• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.381-383
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• 2009

From Oct. 2008 to Oct. 2009, 619 livestock products sold in Incheon were examined for melamine contamination. HPLC was used to detect the melamine concentration from various products. $C_{18}$ column $(3.9\times150mm,\;4{\mu}m)$ was applied with a phase composed of 10mM citric acid and 10mM sodium octane sulfonate : acetonitrile (in ratio 90:10) pumped isocratically at 1.0ml/min. Melamine was not detected from any of the products at the level of LOD 0.03mg/kg and LOQ 0.08mg/kg, suggesting that no melamine contamination was ascertained in livestock products in Incheon area. However, further tests should be done to detect other melamine analogues for the evaluation of toxicity and safety of melamine and cyanuric acid in the future.

• 보건의료산업학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.79-90
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• 2015

Objectives : The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of musculoskeletal symptoms and job stress on the fatigability of 268 dental health care workers in Busan. Methods : A structured, self-administered questionnaire was given from Oct 1 through Oct 10, 2015. The collected data were analyzed with the SPSS 18.0 program. Results : The results were as follows. First, for musculoskeletal symptoms, job stress and fatigability, the highest scores were for low back pain (3.23), business stress (2.95) and physical fatigability (3.32), respectively. Second, physical fatigability increased with increasing myofascial pain syndrome, low back pain and business stress. Mental fatigability increased with increasing business stress, human relationships and social activities and decreasing age. Conclusions : Taking the above into consideration, this thesis suggests that there is definite influence from musculoskeletal symptoms and job stress factors on physical and mental fatigability.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제55권6호
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• pp.969-973
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• 2011

The synthesis, as well as spectroscopic and biological studies of a novel class of [3-(4-substitutedphenylamino)-8-azabicyclo [3.2.1] oct-8yl]-phenyl-methanone derivatives are described. All the synthesized compounds were characterized by elemental analysis FTIR, $^1H$-NMR, $^{13}C$ NMR, and Mass spectral data. All the synthesized compounds were exhibit in vitro antibacterial activity.

• Macromolecular Research
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• 제17권10호
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• pp.739-745
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• 2009

N,N'-(bicyclo[2,2,2]oct-7-ene-tetracarboxylic)-bis-L-amino acids 3a-g were synthesized by the condensation reaction of bicyclo[2,2,2]oct-7-ene-2,3,5,6-tetracarboxylic dianhydride 1 with two equimolars of Lalanine 2a, L-valine 2b, L-leucine 2c, L-isoleucine 2d, L-phenyl alanine 2e, L-2-aminobutyric acid 2f and L-histidine 2g in an acetic acid solution. Seven new poly(amide-imide)s PAIs 5a-g were synthesized through the direct polycondensation reaction of seven chiral N,N'-(bicyclo[2,2,2]oct-7-ene-tetracarboxylic)-bis-L-amino acids 3a-g with bis(3-amino phenyl) phenyl phosphine oxide 4 by two different methods: direct polycondensation in a medium consisting of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP)/triphenyl phosphite (TPP)/calcium chloride ($CaCl_2$/pyridine (py), and direct polycondensation in a tosyl chloride (TsCl)/pyridine (py)/N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) system. The polymerization reaction produced a series of flame-retardant and thermally stable poly(amide-imide)s 5a-g with high yield. The resulted polymers were fully characterized by FTIR, $^1H$ NMR spectroscopy, elemental analyses, inherent viscosity, specific rotation and solubility tests. Data obtained by thermal analysis (TGA and DTG) revealed that the good thermal stability of these polymers. These polymers can be potentially utilized in flame retardant thermoplastic materials.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제39권6호
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• pp.519-525
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• 1994

충남 예산지방에서 호밀을 답리작으로 재배할 때 파종시기와 채취시기가 사요가치에 미치는 영향을 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 호밀의 조단백질, 가소화단백질, 총가소화양분(TDN)과 P, K, Ca, Mg 등의 무기물 그리고 에너지추정값(ENE), 필유에너지(NEL), 유지에너지(NEM), 증체에너지(NEG) 등의 에너지 함량은 파종기가 빠를수록 감소하고 ADF (acid detergent fiber) 와 NDF(neutral detergent fiber)는 증가하였다. 2. 단위면적당 조단백질, 가소화단백질, 총가소화양분(TDN), P, K, Ca, Mg등의 무기물 및 에너지추정값(ENE), 필유에너지(NEL), 유지에너지(NEM), 증체에너지(NEG) 등의 에너지 수량은 파종기가 빠를수록 증가하였으며 10월 5일에서 10월 25일까지의 파종기간에는 별 차이가 없었다. 3. 채취시기별로는 모든 파종기에서 조단백질은 개화후기 예취시, 가소화단백질 및 증체에너지 (NEG)는 출수기 예취시, 총가소화양분(TDN) 수량은 유숙기 예취시 제일 많았다. 4. 호밀의 채취적기는 관행사료가치 관점에서는 유숙기 무렵으로 판단되나 가소화단백질 및 증체에너지(NEG)측면에서는 출수기 무렵이 적기로 판단되었다.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.443-450
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• 2005

In the present study, we have characterized the choline transport system and examined the influence of various amine drugs on the choline transporter using a conditionally immortalized rat brain capillary endothelial cell line (TR-BBB) in vitro. The cell-to-medium (C/M) ratio of $[^3{H}]choline$ in TR-BBB cells increased time-dependently. The initial uptake rate of $[^3{H}]choline$ was concentration-dependent with a Michaelis-Menten value, $K_{m}$, of $26.2\pm2.7{\mu}M$. The $[^3{H}]choline$ uptake into TR-BBB was $Na^{+}-independent$, but was membrane potential-dependent. The $[^3{H}]choline$ uptake was susceptible to inhibition by hemicholinium-3, and tetraethy-lammonium (TEA), which are organic cation transporter substrates. Also, the uptake of $[^3{H}]choline$ was competitively inhibited with $K_{i}$ values of $274 {\mu}M, 251 {\mu}M and 180 {\mu}M$ in the presence of donepezil hydrochloride, tacrine and $\alpha-phenyl-n-tert-butyl nitrone$ (PBN), respectively. These characteristics of choline transport are consistent with those of the organic cation transporter (OCT). OCT2 mRNA was expressed in TR-BBB cells, while the expression of OCT3 or choline transporter (CHT) was not detected. Accordingly, these results suggest that OCT2 is a candidate for choline transport at the BBB and may influence the BBB permeability of amine drugs.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.157-162
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• 1998

This experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of harvesting date and additives on the quality of fall sown oat(Avena sativa L.) silage at the department of animal resources science, college of life resources science, Woosuk University, Wanju &om August, 1997 to March, 1998. The experiment was arranged in a split plot design with three replications. The main plots consisted of the harvesting date such as 15 Oct., 23 Oct. and 2 Nov. and different additives as subplots(control, wheat bran, formic acid, lactic acid bacteria, and wilting). The results otained are summarized as follow : The fiesh and dry matter yield of oat were increased by harvesting date delayed, then fiesh and dry matter yield at 2 Nov. were highest as 36,733 and 7,29Okg/ha, respectively. The dry matter content of oat silage was increased significantly by harvesting date delayed(P< 0.05), and DM content of wheat bran and wilting treatment was high at every harvest date. The DM loss was lower in LAB, formic acid and wheat bran treatment, but on significant difference was found among harvesting date(P< 0.05). Average pH of silage harvested at 23 Oct. was lowest as 4.06, and the quality(CP, NDF, ADF, and IVMDM) of oat silage was decreased by harvesting date delayed. The content of acetic acid was no difference among harvesting date, but butyric acid was decreased and lactic acid was increased at 23 Oct. harvest. The result of this study indicate that oat harvested at booting-heading stage of maturity with wilting wheat bran, and LAB could be recommended as producing high quality of oat silage.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.607-613
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• 2016

The pleura is known as an end target organ of exposure to toxic environmental materials such as fine particulate matter and asbestos. Moreover, long-term exposure to hazardous materials can eventually lead to fatal lung disease such as diffuse pleural fibrosis or mesothelioma. Chest computed tomography (CT) and ultrasound are gold standard imaging modalities for detection of advanced pleural disease. However, a diagnostic tool for early detection of pleural reaction has not been developed yet due to difficulties in imaging ultra-fine structure of the pleura. Optical coherence tomography (OCT), which provides cross-sectional images of micro tissue structures at a resolution of 2-10 μm, can image the mesothelium with a thickness of ~100 μm and therefore enables investigation of the early pleural reaction. In this study, we induced the early pleural reaction according to a time sequence after pleurodesis using talc, which has been widely used in the clinical field. The pleural reaction in talc grouped according to the time sequence (1st, 2nd, 4th weeks) showed a significant thickening (average thickness: 45 ± 7.5 μm, 80 ± 10.7 μm, 90 ± 12.5 μm), while the pleural reaction in sham and normal groups showed pleural change from normal to minimal thickening (average thickness: 16 ± 5.5 μm, 17 ± 4.5 μm, 15 ± 6.5 μm, and 12 ± 7.5 μm, 13 ± 2.5 μm, 12 ± 3.5 μm). The measurement of pleural reaction by pathologic examinations was well-matched with the measurement by OCT images. This is the first study for measuring the thickness of pleural reactions using a biophotonic modality such as OCT. Our results showed that OCT can be useful for evaluating the early pleural reaction.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제54권2호
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• pp.218-224
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• 2009

동계 피복작물의 파종 시기는 월동 후 회복률과 생산량에 아주 중요한 영향을 미치나, 포장에서 피복작물은 주작물의 수확이 끝난 후에 파종되기 때문에 주작물의 수확이 늦어질 경우 파종 시기를 놓쳐 안전한 월동이 어려울 수 있다. 본 실험에서는 4종의 피복작물에서 파종 시기에 따른 생육의 변화를 알아보았다. 1. 실내 발아 조사를 실시한 결과 모든 피복작물에서 $25^{\circ}C$와 $20^{\circ}C$에서는 비슷한 경향을 보였고, $15^{\circ}C$ 이하 처리구에서 온도가 낮아질수록 초기 발아율이 낮게 나타났다. 호밀은 $5^{\circ}C$ 에서 처리 4일 후부터 발아를 시작해 처리 7일 후에는 90% 이상이 발아되었다. 2. 월동 전 생육 조사에서 크림손클로버, 알팔파, 헤어리베치는 지상부 길이와 생체중이 9월 파종구와 10월 파종구간에 차이를 보였고, 호밀은 9월 파종구와 10월 파종구 간에 큰 차이가 없어 다른 작물에 비해 내한성이 뛰어났다. 3. 월동 후 생체중은 모든 피복작물이 9월 파종구와 10월 파종구 사이에 차이가 나타났다. 호밀과 헤어라베치는 월동후 지상부 길이가 파종일에 따라 차이가 크지 않았으나, 크림손클로버와 알팔파는 10월 11일 이후 파종구에서 감소했다. 4. 크림손클로버는 10월 4일 이전 파종구에서는 피복률이 80% 이상으로 높게 나타났으며, 이후의 파종구에서는 점차 감소되어 10월 25일 파종구에서는 11.9%로 나타났다. 알팔파는 10윌 파종구에서 파종일이 늦어짐에 따라 피복률이 감소되었으며, 호밀과 헤어리베치는 파종 시기에 관계없이 우수한 피복률을 보였다.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.243-251
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• 2010

Estrogen related receptor $\beta$(Esrrb)는 오르판 수용체 중 하나로 전분화능 관련유전자인 Oct4와 Nanog의 발현을 조절함으로써 줄기세포의 미분화를 유지시키고, 지속적인 자기 복제를 가능케 하는 유전자로 알려져 있다. 또한 Feng 등 (2009)은 체세포에 Oct4, Sox2와 함께 Esrrb 유전자를 함께 도입하면, 유전자가 변형된 체세포가 배아 줄기세포와 유사한 유도만능줄기세포로 리프로그래밍(reprograming)되어 진다는 결과를 보고한 바 있다. 본 연구에서는 인간 ESRRB 단백질을 양수유래줄기세포 내로 직접도입하는 방법을 개발하고, 이를 통해 전분화능 관련유전자의 기능 조절을 확인하고자 하였다. 클로닝 된 인간 short-form ESRRB를 세포투과 펩타이드(cell-penetrating peptide, CPP)의 일종인 R7(아르기닌 7개)에 접합(Fusion)하였고, 합성단백질 (R7-ESRRB-His6)의 형태로 배양중인 인간 양수 유래 줄기세포에 처리하여 세포내로 도입하였다. R7-ESRRB-His6 단백질은 5시간 내에 세포막을 통과하였고, 24시간 내에 핵 내로 이동하였다. 또한 핵 내로 이동한 ESRRB 단백질은 OCT4와 NANOG 유전자의 발현을 증가시켰을 뿐만 아니라, 또 다른 전분화능 관련유전자인 SOX2의 발현도 함께 증가시킨다는 것을 확인하였다. 이상의 결과는 세포투과 펩타이드와 유전자의 접합을 통해 생산된 R7-ESRRB-His6 합성단백질이 양수유래줄기세포내로 원활하게 도입되는 것을 확인하였고, 유전자의 변형 없이 전분화능 관련유전자의 기능을 조절할 수 있는 방법임을 확인하였다.