of the baby.

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2022

This study is a marketing tool for securing loyal customers and increasing sales by developing a customizing manual according to the change of segmented nail art consumption pattern due to the development of the nail industry and performing art to meet the needs of various customers and increase satisfaction. This was done to demonstrate the possibility of use. In order to develop a manual for the study, we conducted a survey that combined an online survey and in-person survey for ordinary citizens in their 20s and 50s living in Busan and Gyeongnam. Taste (50.0%) was the highest, and personal preference (62.9%) was also the highest for items related to nail art color selection, suggesting that the consumption pattern is changing to require a variety of personal art preferences rather than recommendations or recommendations from practitioners. Could know. As a result of performing nail art by applying the customizing manual developed based on customer selection, opinions were shown in the order of reliability (39.1%), attachment (39.1%), and rarity (26.1%). Utilization (73.9%) was also high in the question of 'If customizing manual was developed as an app', and overall satisfaction with the art selected by the customer was high, indicating that the customer had a high degree of attachment to the nail art design decided by the customer. As for the improvement points of the manual, it was possible to confirm the necessity of developing the app with the majority opinion that handwriting was inconvenient. Based on the nail art customizing manual of this study, the follow-up research proceeds with the app production and utilization process, and it is hoped that it will be used as a basic data for sales promotion by increasing customer satisfaction according to the rapidly changing consumption patterns of nail customers.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.131-140
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• 2022

Purpose : Although many studies have explored the effect of seating side angles on the spinal curve and surrounding muscles during seating, only a few studies have investigated the effect of different seating face angles on different lower limb and deep trunk muscles. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of seating surface angles (0 degrees, 10 degree anterior, and 10 degree rear) on lower extremity and deep trunk muscles in healthy adults. Methods : Thirty people were asked to sit once on each seating surface three times during the day, and their muscle thicknesses were measured by ultrasound while sitting. The method of sitting was the same when sitting on the three seating surfaces. Results : From the comparison results of the muscle thicknesses according to the seating surface angles, a significant difference existed in the muscle thicknesses of the vastus medialis, vastus medialis oblique, vastus intermedius, soleus and gastrocnemius (p<.05). However, no significant difference was found in the transversus abdominis, internal obliques, rectus femoris and vastus lateralis (p>.05). Conclusion : Our findings revealed that the lower back load decreases, the leg load increases, and the legs specific muscles are affected as the body tilts forward when sitting on the seating surface inclined forward. Therefore, it is possible to suggest a forwardly inclined seating surface that reduces lower back loads and utilizes the posture-maintaining muscles of the legs when sitting in a person with a poor sitting posture or lower back pain at ordinary times.

• 공연문화연구
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• 제38호
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• pp.385-421
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• 2019

풍속에 의해 자연스럽게 전승된 울산덧배기는 급격하게 변화한 현대사회의 환경과 함께 거의 사라져 가고 있다. 이 연구는 울산덧배기를 전승 교육하기 위하여 기본동작으로 교수하는 방법을 연구한 것이다. 강습 대상은 울산덧배기를 처음 접하는 사람 위주로 하였다. 교육과정은 먼저 울산덧배기를 배우는데 있어서 몸과 마음을 준비하는 상태이다. 그리고 울산덧배기의 기본 교육과정은 교육과정, 굿거리장단의 기본 동작, 자진모리장단의 기본 동작을 순서로 하였다. 다음은 연결 동작에 의한 춤사위 익히기를 진행하였다. 이러한 과정은 초보자가 시간과 공간이 제한된 강습실에서 울산덧배기를 전승받기 위한 방법이다. 이렇게 울산덧배기 춤을 교수하는 방법을 연구한 것은 풍속에 의해 자연스럽게 전승된 덧배기가 단절되어가는 현실에서 일반시민들에게 무형문화를 전승하기 위한 조치인 것이다. 이 연구의 성과는 사라져가는 울산의 무형문화인 덧배기를 보호하고, 이를 시민들에게 전승할 수 있게 기본적인 동작으로 교수하는 방법을 연구한 것이다.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.247-294
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• 1996

본 논문은 사상채질분류검사지의 표준화 연구와 공동작업으로 행해진 연구로써 최근에 들어 다각도로 행해지고 있는 사상체질분류 객관화 연구의 한 방면이라고 하겠다. 본 논문의 주된 내용은 진단정확률의 확인을 통하여 새로 개발된 검사지의 타당도를 검증해 보고 프로파일 분석이라고 하는 통계분석상의 기법을 활용해서 설문지에 대한 적응도가 다소 떨어지는 집단들을 추출해내고 그들의 특성을 분석연구하자는 것이다. 연구에 사용된 검사지는 기본의 1992년판 검사지를 의학, 문학, 철학 및 심리화분야등 각 방면에서 폭넓은 검토를 거쳐 개정한 것이다. 본 연구의 대상이 되는 집단은 1995년 8월 7일부터 동년 9월 6일까지 경희의료원 동서종합건진센터 및 경희의료원 한방병원의 사상의학과에서 수진하여 전문의의 사상체질변증과정을 거친 외래환자들의 집단과 체질변증 과정이 없이 개방적으로 자료를 모집하되 연령별, 성별, 학력별로 나누어 고르게 분포하도록 한 일반인들의 집단으로 집단내 인원수는 각각 총 274명과 1092명이었다. 이들로부터 채집된 자료중 환자집단의 자료를 가지고 진단정확률을 조사하고, 일반인군 자료의 표준화에서 얻어진 규준(norms)을 환자군의 사상척도점수에 적용하여 T점수를 구하고 다변량군집분석을 시행하여 집단별 특성을 프로파일 그래프로 작성하여 파악해 보는 작업을 거쳐 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 예언집단과 실제 집단간의 비교로 나타나는 진단정확률은 기존의 QSCC에 비하여 대폭 향상된 70.08%로 나타나 검사지의 타당도가 입증되었다. 2. 각 체질집단의 전체 프로파일 특성비교에서 각 체질별로 해당척도에 대한 반응은 모든 척도에서 일정하게 상승되어 체질변증의 측면에서 긍정적인 양상을 보였다. 3. 자기표현의 정도를 중심으로 관찰해 본 전체 프로파일의 분석에서는 소양집단이 가장 뚜렷한 선명성을 보였고 소음집단이 가장 취약하였으며 태음집단은 이중적 속성을 나타냈다. 4. 각 체질별 세 군의 하위집단중에서 소위 이탈집단이라고 할 수 있는 부류의 집단은 나머지 두 집단과 프로파일의 특성에 있어서 확연히 구분되는 양상을 보였는 바 그 내용은 다음과 같다. 가. 소양인의 이탈집단은 소양집단의 일반적 속성과 달리 현저하게 소극적인 양상을 보였으며 소음척도에서 비교적 높은 반응을 보였다. 나. 태음인의 이탈집단은 점수분포가 매우 낮은 소극적 양상을 보였으며 태음집단의 특성인 태양-태음 동반상승과는 반대로 태양척도에서 점수가 급락하는 현상을 나타냈다. 다. 소음인의 이탈집단은 소양집단의 프로파일 형태와 유사한 특성을 보여 소음집단 특유의 소극적이고 표현에 취약한 특성이 대부분 희석된 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과로 보아 제작된 검사지의 타당도가 입증되었으며 본 연구의 과정에서 실시한 체질별 이탈집단의 프로파일 분석을 통해 몇가지 방향에서 그들의 특성을 파악할 수 있었다. 이 결과는 추후에 본 검사지의 개선에 하나의 자료로 이용될 수 있을 것으로 기대하며 검사지의 발전을 위해서는 이탈집단과 대조집단의 특성차이에 대한 좀 더 심층적인 연구가 지속되어져야 할 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한수학교육학회지:수학교육학연구
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.47-62
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• 2016

수학적 창의성을 함양하는 것은 최근 개정된 수학과 교육과정들에서 계속 강조해온 목표중의 하나이다. 그러나 일반 학생들을 대상으로 수학적 창의성을 함양하는 것에 관련된 연구는 아직 충분하지 않은 실정이다. 창의적인 인간의 육성을 표방하는 현실적 수학교육 이론은 일반 학생들을 대상으로 하는 수학적 창의성 교육에 시사점을 제공할 수 있음에도, 이에 대한 구체적인 논의가 이루어지지 않았다. 이 글에서는 수학적 창의성 교육의 관점에서 현실적 수학교육 이론을 재음미하여 공교육을 통한 수학적 창의성 교육의 방안을 모색하는 것에 목표를 둔다. 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 수학화를 통해 수학적 창조를 경험하도록 할 수 있으며, 이 때 확실성을 추구하고 확실성을 창조하도록 기회를 제공할 필요가 있다. 둘째, 학생들이 상상에 의하여 현실이라고 느끼는 맥락에서 출발해야 수학적 창조의 기회를 제공할 수 있다. 셋째, 학생들이 모델링에 의하여 현실 맥락과 결합된 수학을 창조하도록 할 수 있다. 넷째, 모델링은 주어진 모델이 왜 모델인가를 이해하는 것, 곧 주어진 모델의 의미를 창조하는 것에서 출발한다. 다섯째, 사고실험에 의하여 국소적인 교수이론을 개발하고, 이를 적용한 후 개선하는 것이 수학적 창의성 교육의 연구방법으로 적합하다. 결론적으로, 수학적 창의성의 함양을 보통의 수학수업에서 일반 학생들을 대상으로 구현하는 데에 현실적 수학교육 이론에서 제안하는 모델은 적절하고 유용한 방안이 될 수 있다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.336-345
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• 1999

This study looks at the various alternative therapy methods used in day to day life by elderly, over 60 years of age. The elderly have come to know and practice these methods for the following reasons it is good for the health ; it is the method used in the of fen days when there wesn't modern medicine ; it has been passed down from generations ; it can be done at home without having the need to go to the hospital ; acupuncture or poulticing can be used ; it can be done at home, which was an important factor in rural areas where hospitals are few and far between ; and 〔herbal〕 medicine could be prepared at home at no cost ; it derives from experience ; it is impossible to ignore tradition passed down through the generations. Diet control and plants (herbs) are methods most often used. as they are easy to find and can be readily used in critical situations. Other methods include oriental medicine practices of moxibustion with moxa cone, negative therapy, hand and finger acupunture, finger press method. ordinary acupunture, manual healing methods of massage. diaphoretic therapy and meditation to reach a state of calm, and qigong dirigation. The reasons for its use are as follows ; it has been used before ; it is effective ; there is some improvement after the treatment ; it is not harmful to the body ; medicine cannot be obtained and it is the only thing available ; it is not good for an old person to go to the hospital everyday. the symptoms are not serious enough to go to a hospital : and acupuncture is for these things. The means that the elderly have come to practice these methods are : it has been used since the past ; it has been told by the elders ; they have been told by friends ; it was part of their knowledge ; and they have come to know by watching their mother. Further, to regain vitality lost through old age, the elderly have relied on hot soup. a hearty meal. brewed honey water, pumpkin, or ginseng. Humans, by instinct. would rub or massage the areas that caused pain. These actions, combined with a breathing technique have been recognized in Tong-Eui-Bo-Gam(the essential of eastern medicine), the complete work of early modern medicine, are a useful means to revive chi(기). This knowledge is thought to have greatly affected our heathy lifestyle. Furthermore, though the demand for medical services would increase with age, the elderly have not always been able to tend to their needs at the hospital for reasons economic or other. Hence, these alternative therapy methods seem to have been practiced as a temporary means of relief. The excellence of our traditional therapeutic custom has not received full recognition due to the argument relating to its scientific merits. As a result, it has become vital to prove their effectiveness through scientific and other experimental means. The potency of moxibustion with moxa cone and hand and finger acupunture have been proven scientifically. but diet and herbal methods appear to be practiced as a result of customs passed down from generations. In addition, it is submitted that the effectiveness of the traditional methods of disease control and our heathy lifestyle that are easily found in the nursing field must be verified.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.23-36
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• 2017

Objective: This paper presents a study to evaluate the WBGT index for assessing the effects of a wide range of outdoor weather conditions on human responses. Background: The Wet Bulb Globe Temperature (WBGT) index was firstly developed for the assessment of hot outdoor conditions. It is a recognised index that is used world-wide. It may be useful over a range of outdoor conditions and not just for hot climates. Method: Four group experiments, involving people performing a light stepping activity, were conducted to determine human responses to outside conditions in the U.K. They were conducted in September 2007 (autumn), December 2007 (winter), March 2008 (spring) and June 2008 (summer). Environmental measurements included WBGT, air temperature, radiant temperature (including solar load), humidity and wind speed all measured at 1.2m above the ground, as well as weather data measured by a standard weather station at 3m to 4m above the ground. Participants' physiological and subjective responses were measured. When the overall results of the four seasons are considered, WBGT provided a strong prediction of physiological responses as well as subjective responses if aural temperature, heart rate and sweat production were measured. Results: WBGT is appropriate to predict thermal strain on a large group of ordinary people in moderate conditions. Consideration should be given to include the WBGT index in warning systems for a wide range of weather conditions. However, the WBGT overestimated physiological responses of subjects. In addition, tenfold Borg's RPE was significantly different with heart rate measured for the four conditions except autumn (p<0.05). Physiological and subjective responses over 60 minutes consistently showed a similar tendency in the relationships with the $WBGT_{head}$ and $WBGT_{abdomen}$. Conclusion: It was found that either $WBGT_{head}$ or $WBGT_{abdomen}$ could be measured if a measurement should be conducted at only one height. The relationship between the WBGT values and weather station data was also investigated. There was a significant relationship between WBGT values at the position of a person and weather station data. For UK daytime weather conditions ranging from an average air temperature of $6^{\circ}C$ to $21^{\circ}C$ with mean radiant temperatures of up to $57^{\circ}C$, the WBGT index could be used as a simple thermal index to indicate the effects of weather on people. Application: The result of evaluation of WBGT might help to develop the smart clothing for workers in industrial sites and improve the work environment in terms of considering workers' wellness.

• 대한디지털의료영상학회논문지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.13-20
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• 2012

In a normal x-ray examination, the cooperation of a patient in positioning greatly influences the improvement of work performance, the quality of the images and the reduction in time spent on the examination. An attempt was made to discover the connection between an examination information printout and the effects of the examination by informing the patient before the examination on the examination positions in order to increase the level of cooperation by the patient and by surveying the degree of satisfaction of the patient during the examination proceedings. An examination information printout was prepared on five positions that patients consider to be difficult while receiving normal x-ray examinations and were shown to 257 male and female patients between the ages of 30 to 79 who had visited this hospital between January 1 to February 29, 2012 or to a person who had accompanied the patients before the examination to research the degree of satisfaction regarding the printout. In addition, the examination explanation printout was given to Radiologic Technologists with over 1 year experience in this hospital to use while taking the x-rays and the degree of satisfaction was surveyed and it was examined if the increase of the degree of satisfaction had an effect on the reduction in the examination time. The patients who utilized the examination information printout revealed results of approximately a 7.8% higher degree of satisfaction among the patients who had previous experience receiving x-ray examinations compared to those were having an x-ray for the first time. In the age groups between 30 to 70 years of age, the age group in the 30's revealed the lowest level of satisfaction at approximately 69% and the group in the 50's showed the highest degree of satisfaction of 87.94%. In the survey of the Radiologic Technologists, 85% responded that they were satisfied. In the question that stated "Will the examination information printouts reduce the time involved in unnecessary conversations with the patients?," the responses showed a 95% degree of satisfaction. The degree of satisfaction was high over the examination information printout by both the patients and the Radiologic Technologists. Although the effects of examination time reduction varied based on the ages of the patients and physical conditions that they were in and could not be given measurement values, it was able to be seen through the survey that reduction of the unnecessary communication between the patient and the Radiologic Technologists contributed to the increase in the degree of satisfaction. As a result, both the patients and the Radiologic Technologists had an increased degree of satisfaction over the examination information printout and it was possible for improvements to be made in the quality of medical service provided as well. Nevertheless, it is considered that a more developed manual in terms of quality and quantity must be produced using a more systematic approach and design.