• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.1606-1623
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• 2015

Optical switching will be applied in datacenter networks because electronic switching is costly and power-consuming. In this paper, considering the ring-based interconnection using optical switching in the core of a datacenter, we study the home circuit (HC) construction for the labeled optical burst switching with home circuit (LOBS-HC), a new paradigm trying to share wavelengths among the HCs from the same source. In particular, aiming to construct HCs dynamically and properly, a scheme named optimal path matching and symmetric HC matching (OPM-SHM) is proposed. The main idea of OPM-SHM is to dynamically construct HCs by sharing wavelength(s) not only among the same-source HCs but also with symmetric HCs which have different sources other than the original LOBS-HC features. The simulation results demonstrate that OPM-SHM achieves better performance than some other methods in terms of burst loss rate and wavelength utilization of physical links. More specially, it maintains good load balancing for the datacenter network using an LOBS-HC ring. In addition, due to the symmetric feature of SHM, the proposed scheme can decrease the upper bound of the average hop count of the routing paths to half of the ring size.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제27권6B호
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• pp.645-651
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• 2002

본 논문은 OMS(Optical Multiplex Section) 또는 OCh (Optical Channel) SPRING (Shared Protection Ring)에 적용되는 두 가지 광파장 할당 알고리즘을 제안하고 시뮬레이션을 통해 특성을 비교하였다. 제안한 알고리즘들은 WDM SPRING 네트워크에 적용할 수 있는 최적화 알고리즘과 넌블러킹 알고리즘이며 대부분의 비교에서 최적화 알고리즘이 넌블러킹 알고리즘에 비해 우수함을 보였다. 하지만, 넌블러킹 알고리즘도 몇몇 기존 연결을 재구성하기 위한 광파장 연결이나 할당을 필요로 하지 않는 중요한 잇점이 있다.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1999년도 하계학술대회 논문집 B
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• pp.540-542
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• 1999

We develop jumping ring system with sensor and control system using dynamic neural networks. Jumping ring, sensor and control system are controlled by 586 PC using Turbo C program. Sensor system is composed of 20 optical sensors and encoder. The control circuits are consisted of thyristor, FET and phase controller. A/D converter and optical sensor acquire real time motion data of the jumping ring system. The information of acquired jumping ring Position is estimated by using dynamic neural networks. Estimated control signals are sent to control circuits and D/A converter to track desired position of the jumping ring system. Experiment results are given to verify that proposed dynamic controller is useful in real jumping ring system.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.116-119
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• 2007

In this letter, we design a collision resolution protocol for optical burst switching ring networks to avoid burst collision. We define the offset time condition for no burst transmission collision and manage the free time list of nodes for no burst reception collision. In order to improve the throughput, we use a fiber delay line, void-filling, and void-compression. This protocol does not require any additional procedures for bandwidth reservation such as centralized assignment of bandwidth, lightpath setup of WDM ring networks, or token capturing for the burst transmission. The simulation results show that the proposed protocol can achieve high throughput while saving 70% of wavelengths when compared to round robin with random selection, round robin with persistent, and round robin with non-persistent with only destination delay.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.199-209
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• 2012

In transport networks, a multi-ring architecture is very useful to facilitate network planning and to design and provide more resilient services for customers. Unlike traditional synchronous optical network multi-rings, the service resiliency of Ethernet-based multi-rings is significantly impacted by the ring hierarchy because a link or node failure in a certain level ring triggers filtering database flush actions in all higher level rings as well as in the ring with the failure, and consequently a large amount of duplicated data frames may be flooded. In this paper, we investigate how the ring hierarchy impacts the service resiliency of multi-ring networks. Based on extensive experiments on various single- and multiple-link failures, we suggest two effective inter-ring connection rules to minimize the transient traffic and to ensure more resilient multi-ring networks. In addition, we consider a flush optimization technique called e-ADV, and show that the combination of e-ADV and multi-ring structures satisfying our inter-ring connection rules results in a more attractive survivability performance.

• 대한산업공학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.571-578
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• 1998

In this paper, we deal with a node weighted Steiner Ring Problem (SRP) arising from the deployment of Synchronous Optical Networks (SONET), a standard of transmission using optical fiber technology. The problem is to find a minimum weight cycle (ring) covering a subset of nodes in the network considering node and link weights. We have developed two mathematical models, one of which is stronger than the other in terms of LP bounds, whereas the number of constraints of the weaker one is polynomially bounded. In order to solve the problem optimally, we have developed some preprocessing rules and valid inequalities. We have also prescribed an effective heuristic procedure for providing tight upper bounds. Computational results show that the stronger model is better in terms of computation time, and valid inequalities and preprocessing rules are effective for solving the problem optimally.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.93-104
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• 2007

Traffic grooming, in which low-rate circuits are multiplexed onto wavelengths, with the goal of minimizing the number of add-drop multiplexers (ADMs) and wavelengths has received much research attention from the optical networking community in recent years. While previous work has considered various traffic models and network architectures, protection requirements of the circuits have not been considered. In this paper, we consider survivable traffic grooming, or grooming traffic which contains a mix of circuits that need protection and that do not need protection. We assume a unidirectional ring network with all-to-all symmetric traffic with $t\geq1$ circuits between each node pair, of which s require protection. As it turns out, survivable traffic grooming presents a significant tradeoff between the number of wavelengths and the number of ADMs, which is almost non-existent in non-survivable traffic grooming for this type of traffic. We explore this tradeoff for some specific cases in this paper. We also present some new results and solution methods for solving certain non-survivable traffic grooming problems.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.1716-1729
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• 2010

본 논문에서는 링과 메쉬 구조를 이용한 경제적인 계층형 광통신망 설계 문제를 다룬다. 계층형(hierarchical) 광통신망 설계 문제에서 고려하는 비용 요소는 링 구조의 광통신망 내부(intra-ring) 트래픽 처리를 담당하는 OADM(Optical Add-Drop Multiplexer), 메쉬 구조의 링간(inter-ring) 트래픽 처리를 담당하는 OXC(Optical Cross-Connect) 및 OADM간 케이블 비용 및 OXC간 케이블 비용이다. 이 논문에서 제시하는 계층형 광통신망 설계 문제에서는 OADM 및 OXC의 트래픽 처리 용량과 각 링의 OADM 개수 제약을 고려한다. 이 논문에서는 계층형 광통신망 설계 문제를 정수계획법(integer programming) 모형으로 모델링하며, 링의 대칭성(symmetry)을 부분적으로 제거하는 절단평면(cutting planes)을 개발한다. 또한, 우수한 품질의 해를 적절한 시간동안 찾기 위해 휴리스틱 알고리즘을 개발한다. 모의 실험을 통해 절단평면과 휴리스틱 알고리즘의 성능을 평가한 결과 크기가 작은 문제에 대해서는 이 논문에서 개발한 절단평면을 정수계획법 모형에 추가함으로서 최적해를 구하는 시간을 크게 단축시키며, 크기가 큰 문제에 대해서는 이 논문에서 개발한 휴리스틱 알고리즘이 상용 소프트웨어인 CPLEX가 찾는 휴리스틱 해보다 우수한 해를 발견함을 확인하였다.

• 대한산업공학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.213-223
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• 2004

We consider the traffic grooming problem for the design of SONET/WDM(Synchronous Optical NETwork/Wavelength Division Multiplexing) ring networks. Given a physical network with ring topology and a set of traffic demands between pairs of nodes, we are to obtain a stack of rings with the objective of minimizing the number of ADMs installed at the nodes. This problem arises when a single ring capacity is not large enough to accommodate all the demands. As a solution method, an efficient algorithm based on the branch-and-price approach has been reported in the literature for the problem in which only unidirecional path switched ring (UPSR) was considered. In this study, we suggest integer programming models and the algorithms based on the same approach as the above one, considering two-fiber bidirectional line switched ring(BLSR/2), and BLSR/4 additionally. Using the results, we compare the number of required ADMs for all types of the ring architecture.

• 대한전자공학회논문지TC
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• 제40권10호
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• pp.79-88
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• 2003

링 구조형 광통신망에 적합한 완전 광 패킷 스위칭 시스템을 실험적으로 검증한다. 실험적 검증을 위해, 비디오 신호는 헤더와 페이로드로 구성된 광 패킷에 실리고, 완전 광 패킷 스위칭 노드에 전달된다. 전달된 광 패킷은 여러가지 완전 광 프로세서에 의해 처리되는데, 그들은 완전 팡 헤더 처리기, 패킷-레벨 클럭 추출기, 비트-레벨 클럭 추출기, 데이타 형태 변환기 등으로 구성되어 있다.