• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.17 no.1 s.50
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• pp.143-150
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• 2007

AMD (Acid mine drainage) from disused mines is one or the most significant pollutant problems to make harmful effect to human health. We demonstrated the mechanism of resolution and adsorption reaction for arsenic, manganese and zink from the soil and mine tailings which were located in the vicinity of a disused mine in Kyoungnam area. The resolution experiments were carried with a column test f3r 45 days continuously. Metal chemical forms in water were changed with the condition of solution pH and ORP (oxidation-reduction potential). Metal chemical forms affected on the reaction of resolution and adsorption of metals in water environments. Even though the sampling was carried in very closed location, there was significant different results of pollution level and ORP changes in terms of column operations. Hence It was important to note the pH and ORP in AMD to evaluate a risk assessment and a soil management using monitoring metals. When we operate AMD management with the mechanism of resolution and adsorption it can be achieved better economic solution.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.19-25
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• 2008

We analyze the HACCP Prerequisites of National Veterinary Research and Quarantine Service (NVRQS), Korea Food and Drug Administration(KFDA), and US Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) and recommend contents and ranges to be complemented and used for the preparation of guidelines. We used the HACCP Notice of the Processing Livestock Act, the HACCP Application Manual for Livestock Processing Plants, the HACCP Notice of the Food Sanitation Act, US GPO 9 CFR and 21 CFR, US FSIS Directive 11,000.1, and HACCP-based Inspection reference guide of Consumer Services, North Carolina Department of Agriculture. The Prerequisites of NVRQS and KFDA are composed of 66 and 84 items respectively, without detailed guidelines for their application. This may decisively affect the application in the field and the evaluation activities. Water supplies, washing and disinfection monitoring tools, and examining and correcting plan are required to be improved. If the standards of compliance of each Prerequisite item as well as performance guidelines are given, the application and evaluation will be performed more effectively. The evaluation items should be associated with Prerequisite operations such as non-compliance complement, self-evaluation, and record keeping. Hazards found during official inspection should be promptly controlled not to contaminate the work places and processing items. As the HACCP is expected to spread from farms to tables, the standardized Prerequisite program among the official governments should be prepared.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.93-105
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• 2012

A data stream is a series of tuples which are generated in real-time, incessant, immense, and volatile manner. As new information technologies are actively emerging, stream processing methods are being needed to efficiently handle data streams. Especially, finding out an efficient evaluation for a multi-way join would make outstanding contributions toward improving the performance of a data stream management system because a join operation is one of the most resource-consuming operators for evaluating queries. In this paper, in order to evaluate efficiently a multi-way join continuous query, we propose a novel method to decrease the cost of a query by eliminating unsuccessful intermediate results. For this, we propose a matrix-based structure for monitoring data streams and estimate the number of final result tuples of the query and find out unsuccessful tuples by matrix multiplication operations. And then using these information, we process efficiently a multi-way join continuous query by filtering out the unsuccessful tuples in advance before actual evaluation of the query.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.31 no.2A
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• pp.79-85
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• 2006

Generally, it is essential that high-speed routers, switches, and network security appliances should have an efficient packet classification scheme in order to achieve the high-speed packet forwarding capability. For the multi-gigabit packet-processing network equipment the high-speed content search hardware such as TCAM and search engine is recently used to support the content-based packet inspection. During the packet classification process, hundreds and thousands of rules are applied to provide the network security policies regarding traffic screening, traffic monitoring, and traffic shaping. In addition, these rules could be dynamically changed during operations of systems if anomaly traffic patterns would vary. Particularly, in the high-speed network, an efficient algorithm that updates and reorganizes the packet classification rules is critical so as not to degrade the performance of the network device. In this paper, we have proposed an efficient update algorithm using a partial-ordering that can relocate the dynamically changing rules at the TCAM. Experimental results should that our algorithm does not need to relocate existing rules feature until 70$\%$ of TCAM utilization.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.26 no.9
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• pp.401-408
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• 2014

This paper proposes an optimum operation method for open type ground heat exchangers. A series of TRTs and artificial heating/cooling operations were carried out while monitoring temperature in the hole of SCW. The ground temperature naturally increases with depth, but a switch between the cooling/heating mode results in a change in the distribution of ground temperature. The effect of the mode change was evaluated by performing LMTD and COMSOL multiphysics analysis for a reduced model with the depth of 150 m. As a result, in the cooling mode, the upstream operation is more efficient than the downstream operation and reduces EWT by $2.26^{\circ}C$. On the other hand, in the heating mode, the downstream operation is advantageous over the upstream operation and increases EWT by $3.19^{\circ}C$. The merit of the optimum operation will be enhanced for the typical dimension of SCW with a depth of 400~500 m. In the future, an open type ground heat exchanger system adopting the optimum operation with variation in the ground temperature will be used in practice.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.140-148
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• 2017

An important factor in determining the design and treatment efficiency of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) is the quantity and quality of influent. These detailed and accurate information is essential for process control, diagnosis and operation, as well as the basis in designing the plant, selecting the process and determining the optimal capacity of each bioreactor. Probabilistic models are used to predict the wastewater quantity and quality of WWTPs, which are widely used to improve the design and operation of WWTPs. In this study, the optimal probability distribution of time series influent data was derived for predicting water quantity and quality, and wastewater influent data were generated using the Monte Carlo simulation analysis. In addition, we estimated various alternatives for the improvement of bioreactor operations based on present operation condition using the generated influent data and activated sludge model, and suggested the alternative that can operate the most effectively. Thus, the influent quantity and quality are highly correlated with the actual operation data, so that the actual WWTPs influent characteristics were well reproduced. Using this will improve the operating conditions of WWTPs, and a proposed improvement plan for the current TMS (Tele Monitoring System) effluent quality standards can be made.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.449-459
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• 2004

Bacterial byproducts and volatile sulfur compounds(VSC) have been found to be the leading intra-oral agents, specifically, the byproducts of gram negative anaerobic bacteria have been implicated as primary factors of halitosis in patients presenting with periodontal disease. The objective of this study was to determine the correlation between periodontal treatment and the subsequent reduction in the level of halitosis. Forty-three subjects presenting with periodontal disease were examined before periodontal treatment, one week after treatment, one month after treatment, and finally, two months after treatment, using a portable sulfide monitoring $Halimeter^{(R)}$ to measure the VSC concentrations at the prescribed intervals. The results of the study were as follows: 1. Significant decreases in the mean VSC concentration were observed at the one week, one month, and two month post-op intervals relative to the pre-op measurement. (p<0.05) 2. Significant decreases in the mean VSC concentration were observed in subjects after completion of flap operations. Significant decreases in the mean VSC concentration were observed at the one and two month post-flap operation measurement relative to the VSC concentration at one week (p<0.05), but no significant differences between the one month and two month VSC concentrations were found. (p<0.05) 3. Significant decreases in the mean VSC concentration were observed in subjects after completion of subgingival curettage (p<0,05). Significant decreases were found between the one week and one month measurements and between the one month and two month measurements, but significant differences were not observed between the one week and two month measurements. (p<0.05) The results of this study show significant decreases in VSC concentration in test subjects after periodontal treatment. It can be inferred from the results above, that periodontal disease is a significant contributing factor of halitosis, and that treatment of periodontal disease can been an effective means of reducing VSC concentration in patients presenting with halitosis concurrent with periodontal disease.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TE
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.45-50
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• 2005

A UV camera is being used in various application regions such as industry, medical science, military, and environment monitoring. A ROIC(ReadOut IC) is developed and can read the responses from UV photodiode sensors which are made with III-V nitride semiconductors of GaN series haying high resolution and high efficiency. To design FPA(Focal Plane Array) UV $8{\times}8$ ROIC, the photodiode type sensor devices are modeled as the capacitor type ones. The ROIC reads out signals from the detector at)d outputs sequentially pixel signals after amplifying and noise filtering of them. The ROIC is fabricated using the $0.5{\mu}m$ 2Poly 3Metal N-well CMOS process. And then, it and photodiode array are hybrid bonded by gold stud bumping process using ACP(Anisotropic Conductive Paste). After the packaging, UV images appearing on PC verified the operations of the ROIC.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.10
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• pp.112-123
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• 2014

This Study aims to establish better sound fiscal plan by investigating perception of local government officials. Local government fiscal consolidation is affected by a combination of factors, including social, economic, demographic, political financial health of local governments. We derived the financial situation of the government-related indicators, financial health-related indicators, the indicators to improve the financial health on the basis of this study are an existing discussion. To ensure the financial soundness of the Cheonan, it is necessary to increase the efficiency of financial management including financial monitoring and control devices provided the locals, investment screening analysis system to enable it. In addition, fiscal controls should be strengthened in order to effectively autonomous government debt management. You must cuts expense of local government to prepare for expansion of local government finance, it is necessary to realize that the fee rates. It should be made through a blend of autonomy and control in the central government, network of local government and the development of local financial operations. You should also to be distributed to the residents welfare and community development funds are invested substantially to establish a systematic planning, resource allocation, evaluation, and reflux system.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.39 no.4 s.179
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• pp.427-440
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• 2006

Electromagnetic(EM) survey has been in use for over a half century as a standard routine for, mineral exploration in many parts of the world. But EM survey work and serious research effort were initiated in Korea only as late as in early 1980s, largely inspired by four pioneers who did their graduate studies in the U.S.A. in 1970s. Nevertheless domestic achievements in the field of EM survey are remarkable in the last two decades: the field operations and related interpretational skills appear to have reached a global standard, even compared with the most advanced in other countries, virtually in a whole spectrum of the method which includes magneto-tellurics(MT), Controlled Source Audio-frequency Magneto-tellurics(CSAMT), geomagnetic sounding, small loop survey systems, Very Low Frequency(VLF), Ground Penetrating Radar(GPR), time domain surveys, and noise analysis. Besides mineral exploration, EM survey has been applied in Korea to hydrogeology, geotechnical engineering, non-destructive investigation of structures, unexplored ordnance(UXO) investigation, environmental monitoring, and archaeological investigation as well. Now that original contributions of several Korean geophysicists are found even in new frontiers such as high-frequency EM survey, investigation in time-domain EM field for buried metal objects and structures, and also modem data inversion scheme, it is duly hoped that they make some technical breakthrough to unravel still entangled knots of EM survey method in a forseeable future.