• Title/Summary/Keyword: OCT-4

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In vitro evaluation of octenidine as an antimicrobial agent against Staphylococcus epidermidis in disinfecting the root canal system

  • Chum, Jia Da;Lim, Darryl Jun Zhi;Sheriff, Sultan Omer;Pulikkotil, Shaju Jacob;Suresh, Anand;Davamani, Fabian
    • Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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    • v.44 no.1
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    • pp.8.1-8.7
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    • 2019
  • Objectives: Irrigants are imperative in endodontic therapy for the elimination of pathogens from the infected root canal. The present study compared the antimicrobial efficacy of octenidine dihydrochloride (OCT) with chlorhexidine (CHX) and sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) against Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis) for root canal disinfection. Materials and Methods: The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was obtained using serial dilution method. The agar diffusion method was then used to determine the zones of inhibition for each irrigant. Lastly, forty 6-mm dentin blocks were prepared from human mandibular premolars and inoculated with S. epidermidis. Samples were randomly divided into 4 groups of 10 blocks and irrigated for 3 minutes with saline (control), 2% CHX, 3% NaOCl, or 0.1% OCT. Dentin samples were then collected immediately for microbial analysis, including an analysis of colony-forming units (CFUs). Results: The MICs of each tested irrigant were 0.05% for CHX, 0.25% for NaOCl, and 0.0125% for OCT. All tested irrigants showed concentration-dependent increase in zones of inhibition, and 3% NaOCl showed the largest zone of inhibition amongst all tested irrigants (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences among the CFU measurements of 2% CHX, 3% NaOCl, and 0.1% OCT showing complete elimination of S. epidermidis in all samples. Conclusions: This study showed that OCT was comparable to or even more effective than CHX and NaOCl, demonstrating antimicrobial activity at low concentrations against S. epidermidis.

Post-tuning of Sample Position in Common-path Swept-source Optical Coherence Tomography

  • Park, Jae-Seok;Jeong, Myung-Yung;Kim, Chang-Seok
    • Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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    • v.15 no.4
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    • pp.380-385
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    • 2011
  • Common-path interferometers are widely used for endoscopic optical coherence tomography (OCT) because an arbitrary arm length can be chosen for the endoscopic imaging probe. However, the scheme suffers from the limited range of the sample position distance from the end of the imaging probe because the position between the reference reflector and the sample is limited by the optical path-length difference (OPD) to induce an interference signal. In this study, we developed a novel method for compensating the arbitrary sample position in common-path swept-source OCT by adding an extra Mach-Zehnder interferometer in the post-path of the interfered optical signal. Theoretical analysis and an experimental demonstration of imaging depth tuning for the flexible sample position of an endoscopic OCT image are discussed. After post-tuning of sample position distance, the positioning limitation between the reference reflector and the sample can be solved for various sample positions over a range of 26 mm for the cross-sectional images of a fish eye sample.

Compensations of Polarization Mode Dispersion and Thermal Drift in Optical Coherence Tomography with PZT Optical Delay Lines (광간섭 단층촬영(OCT)용 PZT 광경로 지연기에서의 편광모드 분산 및 열요동 보상)

  • Kim, Young-Kwan;Park, Sung-Jin;Kim, Yong-Pyung
    • Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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    • v.16 no.6
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    • pp.547-552
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    • 2005
  • We have fabricated and characterized optical delay lines for optical coherence tomography, which is composed of cylindrical PZT(piezoelectric transducer) and single mode optical fiber. The polarization mode dispersion from the optical delay lines was compensated by the polarization controllers. By applying the duplex optical delay line, we minimized the thermal drift due to optical delay lines and obtained the scan range of 2 times that of a single optical delay line. The OCT system showed resolution of $18.6\pm0.5{\mu}m$, scanning range of 1.68mm, and scanning speed of 360.4mm/s.

( Partitioning of Carbon and Nitrogen Reserves During Winter Adaptation and Spring Regrowth IV. Effect of seeding date on the content of organic reserves on the wintering period and forage yeild in rape ( Brassica napus L. ) (저장탄수화물과 질소의 월동성과 재생활력에 대한 이용성 IV. 추파 유채 ( Brassica napus L. ) 의 파종시기가 월동중 저장유기물 함량 및 수량에 미치는 영향)

  • 김태환;김기원;정우진;전해열;김병호
    • Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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    • v.16 no.1
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    • pp.1-8
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    • 1996
  • The objective of this study is to obtain the basic data for investigating the effects of organic reserves on winter survial or regrowth yield. Forage rape (Brussicu napus L.) was sown at 10 day> interval from Sep. I to Nov. 1. Field-grown palnts were sampled on the before wintering (Dec. 4) and on the wintering period (Jan. 16) to analyze the nitrogen and non-structural cahohydrate reserves. The rate of winter survival and regrowth yield were also measured in the spring of next year. On the before wintering, the dry matter yields from the plots sown on Sep. 1, Sep.11 and Sep. 21 were 860, 596 and 260 kg/lOa, respectively. No. harvest was canied out on the plots sown after Oct. 1 because the growth state was not enough to cut. Both of nitrogen and starch contents per plant significantly increased as the seeding date was later. On the wintering period, the contents of nitrogen reserves in roots were 176.8. 120.1, 71.7, 84.0, 72.1, 45.3 and 33.3 mg/plant, those of starch reserves were 199.0. 55.8, 21.8, 92.6, 86.5, 36.4 and 29.0 mglplant, resepctively, in the plots sown on Sep. 1, Sep. 11, Sep. 21, Oct. I, Oct. 11, Oct. 21 and Nov. 1. The rates of winter survival were 40, 36, 33, 85, 87, 59 and 49% and regrowth yields were 161, 86, 65, 520, 451, 121 and 33 kgD.M/lOa, respectively, in each plots. 'Ihese results clearly showed that seeding date has a close influence on the level of organic reserves and forage yield, and that the possibility of continuous utilization on the before and alter wintering is extremely limited by seeding date.

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Simple Spectral Calibration Method and Its Application Using an Index Array for Swept Source Optical Coherence Tomography

  • Jung, Un-Sang;Cho, Nam-Hyun;Kim, Su-Hwan;Jeong, Hyo-Sang;Kim, Jee-Hyun;Ahn, Yeh-Chan
    • Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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    • v.15 no.4
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    • pp.386-393
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    • 2011
  • In this study, we report an effective k-domain linearization method with a pre-calibrated indexed look-up table. The method minimizes k-domain nonlinear characteristics of a swept source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) system by using two arrays, a sample position shift index and an intensity compensation array. Two arrays are generated from an interference pattern acquired by connecting a Fabry-Perot interferometer (FPI) and an optical spectrum analyzer (OSA) to the system. At real time imaging, the sample position is modified by location movement and intensity compensation with two arrays for linearity of wavenumber. As a result of evaluating point spread functions (PSFs), the signal to noise ratio (SNR) is increased by 9.7 dB. When applied to infrared (IR) sensing card imaging, the SNR is increased by 1.29 dB and the contrast noise ratio (CNR) value is increased by 1.44. The time required for the linearization and intensity compensation is 30 ms for a multi thread method using a central processing unit (CPU) compared to 0.8 ms for compute unified device architecture (CUDA) processing using a graphics processing unit (GPU). We verified that our linearization method is appropriate for applying real time imaging of SS-OCT.

Subpopulations of miniature pig mesenchymal stromal cells with different differentiation potentials differ in the expression of octamer-binding transcription factor 4 and sex determining region Y-box 2

  • Jeon, Ryounghoon;Park, Sungjo;Lee, Sung-Lim;Rho, Gyu-Jin
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • v.33 no.3
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    • pp.515-524
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    • 2020
  • Objective: Human mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) exhibit variable differentiation potential and can be divided accordingly into distinct subpopulations whose ratios vary with donor age. However, it is unknown whether the same is true in pigs. This study investigated MSC subpopulations in miniature pig and compared their characteristics in young (2 to 3 months) and adult (27 to 35 months) pigs. Methods: Osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic capacity of isolated MSCs was evaluated by von Kossa, Alcian blue, and oil red O staining, respectively. Cell surface antigen expression was determined by flow cytometry. Proliferative capacity was assessed with the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Expression of marker genes was detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results: Porcine MSCs comprised cells with trilineage and bilineage differentiation potential (tMSCs and bMSCs, respectively) and non-differentiating stromal cells (NDSCs). The tMSC and bMSC fractions were smaller in adult than in young pigs (63.0% vs 71.2% and 11.6% vs 24.0%, respectively, p<0.05); NDSCs showed the opposite trend (25.4% vs 4.8%; p<0.05). Subpopulations showed no differences in morphology, cell surface antigen expression, or proliferative capacity, but octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (OCT4) expression was higher in tMSCs than in bMSCs and NDSCs (p<0.05), whereas sex determining region Y-box 2 (SOX2) expression was higher in tMSCs and bMSCs than in NDSCs (p<0.05). Aging had no effect on these trends. Conclusion: Porcine MSCs comprise distinct subpopulations that differ in their differentiation potential and OCT4 and SOX2 expression. Aging does not affect the characteristics of each subpopulation but alters their ratios.

Correlation of Oct-4 and FGF-4 Gene Expression on Peri-Implantation Bovine Embryos Reconstructed with Various Somatic Cells

  • Yoon, Byung-Sun;Song, Sang-Jin;Do, Jeong-Tae;Hong, Seung-Bum;Lee, Hoon-Taek;Chung, Kil-Saeng
    • Proceedings of the KSAR Conference
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    • 2002.06a
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    • pp.66-66
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    • 2002
  • The efficiency of animal production using cloning technology is relatively low. It is considered that the nuclear transferred (NT) embryos proceed inappropriate reconstruction with donor-recipient cell, which lead to a abnormal embryo development, and differential expression of mRNA transcript. Especially, the expression of mRNA on peri-implantation stage embryos is very important factor to decide success of implantation and ongoing pregnancy. (omitted)

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