• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.631-648
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• 1993

This study is a descriptive study to provide basic data related to types of uniforms worn by nurses. Nurses, other medical center personnel, patients and their famillies were asked for their opinion on changing nurses’ uniforms and how the image of nurses is 1 elated to the type of uniform worn by the nurses. The data for this study were collected during the period from Feb. 25, 1993 to Mar. 26, 1993 at Y-University Medical Center from 132 nurses, 137 other medical center personnel, 117 patients and their families. The instruments used for this study were the Nurses’ Image Scale(NIS) developed by Bown(1986), and an instrument to measure opinions of uniform and cap using photographs of nurses’ uniforms that was developed by the researcher through a literture review. Data were analyzed using the SPPS / PC package, Statistics used for analysis were frequencies, percentages, paired t -test, and oneway ANOVA The results of this study are summarized as follows ; 1. Of the nurses, 84.3%, along with, 51.5% of the medical center personnel, 39.1% of the patients and their families agreed to a change in the color of nurses uniforms. 2. Similarly, 87.4% of the nurses,27.7% of the medical center personnel, 19.3% of the patients and their families were in favor of nurses not wearing caps. 3. Only 11.8% of nurses answered that a white uniform was important to the professional image of nursing. Only 2.4% of the nurses answered that a cap was very important to the professional image of nursing. 4. Only 1.6% of the nurses answered that a white uniform and cap were important to show the role of nurses in the twenty first century. 5. About 1/3, 36.5%, of the medical center personnel, the patient and their families answered that changing the color of the nurses' uniform will make a change in the image of nurses. 6. A White uniform and cap were seen as being im-portant in distinguishing nurses from other medical personnel in the hospital by 76.5% of the medical personnel, the patients and their families. 7. Nurses gave high marks to the idea of no cap regardless of the color of the uniform which would still portray the symbol of the nurses’ role, identity and would differentiate the role from other jobs. The patients and their families gave high marks to a white uniform with cap. 8. Generally, nurses, medical center personnel and patients and their families thought that a colored uniform with cap presented a good image of nurses. 9. There was a significant difference in the response among the three groups(F=24.65, P〈.001) to the figure in a white uniform with a cap, and the patients and their families thought it was the best portrayal of the image of nurses. There was a significant difference among the three groups(F=9.03, P〈.001) to the figure in a white uniform with no cap and the nurses indicated that it was the beat portrayed of the image of nurses. There was no significant difference among the three groups to the figure in a colored uniform with cap. There was a significant difference(F=17.50, P〈. 001) to the figure in a colored uniform with no cap, and the nurses indicated that it was the best portrayal of the image of nurses. In summary, the nurses wanted to change the color of uniform and not to wear a cap. But many of the medical center personnel, patients and their families indicated they did not agree with this idea. Therefore, changing the type of uniform worn by nurses should be done only after consideration has been given to the relation of the change to the professional role of nurses and the image of nurses held people in general. Suggestions arising from this study are as follows : 1. The relation between the role of nurses and their uniform was surveyed, and these results can be used as data when considering a change in uniforms. 2. A change in uniforms should be tried based on the norm established about uniforms. 3. The nurses did not want to wear a cap, but before a decision is definitely made it is necessary to study the philosophy related to the symbol of the cap because the figure of a nurse with a cap portrayed a positive image of the nurses. If the cap is kept, the symbol of the cap should be redefined. 4. In this study, only the image related to the uniform was examined, but in future studies it will be necessary to examine the practicality of various types of uniforms.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.7
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• pp.317-324
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to investigate factors affecting body image in adolescents. The subject of study is 140 adolescents in the three middle schools from the J city. The data were collected using a self-report questionnaire from March 15 to March 29, 2017. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, T-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation, and multiple regression with SPSS 20.0 program. Body image was found to be in a significant positive correlation with family strength and self-esteem. The result of the multiple regression indicates the self-esteem(${\beta}=.24$, p<.05), family strength(${\beta}=.19$, p<.05) and gender(${\beta}=.16$, p<.05) predict 17.9% (F=11.10, p<.001) of body image. Therefore, it is necessary to develop self-esteem and family strength strategy intervention program for establishing a right body image of adolescents.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.12
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• pp.289-296
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• 2019

This study was done to explore the relationship alcoholcs' body image, belief emotion expression, communication competence and related factors. Alcoholcs' body image, belief emotion expression, communication competence level scales were used as the measurement tools with a sample of 151 students from 2 hospitals in J-city and S-city. T-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation and stepwise multiple regression with SPSS/WIN 21.0 version were used to analyze the data. Alcoholcs' body-image was negatively correlated with belief emotion expression but was negatively correlated with communication competence. Belief emotion expression was negatively correlated with communication competence. Hierarchical regression analysis showed that body-image, education degree, and belief emotion expression explained 24.9 % of communication competence. The results of this study can be used as basic data to improve the communication competence of alcoholics.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.454-464
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop an experience-based sex education program to improve adjustment to puberty in elementary school students in the upper grades and to verify its effectiveness. Methods: This study had a pretest-posttest nonequivalent control group design. The subjects of this study were a total of 95 sixth-graders in Y city (experimental group: 48, control group: 47). The measurement variables were sexual knowledge, body image, self-esteem, and satisfaction with life. Four sessions of the experience-based sex education program to improve adjustment to puberty, consisting of 40 minutes per session, were provided to the experimental group. Results: Children's sexual knowledge, self-esteem, and satisfaction with life in the experimental group, which participated in the experience-based sexual education program to improve adjustment to puberty, showed a significant increase compared to the control group. However, there was no statistically significant difference in body image. Conclusion: This study presents the development of an experience-based sex education program for adjustment to puberty to overcome the shortcomings of existing sex education programs that are limited to sexual knowledge and attitudes, and also verified that the sexual knowledge, self-esteem, and life satisfaction of the elementary school students who were provided with the program improved meaningfully.

• Asian Oncology Nursing
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.103-111
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of imagery therapy on "coping mechanism and type C personality of the women with mastectomy. To achieve this purpose, 2 hours sessions of imagery therapy were given to the patients with breast cancer twice a week for 6 weeks. The period of data collection was from July, 7th to August, 12th 2002. The participants were 30 patients, 15 experimental group, 15 control group who were treated at the G University hospital in J City. This study was designed using a quasi-experimental approach with non-equivalent Pre test-Post test Design. The themes for the Imagery Therapy Program were composed of Leuner's(1969) 12 Imagery Themes: flower, green-field, stream, mountain, house, woods, significant figures, rose, lion, ideal self-image, cave and volcano. The data were analyzed with ${\chi}2-test$ and MANOVA using the SPSS program. The course of image change of the 12 imagery themes was analyzed by content analysis. The results of this study are as follows: First Hypothesis, 'The score of type C personality in the women with mastectomy who received imagery therapy will be significantly lower than that of the control group' was supported(p<.05). Second Hypothesis, 'The score of coping mechanism' in the women with mastectomy who received imagery therapy will be significantly higher than that of the control group' was rejected. In conclusion, imagery therapy is suggested as an effective nursing intervention to change type C personality of the women with mastectomy, but not effective to improve coping mechanism. Therefore, the program for the women with mastectomy should be developed to change their coping mechanism, method of problem solving and Quality of life.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.59-67
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• 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the effectiveness of Problem-based Learning (PBL) in an interdisciplinary college class. This class was run under the theme of 'Nurse Social Content Creators' (NSCC) in the Korean Nurses Association (KNA)'s industry-university collaborative project designed to promote a positive image of nurses among the public. Methods: Study 1 examined changes in perception about nurses among the PBL participants before and after the program. A one-group pre-post test experimental design was applied, and the data were analyzed using a Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Study 2 identified differences of perceptions of nurses between people who had observed the PBL final presentation and people who had not. A post-test-only with nonequivalent group experimental design was used, and the data were analyzed using a Mann-Whitney U test. Results: Study 1 revealed a significant increase of positive perceptions towards nurses. Study 2 revealed a significant difference between the PBL presentation audience group and the control group. Students who had observed the PBL program showed more positive perceptions of nurses than students who had not. Conclusion: This research is an important study with high practicality in the area of media studies as well as in nursing. The PBL teaching method was proven to be effective in enhancing perceptions of nurses.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.56-66
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• 2018

Purpose: This quasi-experimental study was done to develop image-use medication education for older inpatients and to evaluate the effects on their knowledge, self-efficacy, and misuse of medication. Methods: Fifty nine elders (experimental group - 30, and control group - 29) received medication education once a week for 3 weeks. Data were collected before (pretest), right after (post 1), and 4 weeks after the program finished (post 2). Drug Use Knowledge Scale, Self-efficacy for Appropriate Medication Use Scale, and Drug Misuse Scale were used. Analysis included descriptive statistics, $x^2$ test, repeated measured ANOVA. Results: Findings showed significant differences in knowledge of medication and drug misuse between groups according to time(pretest, post 1, and post 2). At post 1 and post 2, knowledge and self-efficacy levels were significantly higher and misuse scores were lower in the experimental group compared to the control group. Conclusion: Findings indicate that elder-tailored medication education consisting of group education and individual guidance with images is effective and practical for medicine safety in elderly inpatients. Moreover, it could lead to a healthier life for elders, even elders with multiple chronic diseases and taking several medications.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.212-233
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• 1995

Cerebrovascular diseases in Korea is an important health problem since mortality and mobidity have been increasing rapidly. Cerebrovascular diseases marked the 2nd rank of cause specific death rate in 1993. The ploblem of emotion after a stroke has received very little attention from the nursing profession until recently. Even the frequency of the emotional disorder after stroke is uncertain, and there has been very little research. Emotional disorder after stroke was related to limited social function, guilty conscience, helplessness, hopelessness, powerlessness, alienation, and damage of self-image. In the stroke patient, hope may be related to a rehabilitation or enhancing physical condition. Inspiring hope is necessary when stroke patients are unable to mobilize energy on their own behalf and perceive limited or no person choices available. Inspiring hope is an intervention that can be used with many nursing diagnoses, especially when feelings of helplessness, hopelessness, powerlessness, and depression are present. The nurse can inspire hope by understanding the hoping process. On the basis of this literature review, the following suggestions are prosed. 1) Qualitative studies on hope have been done to indentify variables that affect maintenance of hope in the chronically ill patients. 2) In the development of an instrument to measure hope, the validity, reliability, and cultural property of the hope have been estabilished.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.118-128
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the images of men as nurses held by high school boys, and to provide basic data about the desirability of nursing as a career choice for them. Method: Q-methodology which provides a method of analyzing the subjectivity of each item was used: The 35 high school boys classified 31 selected Q-statements into a normal distribution using a 9-point scale. The collected data was analyzed by the pc-QUNAL program. Results: Among the high school boys, three types of images of men as nurses were identified. Type I; A promising occupation for men through active way of thinking, Type II; Men working in a woman oriented field of work, Type III; A promising profession without any gender stereotype. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that specific strategies should be developed to promote the choice of nursing among high school boys.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.80-91
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• 2003

Purpose : This study is to define the structural patterns of gender roles of women as perceived by co-eds. Method : Q-methodology was used on 174 statements collected through interviews with women aged between 20 an d 50. 38 Q-samples were selected from 330 Q-population. The Q-samples were administered to 29 co-eds. Result : Analysis of Q-type obtained by QUANAL program revealed three types of subjectivity in the perception of gender roles. Type 1, role is characterized by the tendency to play down the female gender role and think that women's body is an essential factor in forming the female gender role. Type 2, rejects motherhood image obedience and chastity dictated by male chauvinism. Type 3, shows a tendency to believeth at female gender cannot be separated from maternity and that women's basic role is housekeeping. The three types were common in believing in self-development and equal rights through economical in dependence.